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221.
Castilhos Stefani de Souza Fernando Manzotti Colpini Leda Maria Saragiotto de Mattos Jorge Luiz Mario dos Santos Onélia Aparecida Andreo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(18):22155-22168
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The presence of endocrine disrupting compounds in water receptor bodies, such as drugs, currently has in scientific field a great focus of studies... 相似文献
222.
Melo Mikhael Rangel de Souza Dias Nildo da Silva de Medeiros Igor José Nascimento Travassos Kaline Dantas Miranda Neyton de Oliveira Gurgel Marcelo Tavares Lemos Neto Hozano de Souza Fernandes Cleyton dos Santos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(31):38537-38544
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In a context of scarcity of good quality water, reuse is a mandatory practice to increase water availability, thus allowing the exploitation of more... 相似文献
223.
Reactivity of the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol (cultar) with two tropical soils of the northeast semiarid region of Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Milfont ML Martins JM Antonino AC Gouveia ER Netto AM Guiné V Mas H dos Santos Freire MB 《Journal of environmental quality》2008,37(1):90-97
The reactivity of paclobutrazol (PBZ, a plant growth retardant) with a Yellow Ultisol and a Vertisol from the semiarid northeast region of Brazil was evaluated through batch sorption experiments and modeling. Although not instantaneous, the sorption kinetic of PBZ (pure and formulated) was fast (a few hours) in both soils. The sorption kinetics were well described by a second-order (dS(t)/dt=k(2)(S(e2)-S(t))(2)) but not by a first-order model. The sorption isotherms were found to be linear and the calculated K(D) values were 8.8 +/- 0.11 and 7.4 +/- 0.2 L kg(-1) for pure PBZ in the Ultisol and the Vertisol, respectively. The corresponding K(OC) values were 1275 +/- 34 (logK(OC) = 3.11) and 1156 +/- 49 (logK(OC) = 3.06) L kg(-1), respectively. Considering the very different texture of the two soils and the similar K(OC) values determined, these results showed that in both soils, the sorption of PBZ is dominantly controlled by organic matter, although some interactions of PBZ with iron oxides (goethite) were observed in the Ultisol. Based on these sorption parameters a low leachability potential of PBZ in soils is anticipated, as they correspond to a groundwater ubiquity score (GUS) ranging from 2.0 to 2.7, i.e., moderately to not mobile, in contradiction with the actual groundwater situation in Brazil. This work stresses the need to evaluate and predict the risk associated with aquifer contamination by this widely used plant growth regulator. 相似文献
224.
Rocha JC de Sene JJ dos Santos A Toscano IA Zara LF 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2000,2(1):39-44
The main pool of dissolved organic carbon in tropical aquatic environments, notably in dark-coloured streams, is concentrated in humic substances (HS). Aquatic HS are large organic molecules formed by micro-biotic degradation of biopolymers and polymerization of smaller organic molecules. From an environmental point of view, the study of metal humic interactions is often aimed at predicting the effect of aquatic HS on the bioavailability of heavy metal ions in the environment. In the present work the aquatic humic substances (HS) isolated from a dark-brown stream (located in an environmental protection area near Cubat?o city in S?o Paulo-State, Brazil) by means of the collector XAD-8 were investigated. FTIR studies showed that the carboxylic carbons are probably the most important binding sites for Hg(II) ions within humic molecules. 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR studies of aquatic HS showed the presence of constituents with a high degree of aromaticity (40% of carbons) and small substitution. A special five-stage tangential-flow ultrafiltration device (UF) was used for size fractionation of the aquatic HS under study and for their metal species in the molecular size range 1-100 kDa (six fractions). The fractionation patterns showed that metal traces remaining in aquatic HS after their XAD-8 isolation have different distributions. Generally, the major percentage of traces of Mn, Cd and Ni (determined by ICP-AES) was preferably complexed by molecules with relatively high molecular size. Cu was bound by fractions with low molecular size and Co showed no preferential binding site in the various humic fractions. Moreover, the species formed between aquatic HS and Hg(II), prepared by spiking (determined by CVAAS), appeared to be concentrated in the relatively high molecular size fraction F1 (> 100 kDa). 相似文献
225.
The objectives of Habitat II were (1) in the long term to arrest the deterioration of human settlements and create the conditions to achieve improvement in the environment on a sustainable basis, and (2) to adopt a general statement on principles and related Global Action Plan to guide national and international efforts in the next two decades. We have asked the Mayor of Curitiba, Brazil Rafael Greca de Macedo to comment on the conference results. Curitiba is one of the most known example of urban ecological planning. 相似文献
226.
Identification of copper sources in urban surface waters using the principal component analysis based on aquatic parameters 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sodre FF dos Anjos VE Prestes EC Grassi MT 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(6):581-585
The goal of this work was to identify the sources of copper loads in surface urban waters using principal component analysis under the aquatic parameters data evaluation approach. Water samples from the Irai and Iguacu rivers were collected monthly during a 12-month period at two points located upstream and downstream of a metropolitan region. pH, total alkalinity, dissolved chloride, total suspended solids, dissolved organic matter, total recoverable copper, temperature, and precipitation data provided some reliable information concerning the characteristics and water quality of both rivers. Principal component analysis indicated seasonal and spatial effects on copper concentration and loads in both environments. During the rainy season, non-point sources such as urban run-off are believed to be the major source of copper in both cases. In contrast, during the lower precipitation period, the discharge of raw sewage seems to be the primary source of copper to the Iguacu River, which also exhibited higher total metal concentrations. 相似文献
227.
Rodrigo Galbieri Thiago Luis Felipe Brito Dominique Mouette Hirdan Katarina de Medeiros Costa Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos Murilo Tadeu Werneck Fagá 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2018,23(7):1039-1062
Energy consumption is related to local, regional and global impacts. Thus, by comparing different replacement scenarios of diesel vehicles with compressed natural gas, this article estimates pollutants and greenhouse gases emission in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The calculation of fuel consumption is based on fleet characteristics, in terms of vehicle age, the average annual distance travelled by bus depending on the year and average fuel consumption. These values served as a basis to develop scenarios considering that a percentage of new vehicles that will be phased out and replaced with ones running on natural gas. Results show that the total avoided emissions can range from 579 thousand tons to 1.375 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) over 20 years, depending on the scenario. For particulate matter, accumulated avoided emissions vary from 251 thousand to 584 tons over 20 years. The replacement of diesel buses with natural gas-fuelled buses presents favourable results, in comparison with the tendency scenario for CO2 and particulate matter. Thus, a public policy for fuel replacement in largest cities, such as Sao Paulo, has an important global impact, especially when allowing the introduction of a renewable energy source, such as biogas. It will benefit from the natural gas previous infrastructure, which is largely available in Brazil. As recommendations, we explain the need to review the city of Sao Paulo Climate Change Law to allow the use of natural gas. Fuel replacement should be integrated with a public policy/public policies and operational strategies to promote citizens´ health as well as historical, cultural and heritage conservation for the city and its future generations. 相似文献
228.
229.
José Eduardo Volponi Lúcia Helena Innocentini Mei Derval dos Santos Rosa 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2004,12(1):11-16
The widespread use of polymeric materials in many applications requires polymers that are weather resistant. The aim of this study is to examine the usefulness of oxidation onset temperature measurements as a tool for evaluating oxidative degradation of isotatic polypropylene. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the oxidation onset temperature in formulations of isotatic polypropylene containing different concentrations of light and thermal stabilizers after aging in a Weather-Ometer. Oxidation onset temperature gave better results than oxidation induction time for evaluating the degradation of isotatic polypropylene during aging in a Weather-Ometer. However, both tests showed a poor correlation with the appearance of cracks seen by optical microscopy. 相似文献
230.
Arimar Leal Vieira Antônio Carlos Reis de Freitas 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2002,4(2):111-116
In the middle of the 1970s, the introduction of large industrial and agricultural projects in Brazilian Amazonia created
a situation of violence and loss of land used by farming families. In this context, the process of migration to the metropolitan
region of Belém, which is principally in the interior of the state of Pará, was intensified. Excluded by the formal labor
market, these families started to collect disposed material as scavengers. The material collected is found in landfills, streets,
and open dumping areas. The main purpose of this research is to understand the social and environmental relations inherent
in collection and recycling activities in the Amazon Region.
Received: August 19, 2001 / Accepted: November 21, 2001 相似文献