噪声环境影响评价中的防治对策建议

指出当前噪声环境影响评价中出现的防治对策建议的抽象化倾向，提出应加强对建设项目的降噪措施的具体评述，环评中提出的噪声防治对策建议必须具有针对性、先进性、经济合理性，并应定量预测出其降噪效果。     

EAF渣矿相组成及其短期淋溶特性

采用XRD方法研究了EAF渣矿相组成,采用静态淋溶实验方法,研究了液固比、淋溶液初始p H值和淋溶温度对EAF渣短期淋溶特性的影响。结果表明,EAF渣中存在的主要矿物为镁硅钙石、硅酸二钙、钙铝黄长石、磁铁矿、尖晶石、绿铬矿和钙钛矿。短期淋溶条件下,EAF渣淋溶液呈现强碱性和一定的还原性,EAF渣淋溶液中铬质量浓度随着液固比的升高而有所降低,强酸或强碱性淋溶液会在一定程度上提高淋溶液中铬质量浓度,温度对淋溶液中铬质量浓度影响较小;淋溶液铬质量浓度不仅受铬富集相溶解反应平衡控制,也受到淋溶液酸性影响,酸性较强时利于渣中碱性氧化物Cr(OH)3的分解,碱性较强时利于Cr(OH)4-离子的生成;EAF渣淋溶液中的铬主要以三价态存在,六价铬和总铬质量浓度均低于《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》(GB 5085.3—2007)限值,在一定程度上说明EAF渣的短期淋溶毒性风险较低。     

Assessing the geographical distribution of 76 Dendrobium species and impacts of climate change on their potential suitable distribution area in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The geographical distribution of plant resources is of great significance for studying the origin, distribution, and evolution of species. Climate and...     

Soil salinity,pH, and indigenous bacterial community interactively influence the survival of E. coli O157:H7 revealed by multivariate statistics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Complexities of biotic-abiotic interactions in soils result in the lack of integrated understanding of environmental variables that restrict the...     

Synthesis of heterojunction photocatalysts composed of Ag 2 S quantum dots combined with Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 nanosheets for the degradation of dyes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Facilitating the separation of photogenerated electron/hole pairs and widening the light-responsive region are crucial to enhance the overall...     

延迟焦化加热炉炉管结焦分析及应对措施

论述了延迟焦化加热炉炉管内结焦机理及影响因素,对加热炉炉管结焦原因和易结焦部位进行了分析,指出炉管结焦的危害及判断方法,提出了减缓炉管结焦的措施。     

城市生态气象监测评估初步研究与实践——以北京为例

气象条件作为影响生态系统最活跃、最直接的驱动因子,影响着生态系统的质量和人类生存的环境,关系着生态保护和建设的成果,而城市生态系统具有与其他系统不一样的气候特征,目前还未形成一套有关城市的生态气象监测评估方法。基于生态气象学理论,分别从城市气候环境、与气候相关的陆表环境、大气环境、人居环境以及城市高影响天气气候事件等5个方面选择不同的要素和指标开展了城市生态气象监测评估初步研究,并以北京为例,利用2018年国家和区域自动气象站资料、大气成分观测资料、2002—2018年MODIS卫星资料、Landsat及环境一号卫星资料,开展了2018年北京城市生态气象监测评估。监测评估显示,(1)2018年北京城市“热岛”和“干岛”气候特征明显,并在北京二环与五环之间存在一个“冂”形风速低值区。(2)2018年北京陆表生态环境、大气环境、人居环境进一步好转:其中植被覆盖度达61.6%,创2002年以来新高,气象条件贡献率达50%,生态涵养区植被生态质量处于正常偏好的面积比例达93.2%;中心城区陆表温度为2011年以来最低值;重要水源地密云水库、官厅水库水体面积均为2000年以来最大值;气溶胶光学厚度、霾日数、大气静稳指数分别较过去4年平均值下降14%、31%和8%,大气扩散条件偏好,对霾日减少贡献率达21%,外地污染传输对PM2.5贡献达到53%;城市生态冷源较2013年明显增加,城市“热岛”得到缓解。(3)历史罕见的夏季高温闷热、冬季阶段低温、极端强降水以及持续无降水等高影响天气气候事件给城市安全运行和生态环境带来不利影响。综合评估表明2018年北京气象条件总体利于陆表生态环境改善,有利的气候条件提高了生态环境的质量,但城市生态质量仍面临着极端天气气候事件、城市热岛、低风速以及外来大气污染输送等风险。     

简析近年噪声环境影响评价中出现的错误预测模式

分析了环评中噪声源置于厂房内预测厂区内外噪声的错误模式,指出这些模式只能计算出不反映实际声场分布的同心族圆的等声级线,对环评工作毫无意义.其根本错误在于将壳体组合结构的整体隔声能力当作其各部位的实际隔声能力,而且忽略客观实际环境、甚至无视厂房存在所致.     

Optimization and modeling of coagulation-flocculation to remove algae and organic matter from surface water by response surface methodology

Charge neutralization and sweep flocculation were the major mechanisms. Effect of process parameters was investigated. Optimal coagulation conditions were studied by response surface methodology. ANN models presented more robust and accurate prediction than RSM. Seasonal algal blooms of Lake Yangcheng highlight the necessity to develop an effective and optimal water treatment process to enhance the removal of algae and dissolved organic matter (DOM). In the present study, the coagulation performance for the removal of algae, turbidity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV₂₅₄) was investigated systematically by central composite design (CCD) using response surface methodology (RSM). The regression models were developed to illustrate the relationships between coagulation performance and experimental variables. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to test the significance of the response surface models. It can be concluded that the major mechanisms of coagulation to remove algae and DOM were charge neutralization and sweep flocculation at a pH range of 4.66–6.34. The optimal coagulation conditions with coagulant dosage of 7.57 mg Al/L, pH of 5.42 and initial algal cell density of 3.83 × 10⁶ cell/mL led to removal of 96.76%, 97.64%, 40.23% and 30.12% in term of cell density, turbidity, DOC and UV₂₅₄ absorbance, respectively, which were in good agreement with the validation experimental results. A comparison between the modeling results derived through both ANOVA and artificial neural networks (ANN) based on experimental data showed a high correlation coefficient, which indicated that the models were significant and fitted well with experimental results. The results proposed a valuable reference for the treatment of algae-laden surface water in practical application by the optimal coagulation-flocculation process.     

青岛海滨疗养区环境噪声中的海浪声研究

本文提出海滨疗养区环境噪声为海浪声与海浪声为OdB时的环境本底噪声的合成,并介绍一种调查观测和实验方法,来分析海浪声L′及其对人的影响,着重分析了疗养房间开窗期间(5—9月份)海浪声与近岸风浪、涌浪、地形,海浪声强度、频谱与人的感受关系,研究结果表明,疗养人员对一般海况下的海浪声有好感和不受影响者在98％以上,影响睡眠的海浪声的发生率仅占2％以下,从而得出一般海浪声不应视为噪声且对人们有一定益处的结论,提出海滨疗养区环境噪声评价标准的建议。