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751.
José Eduardo Volponi Lúcia Helena Innocentini Mei Derval dos Santos Rosa 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2004,12(1):11-16
The widespread use of polymeric materials in many applications requires polymers that are weather resistant. The aim of this study is to examine the usefulness of oxidation onset temperature measurements as a tool for evaluating oxidative degradation of isotatic polypropylene. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the oxidation onset temperature in formulations of isotatic polypropylene containing different concentrations of light and thermal stabilizers after aging in a Weather-Ometer. Oxidation onset temperature gave better results than oxidation induction time for evaluating the degradation of isotatic polypropylene during aging in a Weather-Ometer. However, both tests showed a poor correlation with the appearance of cracks seen by optical microscopy. 相似文献
752.
Dborah M. Santos‐Romn Glenn S. Warner Frederick Scatena 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(4):829-839
ABSTRACT: Multivariate analyses were used to develop equations that could predict certain water quality (WQ) conditions for unmonitored watersheds in Puerto Rico based on their physical characteristics. Long term WQ data were used to represent the WQ of 15 watersheds in Puerto Rico. A factor analysis (FA) was performed to reduce the number of chemical constituents. Cluster analysis (CA) was used to group watersheds with similar WQ characteristics. Finally, a discriminant analysis (DA) was performed to relate the WQ clusters to different physical parameters and generate predicting equations. The FA identified six factors (77 percent of variation explained): nutrients, dissolved ions, sodium and chloride, silicacious geology, red ox conditions, and discharge. From the FA, specific conductance, sodium, phosphorous, silica, and dissolved oxygen were selected to represent the WQ characteristics in the CA. The CA determined five groups of watersheds (forested, urban polluted, mixed urban/rural, forested plutonic, and limestone) with similar WQ properties. From the five WQ clusters, two categories can be observed: forested and urban watersheds. The DA found that changes in forest cover, percent of limestone, mean annual rainfall, and watershed shape factor were the most important physical features affecting the WQ of watersheds in Puerto Rico. 相似文献
753.
dos Santos Reginaldo Carvalho da Silva Junior Carlos Antonio Battirola Leandro Denis Lima Mendelson 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(3):3356-3370
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This paper evaluates compliance with environmental laws in the municipality of Sorriso and the impact of changing legislation on vegetation. To verify... 相似文献
754.
755.
Dielle Monteiro Teixeira Juliana Merces Hernandez Luciana Damascena Silva Darleise de Souza Oliveira Paula Katharine de Pontes Spada Tereza Cristina Monteiro Gurjão Joana D’Arc Pereira Mascarenhas Alexandre Costa Linhares Lena Líllian Canto de Sá Morais Yvone Benchimol Gabbay 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(1):101-104
Noroviruses are the major cause of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans, with few reports about the occurrence of the norovirus GIV strain. We investigated the presence of norovirus GIV in surface water (river, bay, and stream) and untreated sewage, and we determined a positivity rate of 9.4 % (9/96). The strains genotyped were GIV.1. To our knowledge, this is the first report of GIV in Brazil. 相似文献
756.
Rodolfo Salm Lisa Feder Mario Augusto Gonçalves Jardim Nefertiti Hass Euphly Jalles-Filho Ana Maria Costa 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2009,11(1):161-173
In a meeting between FUNAI (the Brazilian Indian National Foundation) and the Kayapo in the Kayapo village of Aukre, in October
2005, the Kayapo Indians requested support to increase the culture of coconuts (Cocos nucifera) in their lands. The introduction of exotic species is a cause of biological diversity loss throughout the world. However,
this is by no means applicable to all kinds of exotic species. We argue that the culture of coconuts may actually be a useful
tool for the conservation of this country’s indigenous lands, despite criticism to the contrary. It may also be useful as
source for raw material for the indigenous people who are presently experiencing a population boom. For the Kayapo of south-eastern
Amazonia, such a demographic explosion, coupled with their increasing dependence on money to purchase industrialized goods,
tend to substantially increase the pressure on their lands, which still contain a substantial amount of well-preserved seasonally-dry
Amazonian forests. We investigated the actual economic relevance of coconuts for the Kayapo by measuring human and coconut
populations and found that this exotic palm is not important for the subsistence of these Indians, due to coconut scarcity,
and that such importance is not forthcoming. In the Amazon, coconuts may be particularly useful for the Indians’ nutrition
due to the high energetic value of the solid endosperm of the mature fruit. Therefore, given the importance of indigenous
lands for the conservation of the Amazonian forests, the encouragement of subsistence coconut cultures in indigenous lands
is defensible as a measure for the conservation of biodiversity. 相似文献
757.
R.A. Costa T. Eeva C. Eira J. Vaqueiro P. Medina J.V. Vingada 《Chemistry and Ecology》2014,30(3):206-215
Passerine species have been increasingly used as monitors of metal pollution, especially by making use of non-destructive indicators of bird exposure, such as collecting feathers, faeces or blood. During this study, mercury concentrations were determined in feathers, faeces and blood of nestling great tits (Parus major) in industrial (a paper mill) and rural sites on the west coast of Portugal. The aim of this study was to compare the level of mercury in both areas over the study period, as indicated by nestlings’ mercury levels, while assessing possible contamination effects on the breeding performance and health status of great tits. Over the years, feathers showed a significant annual decrease in mercury contamination in the study area. Blood analyses also revealed a significant annual decrease in mercury concentrations, but no significant differences were detected between areas. Faeces data showed no significant difference between years or areas. We found no direct influence of mercury levels on nestling health status or great tit breeding performance. 相似文献
758.
A. P. Reis C. Patinha J. Wragg A. C. Dias M. Cave A. J. Sousa C. Costa A. Cachada E. Ferreira da Silva F. Rocha A. Duarte 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2014,36(5):867-881
An urban survey of Lisbon, the largest city in Portugal, was carried out to investigate its environmental burden, emphasizing metallic elements and their public health impacts. This paper examines the geochemistry of lead (Pb) and its influence on human health data. A total of 51 soil samples were collected from urban recreational areas used by children to play outdoors. The semi-quantitative analysis of Pb was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after an acid digestion. X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the soil mineralogy. The solid-phase distribution of Pb in the urban soils was investigated on a subset of 7 soils, out of a total of 51 samples, using a non-specific sequential extraction method coupled with chemometric analysis. Oral bioaccessibility measurements were obtained using the Unified BARGE Method developed by the Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe. The objectives of the study are as follows: (1) investigation of Pb solid-phase distribution; (2) interpretation of Pb oral bioaccessibility measurements; (3) integration of metal geochemistry with human health data; and (4) understanding the influence of geochemistry and mineralogy on oral bioaccessibility. The results show that the bioaccessible fraction of Pb is lower when major metal fractions are associated with less soluble soil phases such as Fe oxyhydroxides, and more increased when the metal is in the highly soluble carbonate phase. However, there is some evidence that the proportion of carbonates in the soil environment is also a key control over the oral bioaccessibility of Pb, irrespective of its solid-phase fractionation. 相似文献
759.
Patrizia Jereb Rita Cannas Porzia Maiorano Giambattista Bello Fulvio Garibaldi Marco Mereu Francesco G. Ancona Giovanni Ammendolia Pietro Battaglia Önder Duysak Hendrik Jan T. Hoving Eugenia Lefkaditou Marek R. Lipinski Riccardo Melis Panagiota N. Peristeraki Sergio Ragonese Teresa Romeo Alp Salman Begonia M. Santos Alberto Villari Danila Cuccu 《Marine Biology》2016,163(9):192