南亚热带丘陵土壤水分循环及其有效性的研究──Ⅵ.丘陵赤红壤-果树-大气连续体中能量的变化及其分布规律

依据田间实测资料,分析了南亚热带丘陵赤红壤-果树-大气连续体中的能量变化及其分布规律、结果表明,土壤基质势的年度变化特征说明南亚热带丘陵赤红壤存在明显的湿季和旱季．果树叶水势随土壤基质势、大气水势、气温及大气相对湿度的变化而变化,荔枝、龙眼叶水势的变化比芒果叶水势的变化大.以荔枝、芒果和龙眼作为供试植物,水分从土壤到达植物根表皮、进入根系并通过植物茎到达叶片,其能量降低分别约为0．9063～1.7428、0．2818～0．6979和0．2904～1．8707MPa;水分从叶部汽化扩散到大气中,其能量降低分别达15．1491～57．3669、15．4491～58．4036和14．5824～56．9536MPa,说明水流在南亚热带丘陵赤红壤-果树-大气连续体中运移时,其能量主要消耗在由叶部到大气这一环节上。     

南亚热带丘陵土壤水分循环及其有效性的研究──Ⅷ.丘陵赤红壤水分循环与平衡数学模型

依据田间实测资料,在分析丘陵赤红壤水分性质的基础上,建立了土壤有效含水量与土壤物理粘粒含量之间的数学模型、土壤水分特征曲线数学模型、土壤月均贮水量与月降雨总量之间的数学模型和径流率与土壤表层初始含水量之间的数学模型,研究了土壤水分循环与平衡数学模型及各分量与参数的确定方法.     

坡地赤红壤物理退化及其机理研究──Ⅲ.土壤物理退化机理分析

主要通过相关统计和综合分析,探讨坡地赤红壤物理退化的内部和外部环境的影响因素．指出养分贫瘠化,尤其是贫有机质化是坡地赤红壤物理性状退化的主要内部原因,植被破坏则是坡地赤红壤物理性状退化的外部因素、而人类活动的影响对坡地赤红壤的物理退化有重要作用。     

杉木地理种源遗传变异的RAPD分析

应用随机扩增多态性DNA技术对我国12个有代表性的杉木地理种源遗传多样性进行分析,从80个随要引物中筛选出20个进行扩增,共扩增出149个DNA片段,其中具多态性的片段有115个,占77．18％％,表明极木地理种源间具有丰富的DNA序列多态性、平均每个引物提供7．45个RAPD标记的信息量,扩增出的DNA片段大小一般为150到2000bp范围之间,12个杉木地理种源间遗传距离变幅为0．193－0．4467,聚类结果表明,在0．2664处,广东信宜,广西梧州,湖南会同,湖南江华,贵州锦屏,江西全南聚为一类,福建沙县,浙江开化,湖北咸宁,安徽休宁聚为一类,四川雅安,陕西南郑各为一类,图2表2参15     

Accumulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the polychaete Paraprionospio sp. from the Yodo River mouth,Osaka Bay,Japan

This study presents the levels of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) accumulated by Paraprionospio sp. from the Yodo River mouth, Osaka Bay. Since high concentrations of nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BP), octylphenol (OP), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estrone (E1) have been measured in sediment from Osaka Bay, some bioaccumulation could be expected particularly in benthic animals. EDCs were analysed in Paraprionospio sp., a dominant benthic species in Osaka Bay. The results showed that Paraprionospio sp. had accumulated varying concentrations (wet weight; w.w.) of NP at 1,460–4,410 ng/g; BP at 22.5–39.6 ng/g; OP at 18.9–45.4 ng/g; E2 at 0.89–4.35 ng/g; and E1 at 0.06–2.50 ng/g. Accumulation of NP and OP were highest among the samples gathered in summer (July 2008), while concentrations of BP, E2, and E1 did not much differs within 3 years. EDC levels in Paraprionospio sp. were apparently greater than those in sediments showing bioaccumulation.     

Effects of prenatal exposure to bisphenols on newborn leucocyte telomere length: a prospective birth cohort study in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Telomere length (TL) at birth is related to diseases that may arise in the future and long-term health. Bisphenols exhibit toxic effects and can cross...     

Mercury pollution in a mining area of Guizhou,China: Fluxes over contaminated surfaces and concentrations in air,biological and geological samples

A dynamic flux chamber has been used to estimate fluxes of mercury over different types of surfaces in an abandoned open‐cut mine of Tongren prefecture, Guizhou province, China during spring and summer of 1996. The highest fluxes were obtained over cinnabar slag and contaminated soils, whereas the emissions above cinnabar ore were substantially lower. These fluxes was scaled up to estimate the contribution of mercury emissions to air from mercury wastes, compared to anthropogenic activities in the province of Guizhou, China. Atmospheric mercury concentrations measured were enhanced in the mining area (<1.3 μg m^‐3) compared to regional background sites (1.8–5.1 ng m^‐3). The spreading of mercury was estimated by using biological and geological samples. Moss bags have been employed to estimate long‐time dry‐ and wet‐deposition to this area.     

煤矿顶板冒落预报的分形研究

应用分形理论，研究了煤矿顶板运动过程中所表现的分形特征，提出了用顶板下沉速度的分数维值的变化预报顶板来压、冒落的方法，使得预报顶板来压、冒落的指标定量化成为可能，预报更加科学，把预报的理论与方法推进到新阶段。这对保障煤矿生产安全具有重要的应用价值。     

论建立和完善我国环境税

本文在重新认识税收作用、资源价值和税收优惠政策的基础上,提出了建立环境税、完善资源能源税、逐步实施费改税、公平税负与对等环境税附加的建议。