城市交通机动车污染控制研究进展

城市交通机动车污染问题非常复杂，在许多不可控因素，城市交通是一个动态系统，污染物排放量始终处于变化之中，控制城市交通污染，必须严格控制机动车排放，该文介绍了国内外对城市机动车污染控制研究的概况，以及几种城市中污染物扩散的模型，展望了这方面研究前发展趋势，并提出了可持续发展的效能系统设计与管理的新概念。     

Chemical characteristics of cloudwater over Maoer Mountain district

Samples of cloudwater, rainwater and ambient aerosol were collected over Maoer Mountain in the northeast of Guangxi Province in March 1988. The pH value of cloudwater ranged from 3.37 to 6.20 with a mean value of 4.34. SO42- , NO3- , NH4+, Ca2+ and H+ were the principal ionic species of cloudwater. The advance of cold fronts into Maoer Mountain appeared to lead to higher major ionic concentration and acidity than that of warm fronts. The relative acidity and concentration of NO3- of cloudwater were much greater than that of aerosol samples. With the exception of. NO3- and H+, most of the concentration of SO42- and NH4+ in cloudwater came from the nucleation scavenging of aerosol. Gaseous nitric acid and organic acid from local may be one of the important source of cloudwater acidity. Compared with other sites, Maoer Mountain can be as a clean contrast station for studying acidic precipitation in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.     

我国农药废水的处理现状及发展趋势

随着我国农药产量的逐年提高，农药废水的处理形势也日益严峻，因此农药废水处理的新工艺、新方法成为科研工作者研究的热点。根据文献资料，概述了农药废水的种类、特点及其处理方法，主要包括物理法，化学法和生物化学法，以及近些年发展的磁分离法和超声波技术处理法，并叙述了目前我国有机磷、有机氯、有机硫等农药废水的处理现状及研究成果。同时指出了新技术、新工艺的研究及实行清洁生产制度将成为我国农药废水处理技术的发展趋势。     

内电解组合工艺处理重度富营养化水体的初步中试试验

采用催化铁内电解-沸石床-生物活性炭组合工艺进行了处理重度富营养化水的中试试验.通过对进水与出水浊度、TP、CODMn、UV254、总铁、NH3-N、和NO2--N的监测,研究了本组合工艺对重度富营养化水体的处理性能.试验期间,水温约在10℃.初步结果表明,本组合工艺对浊度、TP、CODMn和UV254均有较好的去除作用,平均去除率达到50%以上,出水中铁含量均低于进水.由于水温过低,未观察到氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的明显变化.     

Impact of triazophos insecticide on paddy soil environment

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＲｉｃｅｉｓｔｈｅｓｔａｐｌｅｄｉｅｔａｒｏｕｎｄ 3 0 %ｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄａｒｏｕｎｄ 60 %ｏｆｔｈｅＡｓｉａｎｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ .Ｔｈｉｓｃｒｏｐｉｓｐｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｌｙｏｒｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅｄｕｎｄｅｒｓｕｂｍｅｒｇｅｄｓｏｉｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｒｅａｓｏｎｓｏｆｂｅｔｔｅｒｙｉｅｌｄｓａｎｄｔｏｐｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｓｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎｓ(Ｒｅｉｃｈａｒｄｔ,1 997) .Ｔｈｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｃｅｏｆｓｏｉｌｍ…     

GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用

根据环境监测的特点和地理信息系统(GIS)所具备的功能,讨论了GIS与环境监测结合的必要性,按照环境监测的目的不同分环境质量监测、污染源监督监测和应急监测三个方面阐述GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的具体应用,并利用现有的一些基于GIS的环境监测信息系统实例进行进一步说明GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用,充分发挥了GIS空间信息表达处理及综合分析的优势,使得环境监测数据的管理分析更加快速、实时、有效.随着GIS技术的发展,GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用也将获得源源不绝的驱动力.     

黄浦江上游水源地环境管理方案研究

鉴于黄浦江上游水源地对整个上海市饮用水的重要性,本文提出了该水源地的环境综合管理体系,即构建管理层、操作层和协调监督层,通过三者间的协调合作来优化水源地的综合环境管理.并以此为基础,针对黄浦江水源地在常规状态,提出基于流域协定的常规管理、企业经营市场化、转换政府管理职能三项措施;针对突发性水源污染事故情况,提出建立事故防御体系、快速响应体系,以期为水源地的发展与保护提供参与综合决策的科学依据.     

电子垃圾的循环利用

电子垃圾成为当今面临的亟待解决的难题,用科学的发展观对国内外垃圾回收循环利用实例,特别是我国在电子垃圾处理方面的举措进行了认真分析和阐述,提出以循环经济、资源的利用回收解决环境问题的具体措施和建议。     

Fe(Ⅲ,Ⅱ)/H2O2体系中Fe(Ⅲ)水解特征的对比

利用Fe Ferron逐时络合比色法对类Fenton与Fenton体系中Fe(Ⅲ )水解形态的转化规律进行了比较 .结果表明 ,水解度越高 ,两体系中Fe(Ⅲ )的水解速度也越快 ,但水解度相同时 ,与Fenton体系相比 ,类Fenton反应生成的Fe(Ⅲ )的水解速率要低 ,且Feb 所占比例也较少 .与Fenton体系一致 ,类Fenton体系中的Fe(Ⅲ )水解速率随H2 O2 浓度的增加而减缓     

Application of Bayesian regularized BP neural network model for analysis of aquatic ecological data-A case study of chlorophyll-a prediction in Nanzui water area of Dongting Lake

Bayesian regularized BP neural network（BRBPNN） technique was applied in the chlorophyll-α prediction of Nanzui water area in Dongting Lake. Through BP network interpolation method, the input and output samples of the network were obtained. After the selection of input variables using stepwise/multiple linear regression method in SPSS i1.0 software, the BRBPNN model was established between chlorophyll-α and environmental parameters, biological parameters. The achieved optimal network structure was 3-11-1 with the correlation coefficients and the mean square errors for the training set and the test set as 0.999 and 0.000？8426, 0.981 and 0.0216 respectively. The sum of square weights between each input neuron and the hidden layer of optimal BRBPNN models of different structures indicated that the effect of individual input parameter on chlorophyll- α declined in the order of alga amount 〉 secchi disc depth（SD） 〉 electrical conductivity （EC）. Additionally, it also demonstrated that the contributions of these three factors were the maximal for the change of chlorophyll-α concentration, total phosphorus（TP） and total nitrogen（TN） were the minimal. All the results showed that BRBPNN model was capable of automated regularization parameter selection and thus it may ensure the excellent generation ability and robustness. Thus, this study laid the foundation for the application of BRBPNN model in the analysis of aquatic ecological data（chlorophyll-α prediction） and the explanation about the effective eutrophication treatment measures for Nanzui water area in Dongting Lake.