惠州西湖生态修复对浮游植物的影响

2007年广东惠州西湖子湖-南湖采用水生植被构建和修复等措施改变湖泊水质。通过2010年2月至11月对南湖和未修复的平湖的浮游植物群落的调查比较,研究湖泊生态系统修复对浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果表明：（1）南湖的浮游植物多样性指数高于平湖,两者峰值分别为1.93（nit）,0.88（nit）,分别在8月和2月,两湖均呈现2、8月高峰,5、11月低谷的变化特征。（2）南湖的浮游植物群落呈隐藻-绿藻（四尾栅藻Scenedesmus quadricuda）-甲藻（多甲藻Peridinium sp.）变化模式,平湖则全年以蓝藻门占绝对优势,优势种为银灰平列藻（Merismipedia sp.）和湖丝藻（Limnolothix sp.）。（3）南湖浮游植物的生物量和细胞丰度的平均值均远低于平湖。由此可知,重建水生植被为主的生态修复手段是抑制浮游植物发展和改善湖泊水环境的有效途径。     

区域水环境规划决策支持系统初步研究

本文对区域水环境规划决策支持系统的总体结构进行介绍，论述了系统数据库，知识库，模型库的设计思路，结果表明系统可作为水环境规划的有效辅助工具，同时对该系统进一步开发完善了进行了探讨。     

水体系中正癸烯的光催化降解

以中压汞灯为光源 ,研究了水体系中正癸烯 (n C10 H2 0 )在TiO2 光催化氧化作用下的降解。结果表明 ,降解反应符合一级动力学方程 ;n C10 H2 0 在不同粒径TiO2 下的反应速率常数k为 6 .80— 9.90× 10 -3 min-1(在 30 0W中压汞灯下 ) ,其值随粒径的增加而降低 ;在相同粒径下 ,k值随光强增加而增大。同时测定了在水体中掺杂 1wt% (即过渡金属质量占Ti原子质量的百分数 )的过渡金属离子时 ,n C10 H2 0 的光降解速率常数k为 11.4— 15 .9× 10 -3 min-1,因而其对光降解的影响顺序是 :Ag+ >Fe3 + >Pb2 + >Fe2 + >Zn2 + >Mn2 + 。产物经GC/MS分析表明 ,水体中n C10 H2 0 光催化降解生成辛醛、壬醛、癸醛和 2 癸酮。     

基于模糊综合识别技术的粉尘危害评价应用研究

针对目前粉尘危害评价存在的不足,采用最优权法确定各评价指标的权系数,利用模糊识别技术对粉尘危害程度进行综合评价,初步建立了粉尘危害评价指标体系和评价分级标准.结合某矿山实例,对粉尘危害进行模糊综合评价.评价结果表明,模糊综合识别技术能够较好反应实际情况,是一种有效的评价方法,对粉尘防治工作具有一定的指导意义.     

油烟道火灾事故模糊事故树分析

本文利用事故树分析法对饮食业油烟道火灾进行分析,结合油烟道火灾事故案例建立事故树.从模糊概率排序以及分级可以得到,饮食业油烟道油垢没有及时清理是导致火灾的最危险的因素.因此要对这个因素进行严格管理.     

铁路线路坡度对列车运行能耗的影响分析

基于列车运行功能转化方程,分析铁路线路坡度对列车运行能耗的影响,阐述线路坡度起伏、拔起高度、节能坡等选线设计要素对列车运行能耗的影响机理,得出坡度对列车运行能耗影响显著、线路起伏在相应的"临界坡度"值以下对列车运行能耗无影响、拔起高度与下坡坡段长度比值可近似判别线路方案的节能状态等结论,以期为铁路线路选线提供能耗影响方...     

薏米人工湿地根系分解及其铬元素的释放和化学形态变化

利用湿生植物薏米构建垂直流人工湿地,研究了不同浓度Cr6+(0、20、40 mg·L-1)处理对湿地植物薏米根系分解及铬元素含量和形态分布的影响,以期为研究根系中Cr的累积、形态转变及人工湿地高效处理含铬废水技术提供理论支持.结果表明:薏米根系前30 d分解快速,之后分解缓慢;20、40 mg·L-1Cr6+处理与对照相比,根系的分解速率分别降低了40.63%、55.56%.分解前期(0~45 d)根残体对Cr具有较强的吸附能力,分解后期(45~60 d)根残体吸附能力减弱,根残体的Cr含量为先升高后降低,分解60 d后根残体释放出Cr.分解过程中重金属活性较强的乙醇提取态(F1)和去离子水结合态(F2)的含量均显著降低;在分解60 d后,Cr6+胁迫下根残留体内Cr以醋酸提取态(F4)含量最高,其他形态次之;不处理Cr6+根残体内Cr以残渣态(F6)为主要优势,百分比高达76.76%.本研究表明,分解过程中根内Cr含量呈先增高后降低的趋势,Cr6+胁迫下降低了根系分解率,但没有提高Cr的生物活性.     

High speed ball nose end milling of hardened AISI A2 tool steel with PCBN and coated carbide tools

High speed machining (HSM) of tool steels in their hardened state is emerging as an attractive approach for the mold and die industry due to its potential for significant cost savings and productivity improvement. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the tool wear mechanism and surface integrity in high speed ball nose end milling of hardened AISI A2 tool steel using coated tungsten carbide and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tools. It is found that coated carbide tools can only be used at low speed (120 m/min) while high content PCBN tools are suitable for HSM range (470 m/min). PCBN tools produce a damage free workpiece with better surface finish and less work hardening. Despite the higher tool cost, HSM with PCBN tools lead to reduction in both total cost and production time per part.     

Alternating nitrogen feeding strategy induced aerobic granulation: Influencing conditions and mechanism

Effective cultivation of stable aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a crucial step in the successful application of this technology, and the formation of AGS could be facilitated by some environmental stress conditions. Four identical sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were established to investigate the aerobic granulation process under the same alternating ammonia nitrogen feeding strategy superimposed with different environmental conditions (inorganic carbon source, temperature, N/COD). Although various superimposed conditions induced a significant difference in the size, settling velocity, mechanic strength of AGS, mature aerobic granules could be successfully obtained in all four reactors after 70 days' operation, indicating the alternating ammonia nitrogen feeding strategy was the most critical factor for AGS formation. Based on the results of redundancy analysis, the presence of an inorganic carbon source could facilitate the cultivation of AGS with nitrification function, while the moderate temperature and fluctuant N/COD might benefit the cultivation of more stable AGS. In addition, superimposed stress conditions could result in the difference in the microbial population between four reactors, but the population diversity and abundance of microorganisms were not the determinants of AGS formation. This study provided an effective method for the cultivation of AGS by using alternating ammonia nitrogen feeding strategy.