瘦西湖水质时空特征及综合控制对策措施研究

分析了瘦西湖水质时空特征和富营养成因,提出浅湖型湖泊富营养化治理需加强区域水系水质管理,提出"防、活、治、修"综合治理措施.     

海平面变化及其对海洋生态环境的影响

世界约有一半人口生活在距海岸线50公里以内的沿岸地区,人口密度平均较内陆高出10倍,因此海平面变化与人类生活和社会经济发展休戚相关.随着人类活动对海洋、大气系统影响的迅速扩大,全球气候异常、海平面变化已经成为全球性重大环境问题.     

石油类污染物在包气带中的迁移预测——以兰州西固商业石油储备库为例

包气带在地表石油类污染物下渗到地下水的过程中扮演着重要角色,同时包气带受到污染必然会对周围环境,特别是植物的生长造成影响,从而影响人类自身。主要使用HYDRUS软件预测了兰州西固商业石油储备库的渗漏对包气带的影响,分正常工作状况和非正常工作状况两种情况。在正常工作状况下,从5000天到10000天,污染物浓度呈线性增加,到50年左右,包气带底部(下边界)污染物浓度接近0.1mg/cm3。在非正常工作状况下,包气带底部(下边界)浓度增加的速度要远远大于正常工作状况,到50年左右,包气带底部(下边界)浓度达0.5mg/cm3。预测结果可以为相应工作状况下饱和带的溶质迁移模型提供参考依据,对确定饱和带污染物的浓度具有重要的参考意义。     

生活垃圾焚烧炉污染物排放分析

简要介绍了生活垃圾焚烧妒的炉型、烟气净化技术的选择、飞灰固化的常用处置方式,通过分析不同生活垃圾焚烧炉的烟气监测数据,说明生活垃圾焚烧炉烟气排放能够达到GB 18485-2001<生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准>相应标准限值,有些烟气污染物甚至能达到欧盟排放标准.     

茶园土壤水溶性氟含量的模拟调控

以湖北英山、大悟、竹山、赤壁和浙江杭州茶园土壤为研究对象,通过施加一定量的CaCO3、CaO、Ca3(PO4)2、CaCl2和CaSO4来调控土壤中水溶性氟含量,结果表明：英山、大悟和竹山茶园土壤中施加一定量的CaCl2或CaSO4均可降低土壤中水溶性氟含量,英山和大悟茶园土壤中可施加1～2 g·kg-1的CaCl2或...     

基于修正组合模型的青海省城市需水量预测

根据城市用水量系统具有非线性和随机波动性的特点,为了充分发挥组合灰色神经网络预测模型能够综合单变量预测及非线性处理的优势,同时降低组合权系数计算方法的不确定性对模型预测效果的影响,论文提出了基于马尔科夫链修正的组合灰色神经网络预测模型。将其应用于1980—2009年青海省城市用水量序列的拟合分析,并预测其2010、2015以及2020年的城市需水量。结果表明:基于马尔科夫链修正的组合灰色神经网络预测模型预测结果的误差更小,精度更高。     

污泥细菌偶氮呼吸机制与偶氮染料降解矿化机理

利用污泥细菌生物降解矿化偶氮染料,已成功用于偶氮染料废水处理,并将成为该领域研究开发的热点和发展趋势。综述了好氧、厌氧细菌的两种偶氮呼吸机制,并总结了偶氮呼吸直接产物芳香胺类在好氧、厌氧条件下进一步降解与矿化机理的异同,同时提出在偶氮染料废水处理中厌氧-好氧串联式生物反应器能有效用于偶氮化合物的降解矿化。     

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of sunshine duration over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2020北大核心CSCD

Based on observation data of daily sunshine duration from 1961 to 2020 at 175 meteorological observation stations over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, spatial transformation analysis, climate trend analysis and M-K mutation test were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal and annual sunshine duration in the region in the last 60 years. The results show that (1) annual average sunshine duration was 2 323 h, the maximum was 3 487 h in Gaer, Tibet, and the minimum was 771 h in Ya'an, Sichuan. The high-value areas were mostly located in western Tibet, northern Qinghai, western Gansu, and Xinjiang, and the low-value areas were mostly located in Nyingchi in Tibet, the mountainous area on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and northwestern Yunnan. The highest sunshine duration was recorded in winter (631 h), and the lowest was recorded in autumn (555 h) among the four seasons. (2) The average decrease in annual sunshine duration was 10.27 h/10 a. The largest rates of decrease were mainly in Gannan of Gansu and Ganzi of Sichuan, with the largest rate of decrease of 130 h/10 a. The areas with large rates of increase were mainly in Hotan area of Xinjiang, Liangshan of Sichuan and Lhasa of Tibet, with the largest increase of 61 h/10 a. Among the four seasons, spring exhibited an upward trend, and the remainder exhibited a downward trend. (3) Before 2017, the annual sunshine duration increased but declined after 2017. Spring sunshine duration had the largest number of mutation years, and the earliest mutation time was 1963. Winter had the fewest number of mutation years and the latest mutation time occurred in 2015. In summary, the annual and seasonal sunshine duration of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau vary greatly in space, but with the general characteristics of more sunshine in the northwest and less in the southeast, and sunshine hours were mainly decreasing, with 2017 as a mutation point of annual sunshine duration. Most areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have great potential for photosynthetic production and are suitable for the development of light-loving plants and high-density planting. Shade-loving or shade-tolerant plants, including tea, are suitable for development in remote mountainous areas with low sunshine values in the western part of the basin, including Ya’an, Sichuan, and other areas, such as Medog, Tibet. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

基于ATCA架构智能监控管理平台的设计与应用

一、概述 随着我国平安城市建设的不断深化,安防行业已经深入到社会生活的方方面面,大到公共安全、金融教育、电力电信、交通能源等,小到小区监控与家庭安防,安防产品迅速扩大至各行各业。各行业根据实际需要逐渐引进了多种安防系统,如视频监控系统、门禁监控系统、楼宇自动化系统等,但是这些系统往往各自独立,     

镉锌复合胁迫对秋茄幼苗渗透调节物质的影响

通过土壤盆栽研究了不同浓度镉(Cd,0、2.5、50 mg kg-1)、锌(Zn,0、100、500 mg kg-1)胁迫下红树植物秋茄的幼苗体内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、有机酸含量的变化.结果表明,Cd、Zn单一处理下,秋茄体内渗透调节物质含量随重金属浓度升高而增加;Cd、Zn复合处理对秋茄体内可溶性蛋白质含量的复合效应主要表现为协同作用:Cd的加入减弱Zn对秋茄体内可溶性糖含量的刺激作用,低Cd浓度处理下Zn的加入导致可溶性糖含量增加,而高Cd浓度处理下Zn的加入反而降低其含量.低浓度Zn(或Cd)的加入与土壤中Cd(或Zn)发生拮抗作用,秋茄体内肺氨酸、有机酸含量下降;高浓度Zn(或Cd)的加入与土壤中的Cd(或Zn)发生协同作用,导致渗透调节物质脯氨酸、有机酸的积累量增加,从而缓解高浓度重金属的胁迫.植物组织或部位不同,Cd与Zn浓度和比例不同,Cd、Zn之间的复合作用存在一定的差异.表5参30