铁屑微电解法处理农药废水的研究

铁屑微电解法能有效去除农药 (三唑磷、田安、杀虫双和单杀虫 )生产废水中的CODCr、色度、As、氨氮、有机磷和总磷。去除率分别可达 76 .2 %、80 %、6 9.2 %、5 5 .7%、82 .7%和 6 2 .8% ;与铁盐混凝法相比 ,微电解法能更有效地去除污染物 ,提高废水的可生化性     

二氧化硫亚慢性染毒对大鼠肺细胞DNA的损伤

为了探讨低浓度SO2长期暴露对哺乳动物肺细胞DNA的影响,采用动式吸入法(SO2浓度为28mg/m3)对Wistar大鼠染毒30d,运用单细胞凝胶电泳技术(彗星试验)研究了SO2亚慢性染毒对大鼠肺细胞DNA的损伤作用.结果表明,SO2可引起雌、雄性大鼠肺细胞核DNA迁移长度显著增加(P<0.01),且SO2对雄性小鼠肺细胞DNA损伤比雌性小鼠严重;经染毒后,与对照组相比,大鼠的体重减轻,肺体比增加.这些结果表明,较低浓度的SO2也具有引起哺乳动物肺细胞DNA突变的潜在危险.表3参15     

Long-term effects of antibiotics,norfloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole,in a partial life-cycle study with zebrafish (Danio rerio): effects on growth,development, and reproduction

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A partial life-cycle study with zebrafish (Danio rerio) was conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of antibiotics, norfloxacin (NOR) and...     

包膜与氢醌结合对尿素释放及水解的影响

通过探讨尿素和脲酶抑制剂氢醌被共同包被后二者在土壤中的溶出行为及其对尿素水解的控制,阐明此类肥料减缓尿素水解的机理,为此类肥料的开发和农业应用提供一定的理论依据.采用室内摸拟培养的方法开展:(1)尿素和脲酶抑制剂氢醌被共同包被后二者在土壤中的溶出行为.(2)添加氢醌尿素、包膜型尿素、尿素和脲酶抑制剂氢醌被共同包被后尿素在土壤中的水解特征.尿素和氢醌共包被肥料中尿素和氢醌的溶出高峰期同步,但氢醌从包膜中溶出的速率明显快于尿素;氢醌的添加减缓了尿素的水解进程,包膜型肥料释放到土壤中的尿素没有立即完全水解,而是发生了明显的水解滞后现象,但尿素水解速率的最大值明显高于尿素溶出速率的最大值,与包膜型肥料相比,尿素与氢醌共包被的尿素水解也有明显的滞后现象但其尿素水解速率的高峰值明显低于尿素溶出速率的高峰值;尿素在土壤中的水解速率决定性地影响着土壤pH的变化.包膜与氢醌的结合更加有效地控制了尿素的水解过程,尿素和氢醌的同时缓慢溶出使尿素的水解过程更加平缓,有效避免了尿素水解的激增现象,此种肥料的施用有利于减缓NH3的毒害及NH3的挥发损失.     

Bioaccumulation and regional distribution of trace metals in fish of the Tibetan Plateau

There are limited data on trace metals in the fishes of the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, 62 fish samples were collected from six alpine lakes and a river to investigate the levels and spatial variations of trace metals across the Tibetan Plateau. The concentrations of nine trace elements in fish samples were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer after microwave digestion. Results showed the metal concentrations in the fish muscles had the following ranges: Cr 0.09–0.74 mg/kg, Mn 0.38–4.49 mg/kg, Ni 0.06–0.91 mg/kg, Cu 1.00–32.2 mg/kg, Zn 13.1–102.5 mg/kg, As 0.12–3.10 mg/kg, Pb 0.46–3.22 mg/kg, Ba 0.60–4.93 mg/kg, and Se 0.77–9.38 mg/kg on a dry weight basis, respectively. All the lake-averaged metal concentrations in the fish muscle were below the maximum permissible levels set by the Chinese food health criterion (GB2762-2012). The results were analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques to identify the major factors explaining the variance of metal concentrations in the alpine lakes. This work provides baseline data on metal pollution in common fish species of the Tibetan Plateau, contributing to the effective evaluation of both the environmental quality and health status of organisms in the aquatic ecosystem.     

Effects of tetrahydrofuran on dissolved oxygen,pH, culturable aerobic microbes and enzyme activity in wastewater

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is easy to volatilize and hard to biodegrade. Little is known about the influence and fate of tetrahydrofuran in the environment. The effects of THF were examined on dissolved oxygen, pH, culturable aerobic microbes (bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi) and four selected enzymes (protease, phosphatase, amylase, and lipase) in wastewater. The wastewater containing some activated sludge was taken from the aeration basin in Sibao sewage plant in Hangzhou, China. THF at lower concentrations of enhanced aerobic respiration and higher concentrations decreased utilization of oxygen in wastewater. The short-term influence of THF on pH was not obvious, but the long-term effect was apparent. Inhibition of THF on culturable aerobic microbes rose with increasing THF concentrations but decreased with prolongation of incubation time. No effect of THF on the activity of protease, phosphatase, amylase, and lipase was found. Data indicate that lower concentrations of THF exert no marked influence on wastewater in an urban sewage plant.     

乌鲁木齐—成都 114／113次 旅客列车噪声监测分析

对乌鲁木齐至成都旅客列车车厢内的噪声监测表明,一般情况下车厢内噪声等效A声级不超过铁道部部颁标准要求(TB1932-87).在车厢机械陈旧、路况复杂、隧道、狭谷等情况下,车厢乘务室内噪声等效A声级可达74.9～84.6dB(A),最高超标9.6dB(A),全程超标2.2dB(A).     

山区高速公路局地团雾灾害的交通安全保障

为保障德上山区高速公路交通安全,介绍了团雾的形成机理和危害,依据团雾形成条件,识别了德上高速公路易发团雾路段,建议了雾区交通安全监控系统;在交通安全保障设施建设上,建议建设道路雾天引导系统、长大下坡和小半径路段安全工程设施和交通安全服务设施,实施雾区四级交通管制。     

非煤矿山安全信息管理系统的开发

阐述了安全信息在矿山安全管理中的重要性，对比了传统和现代的安全信息管理模式，结合某非煤矿山开发了矿山安全信息管理系统软件。该软件包括信息录入、查询统计、数据报表和数据字典等模块，满足了矿山安全信息的需要。     

Biological effects of citalopram in a suspended sediment-water system on Daphnia magna

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Suspended sediment (SPS) plays an important role in the aquatic ecosystems. Selective serotonin uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used...