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41.
采用自然吸入的暴露方法,通过分析肺灌洗液成分及脾脏淋巴细胞的转化功能,观察碳素厂冷压车间空气对大鼠肺损伤及免疫功能的影响,结果表明,在自然吸入染毒期间,引起大鼠肺灌洗液中乳酸氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和唾液含量或高,肺巨噬细胞及其Fc受体数降低,并且还引起脾脏淋巴细胞的转化能力下降。 相似文献
42.
废水处理方案选择专家系统的设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种用于选择工业废水工艺流程方案的专家系统的设计。该系统采用框架式结构对知识进行描述,用指标函数方程进行各种费用的计算比较,最终得出最佳处理工艺流程方案。 相似文献
43.
根据浮游及底栖动物种群结构和数量分布特点,对秦皇岛市饮马河水质进行了初步评价,评价结果表明,生物监测技术方法可行,简单直观,与化学监测的结果基本一致。饮马河全程水质属于中-重污染。 相似文献
44.
Fugitive road dust (FRD) contributes a great deal to urban rainwater and air pollution and is commonly controlled by water-sprinkling in most Chinese cities. However, there is a lack of information on its effectiveness. We used the Testing Re-entrained Aerosol Kinetic Emissions from Roads (TRAKER) method to monitor different types of roads in Baoding city before and within 1 hr after water-sprinkling and obtained the road dirtiness index (a) and PM concentration in the road environment (), to evaluate the removal efficiency for PM deposited on the road surface () and the reduction efficiency for the PM concentration in the road environment (). The results give that the for three types of roads is ranked: branch road (87%-–100%) > major arterial road (80%-83%) > minor arterial road (68%-77%), and the ranked: minor arterial road (70%) > branch road (46%-58%) > major arterial road (37%-53%). The and varied non-linearly with time and presented a quadratic curve. The average effective control time (> 0) was 62 min on the major and minor arterial roads, and much longer than 1 hr on branch roads. The values diminished completely by 72 min on average from the end of sprinkling for the three types of roads. Water-sprinkling can remove PM10 particles from the road surface and reduce their concentration in the road environment more thoroughly than PM2.5. Our findings could be helpful for controlling urban FRD emissions more efficiently and precisely. 相似文献
45.
Zhu Runliang Zhu Lizhong Zhu Jianxi 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(1):79-82
The purpose of this work is to synthesize a new type of bentonite sorbent that can simultaneously remove both organic compounds
and phosphate from water. Inorganic-organic bentonites (Al-CTMAB-Bent) were synthesized by modifying bentonites with both
AlCl3 and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB). Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto Al-CTMAB-Bent
was examined. Removal rates of phenanthrene and phosphate from water reached 96.3% and 90.2%, respectively, at their respective
initial concentrations of 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L and the added amount of Al-CTMAB-Bent was 1.25 g/L. The residual turbidity of
the Al-CTMAB-Bent suspension decreased 81.4% compared to that of organobentonite suspension after a 1 h settling time. Thus,
inorganic-organic bentonite can be used to treat wastewater containing both organic pollutants and phosphate.
Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1): 91–94 [译自: 环境科学] 相似文献
46.
The train is an important vehicle in China, but its air quality has important impacts on passengers’ health. In this work,
pollution from carbonyl compounds was measured in the air of six trains. The objectives of this work were to investigate carbonyl
compound levels in selected air from trains, identify their emission sources, and assess the intake of carbonyl compounds
for passengers. The methods for sampling and analyzing 10 carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein,
acetone, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, and valeraldehyde in indoor air were
proposed with the sampling efficiency, recovery, and detection limit being 92%–100%, 91%–104%, and 0.26–0.82 ng/m3, respectively. It was indicated that the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds were 0.159–0.2828 mg/m3 with the average concentration of 0.2330 mg/m3. The average concentrations of form aldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 0.0922, 0.0499, and 0.0580 mg/m3, accounting for 42.6%, 21.4%, and 24.9% of the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds, respectively. The carbonyl compounds
probably came from woodwork and cigarette smoking. The intake of carbonyl compounds for the passengers was approximately 0.043–0.076
mg/h. The carbonyl compounds in train air could be harmful to human health.
Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1) 91–94 [译自: 环境科学] 相似文献
47.
复合混凝剂处理印染废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了处理高浓度、高色度、高COD的印染废水,利用硫酸亚铁、工业废酸和金属下脚料自行配制了复合混凝剂,并将其与聚合双酸铝铁、聚合氯化铝铁、硫酸亚铁对印染废水的混凝效果进行对比。研究表明,复合混凝剂处理印染废水具有成本低、效果好的特点。当硫酸亚铁的投加量为200mg/L,复合混凝剂的投加量为1280mg/L,PAM的用量为2mg/L时,脱色率达94.9%,COD去除率达78.1%,悬浮固体(SS)去除率达90.9%。 相似文献
48.
小诺霉素发酵废水好氧生物处理试验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对具有强抑制性污染物的抗生素小诺霉素发酵废水,选择活性污泥、粉末活性炭(PACT)、纯氧曝气等3种好氧生物处理法进行了比较试验。根据实验结果,小诺霉素发酵废水的生物降解呈抑制动力学,采用Marquart方法对动力学模式进行参数估计。PACT能够有效地降低降解过程中微生物受到的抑制作用,从而明显地改善了生物处理过程动力学。 相似文献
49.
改进密切值法在湖泊富营养化评价中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
密切值法(Osculating Method)作为一种多目标优选方法,在水环境质量评价中具有一定的应用.经过改进,将各级营养级别作为评价样本,参与到湖泊水环境样本的矩阵中,引入目标差值率对初始矩阵进行规范化处理,并应用层次分析法,对各评价指标的贡献程度加以确定.将改进后的密切值法应用于湖泊富营养化评价中.经实例分析表明,该方法概念清晰、计算简便实用,保证了湖泊水环境质量评价的科学性,能较好地反映湖泊水环境质量的优劣,并使其与各级营养级别的关系一目了然. 相似文献
50.
中国米质气候资源的地域分布 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
稻米品质受着气候条件的明显影响。在我国不同地域,米质气候资源各不相同,对米质的影响也各具特色,总的趋势是,北方优于南方;西部优于东部;晚茬口水稻优于旱茬口;在地形复杂地区,米质气候资源还具有垂直地带性结构。我国丰富的米质气候资源为各种类型优质米的生产创造出优越的环境条件。 相似文献