微波辅助合成γ-Fe2O3/花生壳磁性生物炭对水体中环丙沙星吸附的研究

基于化学共沉淀法,利用微波辅助成功合成了γ-Fe_2O_3/花生壳磁性生物炭复合材料.结果表明,微波辅助合成扩大了生物炭的比表面积和孔隙体积,提高了生物炭表面γ-Fe_2O_3颗粒的分散度.此外,微波效应使得γ-Fe_2O_3牢固地附着在生物炭表面并提高了吸附剂的磁性.在最佳pH=6.0的条件下,微波辅助合成的磁性生物炭对环丙沙星(CIP)的吸附量为8.30 mg·g~(-1),吸附量高于传统法制备的吸附剂(4.50 mg·g~(-1)).吸附过程受多重机制控制,5次循环实验证实由微波辅助合成的γ-Fe_2O_3/花生壳磁性生物炭纳米复合材料是一种高效、稳定、可重复使用的吸附剂.微波辅助合成给磁性生物炭优化提供了新思路,为提高吸附剂对有机污染物的有效去除提供了新的途径.     

基于物联网技术的移动危险源监测研究

移动危险源根据运输方式不同分为道路移动危险源和水路移动危险源.道路移动危险源主要是危险化学品运输车辆等,水路移动危险源是指危险化学品运输船舶.本文基于物联网技术对移动危险源的监测进行了研究,提出了建立基于无线通信网络的监测系统和建立基于二维码的监测系统,前者对道路与水路移动危险源均适用,后者仅适用于道路移动危险源.理论分析表明利用物联网进行移动危险源的监测是可行的.     

盘式曝气器的结构优化设计

盘式曝气器是目前城市污水处理厂主要采用的曝气设备之一。但目前盘式曝气器存在充氧能力低、阻力损失大、使用寿命短等技术问题，增加了城市污水处理厂运行成本，降低了运行效能。针对这些问题，对盘式曝气器进行了结构优化设计。通过结构优化，既改善了曝气器的抗撕裂性和自闭性，同时叉提高了充氧能力，降低了曝气阻力损失。     

Interactive effect of dissolved organic matter and phenanthrene on soil enzymatic activities

The investigation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on urease, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activity in a phenanthrene (Phe)-contaminated soil was conducted under laboratory incubation conditions. Values of soil enzymatic activity depended mainly on incubation time. In the initial 16 days, urease activity increased, and was followed by a decrease. In the initial 8 days, catalase activity decreased and then increased. Variation of polyphenol oxidase activity was just the reverse of catalase activity. After 30 days of incubation, no pronounced difference among treatments with Phe, Phe and DOM, and control were detected in urease, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activity. Phe might inhibit urease and catalase, and stimulate polyphenol oxidase. DOM could improve inhibition of Phe in soil urease and catalase activity during the initial period of applying DOM. Nevertheless, DOM had no significant effect on polyphenol oxidase activity in the Phe contaminated soil. There was a negative correlation between catalase and polyphenol oxidase (r = -0.761~(***)), and catalase and urease (r = -0.554~(**)). Additionally, a positive correlation between polyphenol oxidase and urease was also detected (r = 0.701~(***)). It is implied that the formed DOM after application of organic wastes into soils may counteract the inhibition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil enzyme activities.     

电力行业节能减排途径探讨

为实现电力行业十一五节能20%,二氧化硫削减22%的行业目标,电力行业面临严峻的节能减排形势。根据清洁生产源头控制以及废弃物资源化利用的原理,介绍了七种具有明显经济效益和环境效益的节能减排技术,为电力行业清洁生产审核中节能减排方案的提出提供借鉴作用。     

焚烧法和厌氧消化法处理制革污泥中热值、硫、铬的比较

焚烧法和厌氧消化法都是利用制革污泥中热量的有效方法。比较两种方法所产生的热量,以及污泥处理过程中向大气排放的硫和铬,同时对铬的迁移作了初步的讨论。试验表明:焚烧法产生的热量多于厌氧消化方法,而厌氧消化方法中硫以及重金属铬的排放量明显小于焚烧法。     

染料行业节水减污措施探讨

染料行业发展迅速,但随着节能减排要求的提高,问题也愈暴露,甚至影响到染料工业的生存。针对染料行业水耗高、废水产生量大的严峻环境问题,提出节水减污的工作思路。通过推行清洁生产,找出水耗高、污染物产生量大的环节,结合企业实际生产情况,从染料生产的技术工艺、设备、水回收利用、加强管理、结合一定的末端治理5个方面,探讨节水减污的措施,争取做到源头节水,将污染物最大程度地消灭在生产过程中,做到废水的回收利用,使染料行业能够可持续发展下去。     

Simulation and assessment of sludge concentration and rheology in the process of waste activated sludge treatment

The process of using flat-sheet membrane for simultaneous sludge thickening and digestion (MSTD) was employed. The variations of sludge concentration and rheology were characterized and simulated. Based on mass balance analysis, mathematical models were developed and successfully used to predict and evaluate the variations of sludge concentration and the digestion e ciency in the MSTD process. The apparent viscosity of sludge could be modeled as functions of mixed liquor suspended solids and shear rates. The sludge in the MSTD process showed both shear-thinning and viscoplastic behaviour, and under various shear rates di erent rheological models could be chosen to predict their flow behaviour. It was also found that sludge concentration and viscosity had significant correlations with membrane fouling in the MSTD process.     

沈阳市环境噪声状况及防治措施

以沈阳市"十五"期间的噪声监测数据及调查资料为依据,通过对沈阳市环境噪声现状、变化趋势的分析,探讨了沈阳市环境噪声的防治措施,并提出一些建议和思考。     

江苏省地震科学数据共享平台技术研究

本文利用分布式数据库技术着力研究和开发了江苏省地震局的测震数据库、前兆数据库的共享、管理与集中发布技术。主要运用JSP（Java Server Page）技术及PHP（Hypertext Preprocessor）语言对测震的JOPENS系统中MySQL数据库、EQIM数据库、及前兆Oracle数据库等进行进一步地开发。搭建了一个行业内跨计算机操作平台的可视化的地震科技数据共享、交换及管理平台,实现了多种地震科学数据的（例如近、远震地震信息、各学科的运行率等）在线可视化、基于Google Map检索的地震信息服务等。