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601.
通过大气细颗粒物实时在线源解析技术(质谱直接测量法)采集录入淮安市市区部分特征污染源排放成分谱,对淮安市大气细颗粒物进行在线源解析,获取高时间分辨的颗粒物源解析结果,分析颗粒物来源、季度变化和重污染天气的污染过程,评估形成重污染过程的污染影响因子和影响程度,为区域大气污染综合整治提供重要目标指向,同时也为淮安环境空气PM2.5重度污染实时预警与监控、大气污染源减排方案评估、污染事件监控等提供有效的在线监测技术平台. 相似文献
602.
In this study, a lab-scale biological anaerobic/anaerobic/anoxic/membrane bioreactor(A_-~3MBR) was designed to treat wastewater from the ethanol fermentation of food waste,a promising way for the disposal of food waste and reclamation of resources. The 454 pyrosequencing technique was used to investigate the composition of the microbial community in the treatment system. The system yielded a stable effluent concentration of chemical oxygen demand(202 ± 23 mg/L), total nitrogen(62.1 ± 7.1 mg/L), ammonia(0.3 ±0.13 mg/L) and total phosphorus(8.3 ± 0.9 mg/L), and the reactors played different roles in specific pollutant removal. The exploration of the microbial community in the system revealed that:(1) the microbial diversity of anaerobic reactors A_1 and A_2, in which organic pollutants were massively degraded, was much higher than that in anoxic A_3 and aerobic MBR;(2) although the community composition in each reactor was quite different, bacteria assigned to the classes Clostridia, Bacteroidia, and Synergistia were important and common microorganisms for organic pollutant degradation in the anaerobic units, and bacteria from Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were the dominant microbial population in A_3 and MBR;(3) the taxon identification indicated that Arcobacter in the anaerobic reactors and Thauera in the anoxic reactor were two representative genera in the biological process. Our results proved that the biological A_-~3MBR process is an alternative technique for treating wastewater from food waste. 相似文献
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605.
往复隔板絮凝池流场数值模拟及混凝效果分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
对往复隔板絮凝池内的流场进行了数值模拟 ,并根据絮凝池的工作特征分析了水流状态对混凝效果的影响。结果表明絮凝池转弯处过水断面面积A_1 与廊道过水断面面积A_2 的比值A =A_1 / A_2 ,这一影响流场紊流动能的设计参数的最佳范围是 1 2~ 1 5。按此设计参数设计的往复隔板絮凝池模型的混凝反应效率是比较理想的。 相似文献
606.
以欧洲最大的一家垃圾填埋场的运行为实例,分别从集气质量、抽吸负压、投资费用等方面,对垂直气井和横向气管2种不同的集气方式进行分析比较,总结其各自的特点及适用范围,为国内卫生填埋场的建设及运行控制提供参照和建议。 相似文献
607.
可靠性故障物理技术及其应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
简述了可靠性故障物理技术产生的背景、故障物理技术基本概念和故障物理技术应用的基本步骤,介绍了美国马里兰大学开发应用故障物理技术的两个软件。最后简单介绍了故障物理学技术在产品寿命各阶段的应用。 相似文献
608.
不对称信息下的排污监督与管理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环境管理是政府参与环境治理的重要途径,由于信息不对称,环境管理部门对违规排污企业的排放监督问题一直是监察工作的难点。本文利用完全信息静态博弈模型对企业偷排机率进行了理论分析和实证研究。结论表明:增加排污费收取、加大处罚力度及减少监察部门的监察成本将有助于对企业偷排行为的治理,从而达到环境质量治理目标。 相似文献
609.
Phosphorus is a vital nutrient for algal growth, thus, a better understanding of phosphorus availability is essential to mitigate harmful algal blooms in lakes. Wind waves are a ubiquitous characteristic of lake ecosystems. However, its effects on the cycling of organic phosphorus and its usage by phytoplankton remain poorly elucidated in shallow eutrophic lakes. A mesocosm experiment was carried out to investigate the responses of alkaline phosphatase activity fractions to wind waves in large, shallow, eutrophic Lake Taihu. Results showed that wind-driven waves induced the release of alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus from the sediment, and dramatically enhanced phytoplanktonic alkaline phosphatase activity. However, compared to the calm conditions, bacterial and dissolved alkaline phosphatase activity decreased in wind-wave conditions. Consistently, the gene copies of Microcystis phoX increased but bacterial phoX decreased under wind-wave conditions. The ecological effects of these waves on phosphorus and phytoplankton likely accelerated the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus and promoted phytoplankton production in Lake Taihu. This study provides an improved current understanding of phosphorus availability and the phosphorus strategies of plankton in shallow, eutrophic lakes. 相似文献
610.
Yanhui Zhan Jianwei Lin Yanling Qiu Naiyun Gao Zhiliang Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2011,5(1):65-75
Surfactant-modified natural zeolites (SMNZ) with different coverage types were prepared by loading hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium
bromide (HTAB) onto the surface of a natural zeolite. The adsorption behavior of humic acid (HA) on SMNZ was investigated.
Results indicate that the adsorbent SMNZ exhibited a higher affinity toward HA than the natural zeolite. HA removal efficiency
by SMNZ increased with HTAB loading. Coexisting Ca2+ in solution favored HA adsorption onto SMNZ. Adsorption capacity decreased with an increasing solution pH. For typical SMNZ
with bilayer HTAB coverage, HA adsorption process is well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental
isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir model. Calculated maximum HA adsorption capacities for SMNZ with bilayer HTAB
coverage at pH 5.5 and 7.5 were 63 and 41 mg·g−1, respectively. E2/E3 (absorbance at 250 nm to that at 365 nm) and E4/E6 (absorbance at 465 nm to that at 665 nm) ratios of
the residual HA in solution were lower than that of the original HA solution. This indicates that the HA fractions with high
polar functional groups, low molecular weight (MW), and aromaticity had a stronger tendency for adsorption onto SMNZ with
bilayer HTAB coverage. Results show that HTAB-modified natural zeolite is a promising adsorbent for removal of HA from aqueous
solution. 相似文献