面向污染场地的环境修复功能材料

在回顾环境功能材料研究进展的基础上,将材料按功效分为固化/稳定化材料、氧化还原剂类材料以及催化剂类材料,重点对固化/稳定化材料进行了介绍。根据环境材料科学的发展前沿提出了污染场地环境修复功能材料的发展趋势,并总结了功能材料开发与应用中的一些问题。     

环境监测人员持证上岗理论考试命题软件设计和开发研究

密切结合环境监测人员持证上岗考核工作需要,以《环境监测人员持证上岗考核试题集》为基础题库,设计并开发了环境监测人员持证上岗理论考试命题软件,实现了申报、组卷、证书的一体化系统管理,有效地解决了由于考核对象广泛、岗位设置多样、考核项目和监测方法繁多等带来的命题工作量大、内容不易均衡等难题,克服了命题过程中的个人主观因素影...     

Rhodamine B dye staining for visualizing microplastics in laboratory-based studies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the recent years, microplastics have attracted much attention as new emerging environmental pollutants. Previously, several studies were performed...     

科学扩大基层民主努力构建和谐社会

本文认为,民主是一个政党健康发展的根本保证.而对"什么是民主","怎样建设和发展民主"的科学回答则是民主上述功能发挥的基本前提.民主既是对专制和独裁的否定,同时又是对建立在个人自由主义基础上的极端民主化和无政府主义的否定.我们必须在"科学发展观"这一基本理念的统领下进行包括扩大基层民主在内的民主政治建设-在扩大基层民主方面既不能徘徊不前,更不能搞"大跃进";既要整体推进,但又不能搞"一刀切";既要扩大和发展民主,又要讲求和兼顾科学与效率.只有把扩大基层民主置于"科学发展观"这一基本理念之上,才能有助于推进和谐社会建设.     

关于小城镇产业发展问题的思考

小城镇建设与产业发展关系密切。研究小城镇必须研究小城镇的产业发展问题。本文分析了我国小城镇产业发展的现状，指出了小城镇产业发展存在的问题，并提出了小城镇产业发展的原则和对策。     

充分利用资源优势,推进涪陵开发开放

阐述了涪陵市的资源优势和开发开放的经济社会环境，提出了进一步推进开发开放的主要对策措施。     

长江,嘉陵江重庆城区段流管划分及其水力学参数的确定

用作水流平面图的方法来计算河流累积流量，根据确定的流管系数对累积流量曲线进行分割，求得二维水质数学模型所需的流管宽度，水深和平均流速等水力学参数。     

辽宁省的岩溶塌陷灾害及其预测

本文在分析辽宁省已有的岩溶塌陷灾害资料的基础上，对其形成条件进行了讨论，认为可溶性岩石，复杂的断裂构造，一定厚度的覆盖层是产生岩溶塌陷的必备条件，过量抽取地下水，降雨和地震是诱发因素，文章最后对可能发生这类灾害的危险区作了预测。     

Modeling study on the roles of the deposition and transport of PM2.5 in air quality changes over central-eastern China

The role of PM_2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 2.5 µm) deposition in air quality changes over China remains unclear. By using the three-year (2013, 2015, and 2017) simulation results of the WRF/CUACE v1.0 model from a previous work (Zhang et al., 2021), a non-linear relationship between the deposition of PM_2.5 and anthropogenic emissions over central-eastern China in cold seasons as well as in different life stages of haze events was unraveled. PM_2.5 deposition is spatially distributed differently from PM_2.5 concentrations and anthropogenic emissions over China. The North China Plain (NCP) is typically characterized by higher anthropogenic emissions compared to southern China, such as the middle-low reaches of Yangtze River (MLYR), which includes parts of the Yangtze River Delta and the Midwest. However, PM_2.5 deposition in the NCP is significantly lower than that in the MLYR region, suggesting that in addition to meteorology and emissions, lower deposition is another important factor in the increase in haze levels. Regional transport of pollution in central-eastern China acts as a moderator of pollution levels in different regions, for example by bringing pollution from the NCP to the MLYR region in cold seasons. It was found that in typical haze events the deposition flux of PM_2.5 during the removal stages is substantially higher than that in accumulation stages, with most of the PM_2.5 being transported southward and deposited to the MLYR and Sichuan Basin region, corresponding to a latitude range of about 24°N-31°N.     

Arsenic mobilization from soils in the presence of herbicides

Arsenic(As) mobilization in soils is a fundamental step controlling its transport and fate,especially in the presence of the co-existing components. In this study, the effect of two commonly used herbicides, glyphosate(PMG) and dicamba, and two competing ions including phosphate and humic acid, on As desorption and release was investigated using batch and column experiments. The batch kinetics results showed that As desorption in the presence of competing factors conformed to the pseudo-second order kinetics at pH range of 5–9. The impact of phosphate on desorption was greatest, followed by PMG. The competitive effect of dicamba and humic acid was at the same level with electrolyte solution. In situ flow cell ATR-FTIR analysis was performed to explore the mechanism of phosphate and PMG impact on As mobilization. The results showed that PMG promoted As(Ⅲ) desorption by competiting for available adsorption sites with no change in As(Ⅲ)complexing structure. On the other hand, phophate changed As(Ⅲ) surface complexes from bidentate to monodentate structures, exhibiting the most siginficant effect on As(Ⅲ)desorption. As(Ⅴ) surface complexes remained unchanged in the presence of PMG and phosphate, implying that the competitive effect for As(Ⅴ) desorption was primarily determined by the available adsorption sites. Long-term(10 days) soil column experiments suggested that the effect of humic acid on As mobilization became pronounced from 3 days(18 PVs). The insights of this study help us understand the transport and fate of As due to herbicides application.