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951.
M. E. C. Queiroz F. M. Lanças 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):467-476
Abstract A method for the determination of the mobility of the herbicides, alachlor, metolachlor, simazine and atrazine in soil is described . The method is based on the use of soil thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) and does not require the use of radiolabelled compounds. Soil on the TLC plate after development was separated into various bands, the material in each band was extracted with solvents and analyzed by gas chromatography. 相似文献
952.
Chormey Dotse Selali Erarpat Sezin Zaman Buse Tuğba Özdoğan Nizamettin Yağmuroğlu Ozan Bakırdere Sezgin 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(3):1863-1880
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The occurrence of contaminants in the environment requires very sensitive analytical techniques for their determination. For that, analytical techniques have been... 相似文献
953.
Elizeu S. Farias Eliete M. P. Silva Milena G. Teixeira Jhulyana S. Ferreira Elson S. Alvarenga Marcelo C. Picanço 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(1):49-56
In this study, the insecticide potential of eight phthalides derived from furan-2(5H)-one was evaluated against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae. The potency of the most active phthalides and the susceptibility of six different T. absoluta populations to these compounds were determined. The toxicity of these molecules to two non-target species (Solenopsis saevissima Smith and Tetragonisca angustula Latreille) was also evaluated. Two phthalides (3 and 4) presented insecticide potential against T. absoluta. Phthalide 4 was as toxic as piperine (positive control) and both phthalides exhibited rapid action (LT50 < 2 hours). The variation in the susceptibility of T. absoluta populations to the phthalides 3 and 4 was low. Neither phthalide presented physiological selectivity for non-target species.
Therefore, the phthalides 3 and 4 are promising molecules, or at least, a starting point for a chemical optimization program leading to formulations for the management of the tomato leafminer. The application of such products should be conducted according to the principles of ecological selectivity. 相似文献
954.
Jardel L. Pereira Tarcísio V. S. Galdino Geverson A. R. Silva Marcelo C. Picanço Antônio A. Silva Alberto S. Corrêa 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(7):447-453
This study aimed to assess the glyphosate application effects on the Cerotoma arcuata Oliver (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) population in glyphosate-resistant soybean crops. Field studies were conducted with glyphosate and the insecticide endosulfan to observe the effects of these pesticides on C. arcuata, on its damages in the crop and on the populations of natural enemies in glyphosate-resistant soybean crops. Moreover, the lethal and behavioral sublethal response of C. arcuata to glyphosate and endosulfan was conducted in the laboratory. The results of the field and laboratory experiments showed that glyphosate caused moderate toxicity and high irritability in C. arcuata and that endosulfan caused high toxicity and irritability. Therefore, the direct effect of glyphosate on C. arcuata was negative and does not explain the population increases of this pest in glyphosate-resistant soybean. However, the glyphosate also decreased the density of predators. Thus, the negative effect of glyphosate on the predators may be related to population increases of C. arcuata in glyphosate-resistant soybean crops, however, more studies are needed to better evidence this relationship. This study suggests that glyphosate can impact other non-target organisms, such as herbivorous insects and natural enemies and that the use of this herbicide will need to be carefully stewarded to prevent potential disturbances in beneficial insect communities in agricultural systems. 相似文献
955.
Reyhan Akçaalan Meric Albay Latife Koker Julia Baudart Delphine Guillebault Sabine Fischer Wilfried Weigel Linda K. Medlin 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(1):42
Monitoring drinking water quality is an important public health issue. Two objectives from the 4 years, six nations, EU Project μAqua were to develop hierarchically specific probes to detect and quantify pathogens in drinking water using a PCR-free microarray platform and to design a standardised water sampling program from different sources in Europe to obtain sufficient material for downstream analysis. Our phylochip contains barcodes (probes) that specifically identify freshwater pathogens that are human health risks in a taxonomic hierarchical fashion such that if species is present, the entire taxonomic hierarchy (genus, family, order, phylum, kingdom) leading to it must also be present, which avoids false positives. Molecular tools are more rapid, accurate and reliable than traditional methods, which means faster mitigation strategies with less harm to humans and the community. We present microarray results for the presence of freshwater pathogens from a Turkish lake used drinking water and inferred cyanobacterial cell equivalents from samples concentrated from 40 into 1 L in 45 min using hollow fibre filters. In two companion studies from the same samples, cyanobacterial toxins were analysed using chemical methods and those dates with highest toxin values also had highest cell equivalents as inferred from this microarray study. 相似文献
956.
Mireille Harmouche-Karaki Joseph Matta Khalil Helou Yara Mahfouz Nicole Fakhoury-Sayegh Jean-François Narbonne 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(15):14350-14360
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were banned by the Stockholm Convention many years ago; however, they are still detected in the environment due to their high persistence, their current illegal use, and their import from countries where they have not been banned. We evaluated the serum concentrations of selected OCPs (hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexanes (β-HCH), p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolite p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in a sample of Lebanese adults using gas chromatography coupled to an ion trap mass spectrometer detector. The mean concentrations of HCB, β-HCH, DDT, and DDE were 7.1, 8.6, 2.1, and 18.9 ng/g of lipids, respectively, and the major contributor among the four OCPs was DDE. The OCP levels in the present study were in general lower than the values observed in several countries worldwide and their concentrations at the 95th percentile were lower than the biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) excluding any appreciable health risk. We observed an inverse association between HCB concentrations and body mass index (BMI) as well as HCB, β-HCH, and DDE levels, and smoking habits. Milk consumption however was positively associated with an increased serum level of β-HCH. This study, which was the first to investigate OCP serum levels in a Lebanese population, provides a baseline to which future measurements can be compared. 相似文献
957.
Tainã Gonçalves Loureiro Pedro Manuel Anastácio Sérgio Luiz de Siqueira Bueno Paula Beatriz Araujo 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(9):559
Invasive species are one of the main threats to biodiversity. When an alien species is introduced into a new environment, fast identification and definition of management strategies may avoid or minimize impacts. When an invasive species is already established, the most adopted approaches are population control and monitoring. In order to perform such strategies, assessment of characteristics of the invasive population is imperative. This study tested a new method of population size estimation and monitoring in an invasive population of crayfish Procambarus clarkii in a conservation area in the Atlantic Rain Forest (Southeastern Brazil). The population dynamics was studied for 1 year to examine the efficacy of the selected method and to evaluate if the population is stable. Later, the effect of periodical removal of animals on the population size was tested. The method of population estimation used in this study proved to be very effective. We recommend using it to monitor invasive populations of P. clarkii. The population size varied discretely over the year with variable but low growth rate, indicating that the population is already established which introduce a notable threat to native species. The continuous removal of specimens proved to be inefficient since the growth rate was higher after the removal. One intensive removal event might be more effective than a continuous moderate removal as the one applied in this study. 相似文献
958.
Baba A Ereeş FS Hiçsönmez U Cam S Ozdilek HG 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,139(1-3):277-285
Fifteen bottled mineral waters purchased at random all over Turkey were analyzed for their chemical composition by OPTIMA-2000
ICP-AES Perkin Elmer techniques. Results show a wide spread in the chemical specification of these mineral waters, with differences
in chemical composition observed in the regions being due to the geological environment and the majority of bottled mineral
waters exceeding the pH limit of Turkish drinking water standards. When the concentrations of elements are evaluated, it can
readily be seen that generally there are three types of mineral water in Turkey. The concentrations of Al, B, Ba, Cd, Cu,
Cr, Fe, Mn Pb and Zn in mineral water were compared with the limits established by the Turkish Standard for Natural Mineral
Waters (Turkish Official Gazette 2004); water standards prepared by World Health Organization (2006) and the United States of America Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) drinking water standards (1993). Such a comparison shows that, except for Ba and Mn, the concentrations of the other heavy metals are lower than the limit
of the US.EPA in Turkey. Some parameters examined were found to comprise strong correlations pair-wise. 相似文献
959.
We investigated conventional characterization of wastewaters of the "Kullar Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant." In the study of conventional characterization; 23 composite samples, which were taken during 10 months, were used and analysed as COD, BOD5, TKN, NH3-N, SS, VSS, TP, RP, TS, Alkalinity, oil and grease, detergent, chloride parameters. For determine of the plant efficiency, 8 output grab samples were taken. The COD and BOD5 values of influent, respectively, ranging from 37 to 1,056 mg/L and 8 to 140 mg/L in total wastewater. The meanly BOD5/COD ratio was calculated as 0.34 in total wastewaters. 相似文献
960.
Monitoring the impacts of urbanization and industrialization on the agricultural land and environment of the Torbali, Izmir region, Turkey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this research is to determine agricultural land loss and environmental pollution caused by industrialization and
urban sprawl using the Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing technique (RS). Remotely sensed data is the
most powerful tool for monitoring land use changes and GIS is the best way to store and reproduce various kinds of integrated
data. Considering the rapid increase of population the loss of fertile agricultural soils is a very dangerous situation for
the future of the country. Thus, people are living in the cities in (with adverse) conditions of insufficient drinking water,
infrastructure problems, inadequate landscape and many unsolved (extreme) environmental problems. During the last 36 years,
unplanned urbanization and industrialization have led to the use of agricultural areas for non-agricultural purposes in the
Torbali (Izmir) region, which has the most fertile soils of the Aegean Region. Within this study, a database was created on
the parameters of land loss and environmental pollution by means of field observation, interpretation of satellite images
(ASTER), aerial photos(1/25.000 scale), topographic map ,soil map, and 1/5.000 scale cadastral map. Results of previous researches
and the archives of Torbali municipality were used as ancillary data. In the research, urbanization and industrialization
of the town was studied by (using) GIS and RS between 1965 and 2001. Since 1965, 4.742.357 m2 agricultural land, mostly of first and second land use capability classes, has been lost due to unplanned urban and industrial
developments. Urbanization and industrialization involved an area of which 58% was being used as irrigated lands, 25 % rain
feed (rain fed lands)and 17 % for olive growing. 相似文献