高压静电场对火电厂循环冷却水阻垢效果及机理

利用双通道工业循环冷却水分析测试台和高压静电水处理器,对火电厂的冷却水进行阻垢效果和机理研究。结果表明,施加工作电压2．0～4．0kV时,平均阻垢率随电压的升高而增大,达到61．7％,以后随着电压的升高平均阻垢率呈下降趋势,在7．5kV电压作用下平均阻垢率43．4％。对垢样晶体的SEM扫描图片表明,经高压静电场处理前的水垢晶体以方解石型硬垢为主,处理后发生了晶型转化,转化为文石型软垢,有利于垢的去除。     

采油队安全巡视管理系统的试验与应用

介绍了采油队安全生产巡视管理系统的组成、系统配置与工作过程，叙述了试验与应用情况，分析了其经济效益和社会效益与推广应用前景。     

游梁式抽油机的危险分析与防范措施

分析了游梁式抽油机在运行和维修作业过程中存在的平衡块旋转危险、皮带传动危险、减速箱高处作业危险、电机漏电危险、操作台高处作业危险、电机电缆漏电危险、节电控制箱漏电危险、刹车失灵危险、毛辫子悬绳器危险和攀梯危险,有针对性地提出了防范措施.     

Occurrence and formation potential of nitrosamines in river water and ground water along the Songhua River, China

The presence of mutagenic and carcinogenic nitrosamines in water is of great concern. In this study, seven nitrosamines including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPip), N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA), and N-nitrosodi-n-butyl-amine (NDBA) were investigated in river water and ground water samples collected from 5 representative cities (Jilin, Songyuan, Harbin, Jiamusi and Tongjiang) along the Songhua River. The total concentrations of nitrosamines in ground water were n.d. (not detected) to 60.8 ng/L, NDMA was the most frequently detected nitrosamines in ground water, followed by NDEA and NPip. Relatively high detected frequency and concentrations of NDMA were also observed in river water samples, and the total nitrosamines'' concentration at midstream is always higher than that at upstream and downstream. After 24 hr chlorination, concentration of NDMA, NDBA was obviously increased but NDEA was reduced. Furthermore, UV₂₅₄ showed a better relationship with NDMA-FP rather than dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NH₄-N, and TDN.     

鄂尔多斯盆地油田开发规划环评指标体系构建

鄂尔多斯盆地油田开发规划环评处于探索起步阶段,还未形成一套普遍认可的评价指标体系,2008年对延安市某采油厂油田开发进行了区域开发规划环评。在环境调查、相关方走访及规划方案分析、环境影响识别的基础上,结合当地自然环境、社会环境特征,构建该规划环评的三级指标体系。从多方面对本指标体系结构进行剖析,归纳出鄂尔多斯盆地油田开发规划环评指标体系构建应满足的原则和基本要求。     

不同劳动强度下人体呼吸参数变化实验研究

人体呼吸参数对呼吸防护装备内部微环境的稳定性至关重要，为获得不同劳动强度下人体呼吸参数及变化规律，以相对心率指数表征劳动强度等级并设计构建呼吸参数采集系统。通过开展多人次不同劳动强度呼吸实验，记录实时瞬时心率、呼吸压力、呼吸频率数据并采集呼出气样本，进行气相色谱分析。研究结果表明:相对心率指数能够消除劳动强度表征中的个体差异及劳动形式差异，对劳动强度具有良好表征作用；呼吸压力及频率随劳动强度增加呈现增强和变大的趋势；心率及呼吸压力信号的样本熵显示，心率稳定性随劳动强度的增加而降低，呼吸模式稳定性则增强；呼出气中O2含量随劳动强度增加而降低，CO2与H2O含量呈现增长趋势，绝对变化量及变化比例随劳动强度不同呈现明显差异。     

矿井突水预测的多源信息方法应用研究

在对国内外近年应用地理信息系统（GIS）解决地质学问题进行简要评述的基础上，通过实例阐述了借助于GIS技术，采用多源信息方法进行煤矿区突水预测的方法与步骤及预测结果。并展望了该方法在矿井突水预测中的应用前景。     

Removal of metals by sorghum plants from contaminated land

The growth of high biomass crops facilitated by optimal of agronomic practices has been considered as an alternative to phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals. A field trial was carried out to evaluate the phytoextraction efficiency of heavy metals by three varieties of sweet sorghum (Sorghum biocolor L.), a high biomass energy plant. Ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA), ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) and ammonium sulphate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) were tested for their abilities to enhance the removal of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu by sweet sorghum from a contaminated agricultural soil. Sorghum plants always achieved the greatest removal of Pb by leaves and the greatest removal of Cd, Zn and Cu by stems. There was no significant difference among the Keller, Rio and Mray varieties of sweet sorghums in accumulating heavy metals. EDTA treatment was more efficient than ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate in promoting Pb accumulation in sweet sorghum from the contaminated agricultural soil. The application of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate increased the accumulation of both Zn and Cd in roots of sorghum plants. Results from this study suggest that cropping of sorghum plants facilitated by agronomic practices may be a sustainable technique for partial decontamination of heavy metal contaminated soils.     

一种新型油管吊卡的研制与应用

介绍了新型吊卡销的结构和原理与安全性,剖析了可更换小月牙式油管吊卡的经济效益和推广应用前景。