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981.
982.
石油污染对海洋生态环境的影响与防治对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了石油污染对海洋生态环境的影响,提出了预防泄漏措施. 相似文献
983.
New advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for bioremediation 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are bacteria capable of promoting plant growth by colonizing the plant root. For a long period PGPR were mainly used for assisting plants to uptake nutrients from the environment or preventing plant diseases. Phytoremediation is a new and promising approach to remove contaminants in the environment. But using plants alone for remediation confronts many limitations. Recently, the application of PGPR has been extended to remediate contaminated soils in association with plants. Of all the present contaminants, the profound impacts of organic and heavy metal pollutants have attracted world wide attention. Here we review the progress of PGPR for remediation of soils contaminated with these two sources. 相似文献
984.
Yuzhu Dong Shanghua Wu Haonan Fan Xianglong Li Yijing Li Shengjun Xu Zhihui Bai Xuliang Zhuang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(2):82-93
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are ubiquitous priority pollutants that cause great damage to the natural environment and health. Average genome size in a community is critical for shedding light on microbiome’s functional response to pollution stress within an environment. Here, microcosms under different concentrations were performed to evaluate the selection of PAHs stress on the average genome size in a community. We found the distinct communities of significantly larger genome size w... 相似文献
985.
986.
Qing YE Donghui LI Jun ZHAO Jiansheng ZHAO Tianfang KANG Shuiyuan CHENG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(4):497-504
Au-supported 13X-type zeolite (Au/13X) was synthesized using a common deposition–precipitation (DP) method with a solution of sodium carbonate as a precipitate agent. Further testing was conducted to test for catalytic oxidation of CO. A study was conducted on the effects of different preparation conditions (i.e., chloroauric acid concentration, solution temperature, pH of solution, and calcinations temperature) on Au/13X for CO oxidation. In respect to the catalytic activity, the relationship between different the preparation conditions and gold particles in 13X zeolite was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, TEM and XPS. The activity of Au/13X catalysts in CO oxidation was dependent on the chloroauric acid concentration. From XRD results, a higher chloroauric acid concentration induced larger gold nanoparticles, which resulted in lower catalytic activity. Results revealed that higher temperatures induced higher Au loading, homogeneous deposit, and smaller gold clusters on the support of 13X, resulting in higher CO activity. Furthermore, a pH of 5 or 6 generated greater amounts of Au loading and smaller Au particles on 13X than at a pH of 8 or 9. This may be a result of an effective exchange between A u ( O H ) 2 C l 2 - and Au(OH)3Cl- on specific surface sites of zeolite under the pH’s 5 and 6. The sample calcined at 300°C showed the highest activity, which may be due to the sample’s calcined at 200°C inability to decompose completely to metallic gold while the sample calcined at 400°C had larger particles of gold deposited on the support. It can be concluded from this study that Au/13X prepared from a gold solution with an initial chloroauric acid solution concentration of 1.5 × 10-3 mol·L-1 gold solution pH of 6, solution temperature of around 90°C, and a calcination temperature of 300°C provides optimum catalytic activity for CO oxidation. 相似文献
987.
Rongchang WANG Xinmin ZHAN Yalei ZHANG Jianfu ZHAO 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(1):48-56
Nitrogen removal performance and nitrifying population dynamics were investigated in a redox stratified membrane biofilm reactor (RSMBR) under oxygen limited condition to treat ammonium-rich wastewater. When the N H 4 + - N loading rate increased from 11.1±1.0 to 37.2 ± 3.2 g N H 4 + - N · m - 2 · d - 1 , the nitrogen removal in the RSMBR system increased from 18.0±9.6 mgN·d-1 to 128.9±61.7 mgN·d-1. Shortcut nitrogen removal was achieved with nitrite accumulation of about 22.3 ± 5.3 m g N O 2 - - N · L - 1 . Confocal micrographs showed the stratified distributions of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in the membrane aerated biofilms (MABs) at day 120, i.e., ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (AOB and NOB) were dominant in the region adjacent to the membrane, while heterotrophic bacteria propagated at the top of the biofilm. Real-time qPCR results showed that the abundance of amoA gene was two orders of magnitude higher than the abundance of nxrA gene in the MABs. However, the nxrA gene was always detected during the operation time, which indicates the difficulty of complete washout of NOB in MABs. The growth of heterotrophic bacteria compromised the dominance of nitrifiers in biofilm communities, but it enhanced the denitrification performance of the RSMBR system. Applying a high ammonia loading together with oxygen limitation was found to be an effective way to start nitrite accumulation in MABs, but other approaches were needed to sustain or improve the extent of nitritation in nitrogen conversion in MABs. 相似文献
988.
989.
Siqi Zhang Furui He Xiuqin Fang Xinyu Zhao Yuanyuan Liu Gaobo Yu Yang Zhou Yuhong Feng Jiacheng Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(3):55-63
Soil aggregation plays an important role in agricultural production activities. However, the structure of soil aggregation is destroyed by the natural environment and unreasonable farming management, resulting in the loss of water, fertilizers and pesticides in soil. At present, hydrogels have been widely reported to promote the formation of soil aggregation. In this paper, amphiphilic calcium alginate (ASA/Ca2+) was applied to promote the formation of soil aggregation and enhance pesticide retention. Initially, an ASA was obtained through the one-pot Ugi condensation (a four-component green chemical reaction). Then, ASA/Ca2+ hydrogel is prepared by Ca2+ cross-linking. The formation of soil aggregation was determined through the Turbiscan Lab Expert stability analyzer, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). And the effect of soil aggregation on acetamiprid environmental behavior was investigated by adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and leaching. The results shown that the three-dimensional network structure of ASA/Ca2+ hydrogel can promote the formation of soil aggregation. Aggregate durability index (ADI) was 0.55 in the presence of ASA/Ca2+ hydrogel, indicating that amphiphilic hydrogel can enhance the stability of soil aggregation. The adsorbing capacity of acetamiprid was 1.58 times higher than pure soil, and the release of acetamiprid only about 20% in the presence of ASA/Ca2+ hydrogel. These results would be helpful for the formation of soil aggregation and pesticides adsorption on soil aggregation. Thus, ASA/Ca2+ hydrogel is likely to improve soil quality, simultaneously it can minimize the mobility of pesticides in the agricultural system. 相似文献
990.
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Rigid Foam Based on Epoxidized Soybean Oil 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Li-Ting Yang Cheng-Shan Zhao Chun-Lan Dai Li-Yu Fu Shao-Quan Lin 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(1):230-236
A soypolyol based on epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was prepared in the presence of HBF4 and diethanolamine (DEA) was used as ring opener. A series of polyurethane rigid foam were prepared by mixing polyol with
TDI using an isocyanate index of 1.1. The polyol used in this paper were a mixture of soypolyol and a commercial PL-5601 polyester
polyol and the mass fraction of PL-5601 was in the range of 0–60%. The thermal properties of the resins were characterized
by DSC and TG. The results showed that these rigid foams possess high thermal stability. There were two glass transition temperature
of each foam and Tg1 was increasing with the increasing of OH value. The compression strength of the foam was also recorded, and the effect of
mass ratio of soypolyol and PL-5601 polyester polyol on the compression strength was discussed. 相似文献