预防水体黑臭的水质指标研究

水体黑臭的指标，是研究其成因，判断其黑芨科学合理地管理水体的重要内容，该文选择了与一黑臭生化过程有关的的一些参数，进行了理场和模拟试验测定研究，结果证明ＤＯ、ＢＯＤ５、硫酸还原菌数等，与水体黑臭具有较好的相关性。水体黑臭与不黑臭的临界指标为：ＣＨ－２１．５，ＤＯ＝１．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｎ＝２０００个／ｍｌ，ＢＯＤ５＝１４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

高硫原油加工过程硫回收水平分析

分析了金陵分公司最近三年来加工高硫原油带入的硫在全厂炼油过程的分布情况。随着原油加工量及含硫量的快速增长，硫回收能力凸现不足，表明目前正在加速建设的加氢精制和硫磺回收装置是十分必要的，这将进一步提高综合硫回收水平。从长远来看，还需采用扩大加氢工艺能力，在提升产品质量的同时达到减少硫向环境排放的目的。     

电子设计竞赛与大学生创新能力培养

本文探讨了大学生电子设计竞赛对促进实践教学的重要作用，电子设计竞赛对大学生创新能力培养的作用，论述了高校深化实践教学改革与培养学生创新精神、创新能力的必要性。     

抚仙湖面源污染特征及其防治对策

根据抚仙湖径流区污染物负荷量的调查结果,抚仙湖水污染特征以面源为主,面源入湖水量占98%,TP占81.4%,TN占85.9%,因此控制面源是保护抚仙湖的关键。提出了防治抚仙湖面源污染的生态治理及工程治理对策。     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

A decision tree approach modelling functional group abundance in a pasture ecosystem

Decision tree, one of the data mining approaches, was used to model the relative abundance of five functional groups of plant species, namely high fertility response grasses (HFRG), low fertility tolerance grasses (LFTG), legume, moss and flatweeds in a New Zealand hill-pasture ecosystem using aboveground biomass. The model outputs were integrated with a geographic information system (GIS) to map and validate the predictions on a pasture. The decision tree models clearly revealed the interactions between the functional groups and environmental and management factors, and also indicated the relative importance of these factors in influencing the functional group abundance. Soil Olsen P was the most significant factor influencing the abundance of LFTG and moss, while soil bulk density, slope and annual P fertiliser input were the most significant factors influencing the abundance of legume, HFRG and flatweeds, respectively. Generally, slope and soil Olsen P were the two key factors underlying the patterns of abundance for these five functional groups. For the five functional groups studied, there was an overall predictive accuracy of 75%. Modelling functional group abundance simplified the investigation of the complex interrelationship between species and environment in a pasture ecosystem. The integration of the decision tree with GIS in this study provides a platform to investigate community structure and functional composition for a pasture over space, and thus can be applied as a tool in pasture management.     

过程工业安全仪表系统的等级评定

介绍了安全整体性要求级别、安全联锁系统评定的内容、安全联锁系统评定的程序以及确定安全仪表联锁系统等级的方法,并介绍了安全保护层分析在安全联锁系统评定中的应用.     

张恒东

原油管道储运行业地域辽阔、点多线长、易燃易爆，职业危害因素种类繁多，人员接触广泛，职业卫生 工作难度较大。笔者结合工作实际，就原油管道储运企业职业健康监护谈谈工作体会，     

美国化学品危害信息的传递

1970年美国颁布<职业安全卫生法>,要求企业将作业场所化学品的危害告知作业人员.为贯彻该法的要求,20世纪80年代初期,美国职业安全卫生管理局(OSHA)颁布危害信息传递标准(HCS),要求化学品生产和进口商对生产和进口的化学品进行危害评估,并要求所有企业将有害化学品的信息传递给作业人员.     

哈尔滨市轨道交通一期工程电磁辐射环境影响分析及防护措施初探

在现代化城市建设与发展中,城市轨道交通引起的电磁辐射环境影响,越来越受到公众的关注,越来越受到各级政府的重视.本文以哈尔滨城市轨道交通工程为例,分析本工程的电磁辐射污染源,采用类比方法,预测和评价电磁辐射对环境的影响,提出了电磁辐射防护措施建议.