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641.
Nalli S Horn OJ Grochowalski AR Cooper DG Nicell JA 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,140(1):181-185
2-Ethylhexanol has been identified as a volatile organic compound (VOC) that contributes to the deterioration of indoor air quality. Plasticizers are common components of dust and building materials and are shown to be degraded by a variety of bacteria and fungi to produce 2-ethylhexanol and other metabolites. Of these, the 2-ethylhexanol has significant volatility and was observed in appreciable quantities. The degree to which 2-ethylhexanol is observed as a VOC in air samples would be limited by the fact that many of the microorganisms that are capable of producing this compound are also able to oxidize it to 2-ethylhexanoic acid, which is much less volatile. It is argued that an abiotic degradation mechanism of plasticizers that results in the generation of 2-ethylhexanol is unlikely and, if this did occur, other metabolites should have been observed. Thus, the microbial degradation of plasticizers is the most likely source of 2-ethylhexanol in indoor air. 相似文献
642.
Degradation of warmwater streams in agricultural landscapes is a pervasive problem, and reports of restoration effectiveness
based on monitoring data are rare. Described is the outcome of rehabilitation of two deeply incised, unstable sand-and-gravel-bed
streams. Channel networks of both watersheds were treated using standard erosion control measures, and aquatic habitats within
1-km-long reaches of each stream were further treated by addition of instream structures and planting woody vegetation on
banks (“habitat rehabilitation”). Fish and their habitats were sampled semiannually during 1–2 years before rehabilitation,
3–4 years after rehabilitation, and 10–11 years after rehabilitation. Reaches with only erosion control measures located upstream
from the habitat measure reaches and in similar streams in adjacent watersheds were sampled concurrently. Sediment concentrations
declined steeply throughout both watersheds, with means ≥40% lower during the post-rehabilitation period than before. Physical
effects of habitat rehabilitation were persistent through time, with pool habitat availability much higher in rehabilitated
reaches than elsewhere. Fish community structure responded with major shifts in relative species abundance: as pool habitats
increased after rehabilitation, small-bodied generalists and opportunists declined as certain piscivores and larger-bodied
species such as centrarchids and catostomids increased. Reaches without habitat rehabilitation were significantly shallower,
and fish populations there were similar to the rehabilitated reaches prior to treatment. These findings are applicable to
incised, warmwater streams draining agricultural watersheds similar to those we studied. Rehabilitation of warmwater stream
ecosystems is possible with current knowledge, but a major shift in stream corridor management strategies will be needed to
reverse ongoing degradation trends. Apparently, conventional channel erosion controls without instream habitat measures are
ineffective tools for ecosystem restoration in incised, warmwater streams of the Southeastern U.S., even if applied at the
watershed scale and accompanied by significant reductions in suspended sediment concentration. 相似文献
643.
Lead fishing weights and gun shot have been identified as a widespread cause of poisoning of swans and other wildfowl (order Anseriformes). As part of the efforts to find environmentally acceptable substitutes for lead, this paper describes the results obtained from a trial which involved the feeding of zinc shot to groups of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Observations of the mallard during the experimental period, post mortem examination, histo-pathological examination and also chemical analysis of liver, kidney and feathers, revealed no ill effects to the dosed birds and indicated that zinc metal in shot from probably presents no detectable health threat to wild birds if ingested. 相似文献
644.
Mol Marcos Paulo Gomes Zolnikov Tara Rava Neves Arthur Couto dos Santos Giulia Roriz Tolentino Júlia Luiza Lopes de Vasconcelos Barros Raphael Tobias Heller Leo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42466-42475
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There are increasing worldwide concerns about the negative impacts of healthcare waste generated in hospitals, especially in low- and middle-income... 相似文献