东北平原西部沙地的气候变异与土地荒漠化

东北平原西部沙地位于欧亚大陆中纬度巨型沙带的东部边缘 ,为我国荒漠化土地的东缘。随着经济的发展 ,生态环境遭到严重破坏 ,荒漠化景观日益明显 ,前景令人堪忧。气候因素是荒漠化发展的一个基本因素 ,东北平原西部沙地是我国北方气候条件最好的沙区 ,但目前对于区域荒漠化驱动因子的气候因素影响方面的研究未开展系统的工作。论文系统分析了东北平原西部沙地影响荒漠化的现代气候因素特点 ,探讨了在较好气候条件下气候变异、人类活动与荒漠化之间的关系 ,并根据气候发展趋势预测了未来在自然因素作用下沙地的可能发展趋势。     

地理信息系统与环境地球化学

从环境地球化学和GIS系统的发展过程角度出发 ,阐述了GIS系统在环境地球化学中的应用范围 ,指出两者的结合是各自学科发展的必然要求和结果 ,它们的结合必将会促进两门学科的进一步发展 ,同时也提出了需进一步加强研究与探讨的领域。     

地之不存人将焉附?

“土地是农民的命根子”，这话显然有失偏颇，应该说“土地是人类的命根子”。没有了土地，不光是农民，工人、商人、学生谁又能生活？恐怕世界万物生灵都无立足之地，难以生存。但是，一个严酷的事实摆在我们面前：土地污染日趋严重，已危及到生态、食物和人体健康。据国家环保总局统计，随着工业化、城市化、农业集约化的快速发展，大量未经处理的废物向土地系统转移，并在自然因素的作用下汇集、残留于土壤环境中，造成土壤污染。据估计，我国受农药、重金属污染的土地面积达上千万公顷。土地污染已经对我国生态环境质量、食物安全和社会经济可持续发展构成严重威胁。我国土地污染问题及形势不容乐观。     

纳米二氧化钛粉体的制备及对染料脱色的研究

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法、水热沉淀法、水解法制备了纳米二氧化钛粉体。经XRD对三种方法制得粉体进行了表征,讨论了三种方法的优缺点。以水解法制得二氧化钛粉对六种染料进行了脱色研究,结果表明其有良好的光催化脱色性能。     

A STRATEGY FOR IMPLEMENTING BMPs FOR CONTROLLING NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION: THE CASE OF THE FEI‐TSUI RESERVOIR WATERSHED IN TAIWAN1

ABSTRACT: This paper describes a concerted effort by the Taiwan Water Resources Bureau, the City of Taipei, and the Bureau of Fei‐tsui Reservoir Management to protect the water quality in the Fei‐tsui Reservoir.The reservoir is the major source of water supply for over two million people in the metropolitan area of Taipei. Over the years the reservoir has suffered from siltation and more recently eutrophication. The sources of the pollution are traced to the hundreds of tea gardens, rice fields and other agricultural areas in the watershed and to urban sources such as construction sites. Large amounts of nutrients enter the reservoir by way of storm water runoff during storm or typhoon events. Since 1999, various agencies have worked to initiate an effort to reduce nonpoint pollution in the Fei‐Tsui Reservoir watershed. Practices being considered include nonstructural measures such as nutrient management, and structural measures such as swales, detention basins, and wetlands, in addition to erosion and sediment control methods. A number of field tests have been completed on the performance of selected best management practices (BMPs). A strategy for implementing the BMPs at the watershed scale has been developed based on a total maximum daily load (TMDL) analysis that is reported in this paper.     

矿山巷道三种机械局部通风方式的评价

在矿山巷道的掘进作业及隧道的导洞开挖等工程中，常采用局部机械通风，常见的通风方式有抽出式、压入式和混合式。这3种通风方式各有其特点，但从降低作业面粉尘浓度的角度尚未定量计算分析，在建立通风模型的基础上进行了数学分析，为选择合理的通风方式，确定合理通风量来确保工作面区域粉尘浓度达标，提供了理论论据。     

建筑设计防火审核的方法与应用软件研究

提出了采用“防火审核表”进行建筑设计防火审核的方法，设计了防火审计表，并以石油化工企业设计防火审计为例，研制了应用软件，可供有关部门参考应用。     

武钢5号高炉槽上防尘系统的改造

通过对槽上防尘系统基础电气化、控制阀门、料位计、下料漏嘴及防尘皮带的改造，使设备作业率达到98％，防尘效果提高到国家标准的3倍。     

Determination of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in Chinese fuels by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/flame ionization detector

A method was developed to determine the concentration of methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE) in gasoline,diesel and heating oil by gas chromatography(GC) with mass spectrometry(GC-MS) or flame ionization detection(FID). The diluted gasoline was directly injected into the GC, and the complete separation of MTBE from co-eluting hydrocarbons was not required. GC/MS or GC/FID method can be used to analyze MTBE in different concentration range and have good consistency.