Thermal defluorination behaviors of PFOS,PFOA and PFBS during regeneration of activated carbon by molten salt

• New method of mineralizing PFCs was proposed. • Activated carbon was regenerated while mineralizing PFCs. • Molten NaOH has good mineralization effect on PFOS and PFBS. Current study proposes a green regeneration method of activated carbon (AC) laden with Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) from the perspective of environmental safety and resource regeneration. The defluorination efficiencies of AC adsorbed perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) using three molten sodium salts and one molten alkali were compared. Results showed that defluorination efficiencies of molten NaOH for the three PFCs were higher than the other three molten sodium salts at lower temperature. At 700°C, the defluorination efficiencies of PFOS and PFBS using molten NaOH reached to 84.2% and 79.2%, respectively, while the defluorination efficiency of PFOA was 35.3%. In addition, the temperature of molten salt, the holding time and the ratio of salt to carbon were directly proportional to the defluorination efficiency. The low defluorination efficiency of PFOA was due to the low thermal stability of PFOA, which made it difficult to be captured by molten salt.The weight loss range of PFOA was 75°C–125°C, which was much lower than PFOS and PFBS (400°C–500°C). From the perspective of gas production, fluorine-containing gases produced from molten NaOH-treated AC were significantly reduced, which means that environmental risks were significantly reduced. After molten NaOH treatment, the regenerated AC had higher adsorption capacity than that of pre-treated AC.     

Agricultural non-point sources and their effects on chlorophyll-a in a eutrophic lake over three decades (1985–2020)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Erhai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in Yunnan Province but suffers from the deterioration of water quality and agricultural non-point...     

五氯酚胁迫对转基因杨树光合光响应特性的影响

以从美国引入的转基因杨树(Populus deltoides×nigra,DN34)为材料,设置0、50、100 mg·kg~(-1)三个五氯酚胁迫质量分数开展温室盆栽试验,利用Li-6400便携式光合作用测量系统研究五氯酚污染胁迫下转基因杨树对光强的生理响应.结果表明:与对照相比,相同光强下50和100 mg·kg~(-1)质量分数的五氯酚胁迫均降低了转基因杨树叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO_2摩尔分数(C_i)和气孔导度(G_s).因此高质量分数五氯酚比低质量分数五氯酚对转基因杨树光合作用产生更大的抑制响应.     

对一起管道疏通机造成触电事故的分析

１９９９年７月１２日,在我市发生一起触电事故,死亡青工正名。当日上午７：４０某家庭服务队接到某饭店电话,说饭店２楼后厨下水道堵塞,请派人去疏通。于是贾××和另一名工人带上管道疏通机前去作业。８时许,２人来到现场,从墙上配电盘下方接好电源,然后试机准备...     

肺炎嗜衣原体主要外膜蛋白基因片段在大肠杆菌中的表达与鉴定

表达肺炎嗜衣原体（Chlamydia pneumoniae,Cpn）主要外膜蛋白（MOMP）的可变区VD2-VD3区．纯化产物并进行免疫活性分析,为探索重组蛋白在肺炎嗜衣原体血清学诊断中的应用提供资料．应用聚合酶联反应（PCR）技术,从肺炎嗜衣原体标准株AR-39的MOMP上扩增出抗原优势表住VD2-VD3区,将目的片段定向插入pET-30a载体,转化大肠杆菌B121,IPTG诱导表达并以Ni-NTA亲和层析柱纯化表达产物并行western-blot鉴定．成功构建了pET-30a-MOMPVD2-VD3的原核表达系统,表达并纯化出相对分子质量（Mr）为24×10^3Da的重组蛋白．Western-blot证实重组蛋白能与Cpn MOMP多克隆抗体发生特异性反应．肺炎嗜衣原体的MOMPVD2-VD3基因可以在大肠杆菌中得到表达,其表达产物能与相应的抗体结合,为肺炎嗜衣原体诊断候选抗原的研究奠定了基础．图4,参9．     

水解酸化-缺氧生物法处理油田废水的机理

采用水解酸化-缺氧生物法对经物化预处理的油田废水进行试验研究.当进水COD为190～230mg/L,水解酸化段和缺氧段停留时间分别为10,48h时,出水COD为75～83mg/L.运用GC/MS分析油田废水有机污染物在工艺流程中相对组分变化的规律,表明水解酸化和缺氧法处理油田废水时有协同作用,可有效降解废水中酚类化合物、酮类化合物、芳烃和BTEX.运用PCR-DGGE技术,考察不同生物反应器内微生物种群及其分布特征,初步确定水解酸化和缺氧反应器内的优势菌种.     

黄土地层构造差异成因及其对自然环境的影响

陕甘宁地块上广泛分布的黄土地层的破坏是黄河水患的主要原因,黄土地层有一定的抗侵蚀能力,但当被开垦时,其抗侵蚀能力会大幅降低,在陕甘宁黄土地层分布区减少,以至最终基本停止农耕而瞠步代之以林草,确系治黄的根本方略,陕北是黄土高原水土流失最严重的地区,是黄河泥沙最主要的来源地,但区内黄土地层受侵蚀的状况却具有分带性,北东和北西两组基底断裂构造对其有重要影响,并对毛乌素沙漠的位置以及无定河环形构造的活动状况有一定控制作用,这些都是在陕北开展山川秀美工程过程中必须考虑到的因素,由此得到启迪;在开发自然资源,环境保护和减灾工作中,必须首先认识环境的自然属性。     

亚超临界水技术在废旧尼龙6解聚中的应用

研究了尼龙6在亚超临界水中的解聚反应,以期为废旧尼龙6的回收利用提供技术参数.实验分别利用气质联用仪和紫外分光光度计对解聚后的液相产物进行定性和定量分析,并考察了不同的反应温度、反应压力和反应时间对液相产物收率的影响.结果表明,液相产物绝大部分为己内酰胺;解聚的最佳条件为370 ℃、25 MPa、60 min;己内酰胺最大收率为96%.通过动力学分析和Arrhenius关系计算,得出尼龙6亚超临界水解聚的活化能为64.4 kJ/mol.     

稠油废水回用热采锅炉工艺研究

以新疆油田红浅稠油区为研究对象进行了稠油废水再生后回用热采锅炉的工艺研究,结果表明采用混凝、过滤、离子交换、除氧工艺对稠油废水进行处理,出水各指标可达到热采锅炉给水水质标准,该工艺在油田的应用具有明显的经济效益和环境效益。     

重庆城区大气颗粒物的元素、离子及物相组成研究

采用X－射线能谱（EDX），傅立叶红外光谱（FT－IR），X－射线衍射（XRI）对重庆市区大气颗粒污染物的元素组成，离子，物相组成进行顾研究，EDX检出了S，Cl,K,Ca,Ti,Cr,Mn,Fe,Cu,Se,Sr,Zr,Rb,Ga,Hg,Zn,Ni元素，FT－IR光谱发现主要存在SO4^2-,NH4^ 和NO3^-,XRD结果表明存在CaSO4.2H2O,α-SiO2,(NH4)2Ca(SO4)2.2H2O,(NH4)2SO4等4个主要物相以及Fe3O4,CaCO3等物相，初步讨论了重庆大气颗粒物的污染来源及其时间，空间分布。