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21.
Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah Noha Nahedj Atia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):8059-8069
The concentrations of 15 priority PAHs were determined in the atmospheric gaseous and particulate phases from nine sites across Assiut City, Egypt. While naphthalene, acenaphthene, and fluorene were the most abundant in the gaseous phase with average concentrations of 377, 184, and 181 ng/m3, benzo[b]fluoranthene, chrysene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene showed the highest levels in the particulate phase with average concentrations of 76, 6, and 52 ng/m3. The average total atmospheric concentration of target PAHs (1,590 ng/m3) indicates that Assiut is one of the highest PAH-contaminated areas in the world. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the levels of PAHs in the atmosphere of urban and suburban sites (P?=?0.029 and 0.043 for gaseous and particulate phases, respectively). Investigation of diagnostic PAH concentration ratios revealed vehicular combustion and traffic exhaust emissions as the major sources of PAHs with a higher contribution of gasoline rather than diesel vehicles in the sampled areas. Benzo[a]pyrene has the highest contribution (average?=?32, 4 % for gaseous and particulate phases) to the total carcinogenic activity (TCA) of atmospheric PAHs. While particulate phase PAHs have higher contribution to the TCA, gaseous phase PAHs present at higher concentrations in the atmosphere are more capable of undergoing atmospheric reactions to form more toxic derivatives. 相似文献
22.
Maha Ahmed Mohamed Abdallah 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(8):6495-6503
The use of natural resources for the removal of phenol and phenolic compounds is being looked upon by researchers in preference to other prevailing methods. In the present study, different biosorbents, brown algae (Padina pavonia), fresh water macrophyta (Ceratophyllum demersum), and black tea residue, were tested as adsorbent for the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions. The optimum conditions for maximum adsorption in terms of concentration of the adsorbate and pH were identified. The results show that the initial concentration increases as the removal of phenol increases in C. demersum; in the case of the other two adsorbents, the initial concentration increases as the removal of phenol decreases, especially for an initial concentration lower than 100 and 1,000 μg/L for P. pavonia and black tea residue, respectively. Maximum percentage removal of phenol by each adsorbent is 77, 50.8, and 29 % for C. demersum, P. pavonia, and black tea residue, respectively. Also, the biosorption capacity was strongly influenced by the pH of the aqueous solution with an observed maximum phenol removal at pH of around 6–10. The first biosorbent (black tea residue) displays the maximum adsorption capacity at a pH of 10 with a percentage sorption capacity of 84 %; P. pavonia revealed a greater adsorption percentage at pH?10, reaching 30 %, while for C. demersum, the removal of phenol increases with the increase in initial pH up to 6.0 and decreases drastically with further increase in initial pH. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Brauner–Emmet–Teller adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The results reveal that the equilibrium data for all phenol adsorbents fitted the Freundlich model which seemed to be the best-fitting model for the experimental results with similar values of coefficient of determination. 相似文献
23.
In the polydomous ant species Cataglyphis iberica, nests belonging to the same colony are completely separated during hibernation. In order to examine whether this separation
induces changes both in the hydrocarbon profile and in recognition ability between adult nestmates, we separated groups of
workers for several months under two different conditions: at hibernation temperature and at room temperature. At room temperature,
recognition remained unchanged but separation led to longer mutual antennations relative to non-separated controls. When half
of a colony was placed under hibernation conditions, antennal interactions also increased in duration and a few aggressive
interactions emerged between separated ants. This aggressiveness never reached the intercolonial level observed in this species.
In both cases, the hydrocarbon profiles showed differences between individuals after separation while remaining homogeneous
within each nest. This chemical modification may induce the longer antennations observed. After separated groups were reunited,
individuals recovered their previous antennation pattern and a convergence in hydrocarbon profiles was again observed. These
concurrent observations suggest that hydrocarbons are transferred between nestmates. In C. iberica, the formation of the colonial odor seems to follow the “Gestalt” model which allows all satellite nests of a colony to have a common colonial odor. In the field, temporary nest isolation
during hibernation may induce divergence between satellites. The role of adult transport in connecting nests during the active
season to obtain an efficient Gestalt odor is discussed.
Received: 16 June 1997 / Accepted after revision: 25 October 1997 相似文献
24.
Accumulation of lead and cadmium in the marine prosobranch Nerita saxtilis, chemical analysis, light and electron microscopy. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The potential value of the marine prosobranch Nerita saxtilis as an efficient biological monitor to heavy metal pollution in the Red Sea was investigated. Storage ability of lead and cadmium was compared in shell, headfoot and digestive gland of the marine snail N. saxtilis collected from Al-Hamrauin area at El-kuseir (lead, 300.35 +/- 28.53 microg/l, 1,716 +/- 16.14. cadmium 20.01 +/- 1.8 microg/l, 161.72 +/- 21.4 mean +/- S.D. for water and sediment, respectively) relative to that of inhabiting marine water and sediment employing atomic absorption spectrometry to determine the organ with highest capability of heavy metal accumulation. The influence of metal storage on light microscopic structure of that organ was investigated. Also, the ultrastructure localization of storage sites in the same organ was determined employing transmission electron microscopy. The digestive gland was shown to accumulate both metals at conccntrations that are several orders of magnitude higher than those in the surrounding marine water. The bioaccumulation capability of lead and cadmium was ranked in the following order; digestive gland > headfoot > shell for lead and digestive gland > shell > headfoot for cadmium. In spite of its evident highest metal storage capability, no histopathological changes were observed in the digestive gland of that marine prosobranch. Enlarged electron dense vesicles and many granules were observed in ultrathin sections in digestive cells of these snails and are suggested to be the sites of storage of detoxified metals. The results of that finding indicate the possibility of using the marine prosobranch N. saxtilis as biomonitor for heavy metal contaminants in the Red Sea. 相似文献
25.
Continuous adsorptive removal of glimepiride using multi-walled carbon nanotubes in fixed-bed column
Badran Ismail Qut Obada Manasrah Abdallah D. Abualhasan Murad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(12):14694-14706
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Water pollution by emerging pollutants such as pharmaceutical and personal care products is one of today’s biggest challenges. The presence of... 相似文献
26.
A freshwater fish species, Tilapia zillii, from Lake El-Manzala was analysed for concentrations of several organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) in liver, gonads, mesenteric fat, flesh, and digestive tract in mature fish during the breeding season. PCBs and OCs were calculated in ng g-1 dry weight (dw) in homogenized samples. The obtained results revealed differences in lipid content between these different organs. The females showed a higher lipid content than did males. There was a significant positive correlation between the lipid content and the concentrations of detected organochlorines and PCBs. The results are concomitant with the lipophilicity of studied compounds. However, the recorded concentrations of these studied pollutants still do not exceed the international hazardous levels. 相似文献
27.
Chaher Nour El Houda Chakchouk Mehrez Nassour Abdallah Nelles Michael Hamdi Moktar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(34):46540-46552
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Solid waste management and disposal is one of the most significant challenges facing urban communities around the world. There is a wide range of... 相似文献
28.
Maha Ahmed Mohamed Abdallah 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2014,18(1):1-10
The distribution of Cr between water, total suspended matter (TSM) and sediments in the maine harbour in Egypt (Western Harbour), has been studied in two surveys. Dissolved Cr displayed a negative association with salinity, indicating land sources outlets as a major source of inputs for it. The Harbour presents higher Cr concentrations in dissolved form above the background (0.17 μg/L) concentration for total dissolved Cr. The most important factors controlling the distribution of particulate Cr in the Western Harbour are the depositional from several activities inside the Harbour, as well as different charges from several landbased sources along its southern edge. Chromium was associated in decreasing amount in the: residual >oxidizable-organic >acid reducible >exchangeable fractions of the analyzed sediments. Therefore, the results indicate that Cr in sediments from W.H is not available for exchange and/or release into the marine environment. 相似文献
29.
Ragini Pirarath Palani Shivashanmugam Asad Syed Abdallah M. Elgorban Sambandam Anandan Muthupandian Ashokkumar 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(1):15
30.
Can machines recognise stress in plants? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ronald?Maldonado-RodriguezEmail author Stancho?Pavlov Alberto?Gonzalez Abdallah?Oukarroum Reto?J.?Strasser 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2003,1(3):201-205
In this paper we show that chlorophyll a fluorescence signals analysed with the self-organizing map (SOM) can be used as a routine tool for the monitoring and classification of pea varieties (Pisum sativum) according to their degree of resistance against drought stress. Fluorescence kinetics measurements were obtained from non-stressed plants. The aim of this study is to evaluate the applicability of artificial intelligence techniques in eco-physiological research. Our goal is to provide a fast tool that will contribute to the knowledge needed to develop strategies that would help to decrease the impact of environmental stress in agriculture and forestry. 相似文献