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Olga S. Arvaniti Marilena E. Dasenaki Alexandros G. Asimakopoulos Niki C. Maragou Vasilios G. Samaras Korina Antoniou Georgia Gatidou Daniel Mamais Constantinos Noutsopoulos Zacharias Frontistis Nikolaos S. Thomaidis Athanasios S. Stasinakis 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(11):148
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The influence of EDDS and EDTA on the uptake of heavy metals of Cd and Cu from soil with tobacco Nicotiana tabacum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phytoextraction, the use of plants to extract contaminants from soils and groundwater, is a promising approach for cleaning up soils contaminated with heavy metals. In order to enhance phytoextraction the use of chelating agents has been proposed. This study aims to assess whether ethylene diamine disuccinate (EDDS), a biodegradable chelator, can be used for enhanced phytoextraction purposed, as an alternative to ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA). EDDS revealed a higher toxicity to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in comparison to EDTA, but no toxicity to microorganisms. The uptake of Cu was increased by the addition of EDTA and EDDS, while no increase was observed in the uptake of Cd. Both chelating agents showed a very low root to shoot translocation capability and the translocation factor was lower than the one of the control. Heavy metals where significantly more phytoavailable than in the control, even after harvesting, resulting in a high heavy metal leaching possibility, probably owing to a low biodegradation rate of EDDS. New seedlings which were transplanted into the EDDS treated pots 7d after the phytoextraction experiment, showed signs of necrosis and chlorosis, which resulted in a significantly lower biomass in comparison to the control. The seedlings on the EDTA treated pots showed no toxicity signs. Contrary to previous opinions the results of this study revealed the chelating agents EDTA and EDDS as unsuitable for enhanced phytoextraction using tobacco. 相似文献
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The purpose of technology transfer under the UNFCCC Article 4.5 is to “…promote, facilitate, and finance as appropriate the
transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and know how to other Parties particularly Developing Country
parties to enable them to implement the provisions of the Convention.” The key challenge in this respect is that low-carbon
sustainable technologies need to be adopted both by developed as well as developing countries. However, this paper focuses
on the process of technology transfer to developing countries to allow them to move quickly to environmentally sound and sustainable
practices, institutions and technologies. In the above framework, this paper reviews key aspects of technology transfer from
a range of perspectives in the literature and discusses insights from this literature for the transfer and innovation process
needed to reduce global vulnerability to climate change in the context of current international activities based on the research
undertaken by the EU sponsored ENTTRANS project. 相似文献
14.
Evaluation of the effect of small organic acids on phytoextraction of Cu and Pb from soil with tobacco Nicotiana tabacum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phytoremediation, the use of plants to extract contaminants from soils and groundwater, is a promising approach for cleaning up soils contaminated with heavy metals. However its use is limited by the time required for plant growth, the nutrient supply and, moreover, by the limited metal uptake capacity. Synthetic chelators have shown positive effects in enhancing heavy metal extraction, but they have also revealed several negative side-effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of three natural low molecular weight organic acids (NLMWOA) (citric, oxalic, and tartaric acid) as an alternative to synthetic chelators. Slurry-, column-, toxicity- and phytoextraction experiments were performed. For the phytoextraction experiment the three NLMWOA were applied to a copper- and a lead-contaminated soil respectively. A significant increase in copper uptake was visible only in the citric acid treatment (67 mg kg-1) in comparison to the EDTA treatment (42 mg kg-1). The NLMWOA application showed no enhanced effect concerning the lead phytoextraction. A possible explanation for this lack of significance could be the rate of the degradation of NLMWOA. This rate might well be too high for these heavy metals with low mobility and bioavailability such as lead. The amounts of NLMWOA applied to the soil were very high (62.5 mmol kg-1 of soil) and the effect was too little. In this respect EDTA, which was applied in very small amounts (0.125 mmol kg-1) was more efficient. Thus making NLMWOA unsuitable to enhance phytoextraction of heavy metals from soil. 相似文献
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Danae Venieri Efthalia Chatzisymeon Spiridon S. Sofianos Eleonora Politi Nikolaos P. Xekoukoulotakis Alexandros Katsaounis Dionissios Mantzavinos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(9):3782-3790
Purpose
The disinfection efficiency of water and secondary treated wastewater by means of photoelectrocatalytic oxidation (PEC) using reference strains of Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli as faecal indicators was evaluated. Operating parameters such as applied potential (2?C10?V), initial bacterial concentration (103?C107?CFU/mL), treatment time (up to 90?min) and aqueous matrix (pure water and treated effluent) were assessed concerning their impact on disinfection.Methods
PEC experiments were carried out using a TiO2/Ti film anode and a zirconium cathode in the presence of simulated solar radiation. Bacterial inactivation was monitored by the culture method and real-time SYBR green PCR.Results
A 6.2 log reduction in E. faecalis population was achieved after 15?min of PEC treatment in water at 10?V of applied potential and an initial concentration of 107?CFU/mL; pure photocatalysis (PC) led to only about 4.3 log reduction, whilst negligible inactivation was recorded when the respective electrochemical oxidation process was applied (i.e. without radiation). PEC efficiency was generally improved increasing the applied potential and decreasing initial bacterial concentration. Regarding real wastewater, E. coli was more susceptible than E. faecalis during treatment at a potential of 5?V. Wastewater disinfection was affected by its complex composition and the contained mixed bacterial populations, yielding lower inactivation rates compared to water treatment. Screening the results obtained from both applied techniques (culture method and real-time PCR), there was a discrepancy regarding the recorded time periods of total bacterial inactivation, with qPCR revealing longer periods for complete bacterial reduction.Conclusions
PEC is superior to PC in terms of E. faecalis inactivation presumably due to a more efficient separation and utilization of the photogenerated charge carriers, and it is mainly affected by the applied potential, initial bacterial concentration and the aqueous matrix. 相似文献17.
Phytoextraction has revealed great potential, however it is limited by the fact that plants need time and nutrient supply and have a limited metal uptake capacity. Although the use of synthetic chelators, such as EDTA, enhances heavy metal extraction, it also produces the negative side effects of high phytotoxicity, as well as leaching of essential metals. The aim of this research was to investigate the application of wool, in mobilising metals and in improving the phytoextraction of metals-contaminated soil. We performed column experiments with 14 d and 7 d partially hydrolysed wool as chelating agent on a silty-loamy sand agricultural soil. In the column experiment the 14 d wool hydrolysate mobilised 68% of Cu in soil, whereas in the case of Cd it mobilised 5.5%. The model plant selected for the phytoextraction experiments was tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The plant uptake of Cd and Cu, assisted by the application of 6.6 g kg(-1) wool hydrolysate was increased by 30% in comparison to the control plants. The application of 13.3 g kg(-1) wool hydrolysate enhanced the Cu uptake by up to 850%. Moreover, high leaching probability frequently observed when applying chelating agents, such as EDTA or ethylene diamine disuccinate (EDDS), were not detected. The use of hydrolysed wool therefore merits further investigation. 相似文献
18.
Molinos-Senante Maria Maziotis Alexandros 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):48284-48297
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The water industry plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and therefore, moving to a low-carbon urban water cycle is of... 相似文献
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Comparative study of the methods used for treatment and final disposal of sewage sludge in European countries 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Municipal wastewater treatment results to the production of large quantities of sewage sludge, which requires proper and environmentally accepted management before final disposal. In European Union, sludge management remains an open and challenging issue for the Member States as the relative European legislation is fragmentary and quite old, while the published data concerning sludge treatment and disposal in different European countries are often incomplete and inhomogeneous. The main objective of the current study was to outline the current situation and discuss future perspectives for sludge treatment and disposal in EU countries. According to the results, specific sludge production is differentiated significantly between European countries, ranging from 0.1 kg per population equivalent (p.e.) and year (Malta) to 30.8 kg per p.e. and year (Austria). More stringent legislations comparing to European Directive 86/278/EC have been adopted for sludge disposal in soil by several European countries, setting lower limit values for heavy metals as well as limit values for pathogens and organic micropollutants. A great variety of sludge treatment technologies are used in EU countries, while differences are observed between Member States. Anaerobic and aerobic digestion seems to be the most popular stabilization methods, applying in 24 and 20 countries, respectively. Mechanical sludge dewatering is preferred comparing to the use of drying beds, while thermal drying is mainly applied in EU-15 countries (old Member States) and especially in Germany, Italy, France and UK. Regarding sludge final disposal, sludge reuse (including direct agricultural application and composting) seems to be the predominant choice for sludge management in EU-15 (53% of produced sludge), following by incineration (21% of produced sludge). On the other hand, the most common disposal method in EU-12 countries (new Member States that joined EU after 2004) is still landfilling. Due to the obligations set by Directive 91/271/EC, a temporary increase of sludge amounts that are disposed in landfills is expected during the following years in EU-12 countries. Beside the above, sludge reuse in land and sludge incineration seem to be the main practices further adopted in EU-27 (all Member States) up to 2020. The reinforcement of these disposal practices will probably result to adoption of advanced sludge treatment technologies in order to achieve higher pathogens removal, odors control and removal of toxic compounds and ensure human health and environmental protection. 相似文献