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331.
António Pires Lina Ramos Margarida Venâncio Ana Isabel Rei Sérgio Castedo Jorge Saraiva 《黑龙江环境通报》2005,25(4):292-295
The authors describe a case of a male foetus whose ultrasound at 20 weeks' gestation revealed cystic hygroma, cleft lip and ventricular septal defect. Amniotic fluid cytogenetics using GTG banding showed a 46,XY,der(13)t(3;13)(q12;p11.1) rearrangement, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) delineated the relevant breakpoints. Familial studies identified a maternal balanced translocation involving chromosomes 3 and 13. The post-mortem examination confirmed the prenatal ultrasound findings. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
332.
María Teresa Barral Silva Ana Moldes Menduí?a Yolanda Cendón Seijo Francisco Díaz-Fierros Viqueira 《Waste management & research》2007,25(2):99-108
The quality of compost and its suitability for agricultural application depend upon physical and chemical parameters such as water-holding capacity, porosity, pH, electrical conductivity, C/N ratio, available nutrients and the absence of toxic substances. In the present study a complete characterization of an industrial municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) based on standardized European methods (CEN) for soil improvers and growing media was obtained, and compared with the quality of other Spanish composted biowaste and conventional substrates such as peat and pine bark. The MSWC was obtained from the main composting plant in Galicia (Spain), which processes organic waste that has been separated at origin and collected from more than 100 000 inhabitants. The MSWC presented a lower C/N ratio (15) than peat (84) and composted pine bark (CPB) (211), but had a similar ratio to other marketed MSWC. The nutrients and heavy metals were extracted using different recommended solvents (water, CaCl2 + diethylen triamin pentaacetic acid, and aqua regia). The nutrient concentrations of composted urban waste or manure were much higher than those of peat, CPB or pine bark. On the basis of the results of the plant tolerance test, the MSWC could be employed directly as a soil improver, but would need to be diluted with other low-salt components such as peat or CPB before being used as a growing media. 相似文献
333.
Ana Vicente Ana Calvo Ana P. Fernandes Teresa Nunes Cristina Monteiro Casimiro Pio Célia Alves 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(3):122-131
In summer 2010, twenty eight(14 PM_(2.5)samples plus 14 samples PM_(2.5–10)) smoke samples were collected during wildfires that occurred in central Portugal. A portable high-volume sampler was used to perform the sampling, on quartz fibre filters of coarse(PM_(2.5–10)) and fine(PM_(2.5)) smoke samples. The carbonaceous content(elemental and organic carbon) of particulate matter was analysed by a thermal–optical technique. Subsequently, the particulate samples were solvent extracted and fractionated by vacuum flash chromatography into three different classes of organic compounds(aliphatics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and carbonyl compounds). The organic speciation was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS). Emissions were dominated by the fine particles, which represented around 92% of the PM_(10). A clear predominance of carbonaceous constituents was observed, with organic to elemental carbon(OC/EC)ratios ranging between 1.69 and 245 in both size fractions. The isoprenoid ketone6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, a tracer for secondary organic aerosol formation, was one of the dominant constituents in both fine and coarse particles. Retene was the most abundant compound in all samples. Good correlations were obtained between OC and both aliphatic and PAH compounds. Pyrogenic processes, thermal release of biogenic compounds and secondary processing accounted for 97% of the apportioned PM_(2.5)levels. 相似文献
334.
Romain Amiot Delphine Angst Serge Legendre Eric Buffetaut François Fourel Jan Adolfssen Aurore André Ana Voica Bojar Aurore Canoville Abel Barral Jean Goedert Stanislaw Halas Nao Kusuhashi Ekaterina Pestchevitskaya Kevin Rey Aurélien Royer Antônio Álamo Feitosa Saraiva Bérengère Savary-Sismondini Jean-Luc Siméon Alexandra Touzeau Zhonghe Zhou Christophe Lécuyer 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2017,104(5-6):47
Oxygen isotope compositions of bone phosphate (δ18Op) were measured in broiler chickens reared in 21 farms worldwide characterized by contrasted latitudes and local climates. These sedentary birds were raised during an approximately 3 to 4-month period, and local precipitation was the ultimate source of their drinking water. This sampling strategy allowed the relationship to be determined between the bone phosphate δ18Op values (from 9.8 to 22.5‰ V-SMOW) and the local rainfall δ18Ow values estimated from nearby IAEA/WMO stations (from ?16.0 to ?1.0‰ V-SMOW). Linear least square fitting of data provided the following isotopic fractionation equation: δ18Ow = 1.119 (±0.040) δ18Op ? 24.222 (±0.644); R 2 = 0.98. The δ18Op–δ18Ow couples of five extant mallard ducks, a common buzzard, a European herring gull, a common ostrich, and a greater rhea fall within the predicted range of the equation, indicating that the relationship established for extant chickens can also be applied to birds of various ecologies and body masses. Applied to published oxygen isotope compositions of Miocene and Pliocene penguins from Peru, this new equation computes estimates of local seawater similar to those previously calculated. Applied to the basal bird Confuciusornis from the Early Cretaceous of Northeastern China, our equation gives a slightly higher δ18Ow value compared to the previously estimated one, possibly as a result of lower body temperature. These data indicate that caution should be exercised when the relationship estimated for modern birds is applied to their basal counterparts that likely had a metabolism intermediate between that of their theropod dinosaur ancestors and that of advanced ornithurines. 相似文献
335.
We investigated the temporal and spatial changes in the floristic composition and abundance in sand dunes along a coastal
strip in the province of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Firstly, we analysed changes over a span of 70 years, comparing 41 of our
own inventories carried out in 14 beach resorts in 2005–2006 with 18 inventories made in the first half of the XXth century (1930–1940) in the same study area. We grouped sampled plots into four categories for comparison, taking into account
the time period (1930–1940 or 2005–2006) and location at each end of the surveyed coastal strip in the northern or southern
‘tourist’ sectors. Secondly, we analysed the effect of afforestation with exotic trees on extant sand dune vegetation for
the period 2005–2006. A total of 74 plant inventories were carried out in afforested and natural dunes at the same resorts.
In both comparisons we contrasted plant richness, percentage plant cover, similarity and diversity. A cluster analysis was
used to classify categories taking into account plant abundance and composition. Significant differences in total diversity
were observed between sampling years, suggesting an increase in diversity at the present time due to urbanization and recreation
related activities. Nevertheless, no single exotic plant species was clearly dominant across the sampled sites, suggesting
that these coastal areas are, up to now, resistant to alien invasion. Diversity indexes discriminated by plant groups indicating
different habitat conditions and exotics were shown to be more sensitive to existing changes than to total richness and cover. 相似文献
336.
Ana Maria Faggi Fabian Fujiwara Carlos Anido Patricia E. Perelman 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,178(1-4):237-245
Multi-elemental profiles in bark of green ash trees collected in three representative areas of Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay, were assessed as potential air pollution indicators. Ten elements: Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, were measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emissions spectrometry from 70 samples collected in different environments: central, residential and rural (reference site), in order to compare spatial patterns of metal concentration. The samples used as a control were collected from a nature reserve situated far away from any significant influences, not even a nearby road. The reference site (RF) exhibited the lowest concentrations of Al, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn. However, Ba and Mn showed similar concentrations in all measured sites. Magnesium is the only element that had a greater concentration in RF than at the other sites. Copper did not show any clear pattern. The Centre of Montevideo (MVD) showed higher concentrations of Al, Ba, Cr, Fe, Pb and Zn than the Centre of Buenos Aires (BA). In the A sectors, Montevideo (SAMVD) showed higher concentrations of Al, Cu, Mg, Ni, and Zn and lower concentrations of Ba, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Pb than Buenos Aires (SABA). In the B sectors, Montevideo (SBMVD) showed higher concentrations of Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn and lower concentrations of Cr and Mg than Buenos Aires (SBBA), but similar concentrations of Mn and Ni. The use of bark for biomonitoring metals allowed us to detect concentration differences related to the urban fabric and the different kinds of vehicles and their fuels. In the cities, the differences in metal concentrations detected in bark were more striking between the sectors than between centers, despite CBA being much larger than CMVD in population, extension and vehicular traffic. 相似文献
337.
Reif R Santos A Judd SJ Lema JM Omil F 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(1):137-144
The occurrence and fate of eight pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) during sewage treatment has been studied in a pilot-scale treatment plant, comprising a primary settler (2.85 m(3)), an aeration tank (1.845 m(3)) and a secondary clarifier (0.5 m(3)), placed on site at a wastewater treatment works in the north west of the UK. It was fed both with raw sewage and the return liquor produced after sludge centrifugation, thus representing the most common configuration for a municipal sewage treatment plant based on the activated sludge process. Samples were taken at six different locations, including the return liquor stream, and analysed for musk fragrances and pharmaceutically active compounds belonging to various therapeutic groups such as anti-inflammatory drugs, tranquillisers and antiepileptics. Mass balances were conducted for those PPCPs that were quantifiable. The fate of the PPCPs was found to differ according to their physical-chemical characteristics. Anti-inflammatories underwent a degradation process and were almost completely removed from sewage during the biological treatment step. Musk fragrances were only partially removed, through adsorption onto the primary suspended solids and the biomass in the aerobic process, due to their strong lipophilic characteristics. The results of this study provide increasing evidence that the partial removal of these substances through the sewage treatment process contribute to the environmental occurrence of PPCPs. Consequently, existing STPs should be upgraded in order to attenuate the release of these substances into the aquatic environment. 相似文献
338.
Barroso CM Rato M Veríssimo A Sousa A Santos JA Coelho S Gaspar MB Maia F Galante-Oliveira S 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(11):3018-3025
Spatial and temporal trends of tributyltin (TBT) pollution on the northern continental shelf of Portugal (5-34 m depth) were assessed using Nassarius reticulatus as a bioindicator. Imposex levels were determined in 2006 and 2010, and integrated with age readings from statoliths for a better chronological analysis of the data. Females affected with imposex were detected in 84% of the sites surveyed in 2006, with levels higher than the Ecological Quality Objective (EcoQO) set by the OSPAR Commission for N. reticulatus (VDSI < 0.3) in approximately half of those sites. In 2010, imposex was only detected in 20% of the surveyed sites and, when detected, the VDSI were lower than the EcoQO, except for one location. The comparison between the current results and the levels previously reported for 2004 and 2005 in the same offshore area evidences a clear decline of imposex in 2010 that confirms the efficacy of Regulation (EC) No. 782/2003 and the IMO AFS-Convention (entered into force in 2003 and 2008, respectively). Moreover, the age of the whelks used in the monitoring is estimated in 3-5 years, indicating that actual TBT water contamination in 2010 may in fact be lower than that extrapolated from the imposex levels. We conclude that the legislation was indeed very effective in reducing TBT pollution in the NW Portuguese continental shelf, not only in terms of the magnitude but also in terms of fast field repercussion. 相似文献
339.
Caliari Paulo Cezar Pacheco Maria José Ciríaco Lurdes Lopes Ana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24138-24149
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this work was to evaluate the pollutant load from tannery effluents treated by chemical coagulation (CC) followed by electro-oxidation... 相似文献
340.