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101.
Sonia Akter Roy Brouwer Saria Choudhury Salina Aziz 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2009,14(3):215-229
The study aims to assess the commercial viability of a potential crop insurance market in Bangladesh. In a large scale household
survey, agricultural farm households were asked for their preferences for a hypothetical crop insurance scheme using double
bounded (DB) contingent valuation (CV) method. Both revenue and production cost based indemnity payment approaches were applied
to assess the commercial viability of a crop insurance program assuming a partner-agent (PA) model of insurance supply. Crop
insurance is found marginally commercially viable in riverine flood plain areas. The expected indemnity payable consistently
exceeds the expected insurance premium receivable by the insurer for the households living in wetland basin and coastal floodplain.
We conclude that a uniform structure of crop insurance market does not exist in Bangladesh. The nature of the disaster risks
faced by the farm households and the socio-economic characteristics of the rural farm communities need to be taken into careful
consideration while designing such an insurance scheme.
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Sonia AkterEmail: |
102.
Hirche A Salamani M Abdellaoui A Benhouhou S Valderrama JM 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,179(1-4):403-420
This study aims to monitor the arid Algerian High Plateaus, a key region for pastoral activities which has suffered harsh and widespread degradation from the eighties. This area is not sufficiently known by the international scientific community. For this purpose, we considered phytoecological inventories and thematic maps that have been carried out during 30 years. Available data for the study are vegetation maps derived from aerial photographs (1975-1978) and from satellite imagery (2006). The parameters considered include vegetation, flora, and soil surface properties. The study area is part of the ROSELT/OSS (ROSELT: Réseau d'Observatoires de Surveillance Ecologique à Long Terme (Long Term Ecological Monitoring Observatories Network); OSS: Observatory of the Sahara and the Sahel) network observatory (OSS 2008). To assess land degradation, we used landscape ecology parameters. These include the number and surface area of vegetation units, synthesized by the large patch index and the Shannon landscape diversity index. All parameters reflect an increase in landscape heterogeneity. The largest decline is observed for Stipa tenacissima vegetation units constituting 2/3 of the landscape in 1978 and occupied just 1/10 in 2006. Vegetation units linked to degradation, such those dominated by Salsola vermiculata, inexistent in 1978, now dominate the steppe. Another result of the ongoing landscape degradation on the plateaus between 1975 and 2006 is the decrease of vegetation cover. In 1978, 1/3 of rangelands only had low vegetation covers, inferior to 15%. Presently 9/10 present the same class cover. This can be explained by severe spells of drought combined by an exponential rise of livestock during the last 30 years. This has in turn greatly undermined the fodder potential of the steppe. Results suggest that the "greening-up" described by several authors in the Sahel over the last 40 years is not observed in the Algerian, nor in the North African steppes. On the contrary, the desertification is still ongoing and the threshold of irreversibility seems to be imminent. 相似文献
103.
Mimi H. Hassim Markku Hurme David W. Edwards Nik N.N.A. Aziz Fariha L.M. Rahim 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2013,91(6):438-451
The concept of inherently safer design was introduced to design a fundamentally safer process so that hazards can be avoided or minimized rather than controlled or managed. The ideology has later been extended to the environmental, but not health criteria due to its complicated underlying principles. Even though health risk methods are already established, majority are for existing plants assessment. Early consideration of health aspect starting from process design stage however, has received much less attention. This paper introduces a simple graphical method to evaluate the inherent occupational health hazards of chemical processes during the R&D stage. A survey was conducted to identify the important health parameters for the graphical method development, involving nine world inherent safety and health experts. Based on their input, process mode, material volatility, operating pressure and chemical health hazard (toxicity and adverse effect) are the significant factors affecting inherent health hazards of chemical processes. The choice of parameters was bounded by the information availability at this stage. The method was applied on six routes to methyl methacrylate and ten routes to acetic acid. The parameters were plotted for each subprocess of the alternative routes. The ‘healthiest’ route was selected based on thorough hazards assessment across all the subprocesses. The first case study reveals the tertiary butyl alcohol as the ‘healthiest’ one as it poses relatively lower, or at least comparable hazards to the other routes due to exposure and health impacts. Meanwhile the acetic acid case study indicates ethanol oxide and ethyl oxide based routes as the inherently healthier as they operate at lower operating pressure besides posing comparable hazards level for the other three parameters, compared to the other routes. The case studies show that the inherent occupational health of a chemical process can already be evaluated easily in the R&D stage with the simple graphical method proposed. 相似文献
104.
Zhang Zhaomin Bashir Tadadus Song Jiaxuan Aziz Shahab Yahya Ghulam Bashir Sana Zamir Aysha 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(1):405-416
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - South Asia is a hub for encompassing air contamination, with 37 of the top tiers of the 40 most contaminated urban communities around the globe... 相似文献
105.
Hagos Ftwi Y. Abd Aziz Abd Rashid Zainal Ezrann Zharif Mofijur M. Ahmed Shams Forruque 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(1):263-281
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Globally, 150–170 billion cubic metres of gas are being flared annually from petroleum refineries, petrochemical industries and from landfills. In this... 相似文献
106.
Jayaweera Chamanthi Denisha Aziz Norashid 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(1):1069-1085
Environment, Development and Sustainability - In a water treatment plant, the decision to carry out a jar test, for determining the required coagulant dosage, is made based on notable changes in... 相似文献
107.
108.
Sohu Samiullah Bheel Naraindas Jhatial Ashfaque Ahmed Ansari Abdul Aziz Shar Irfan Ali 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(39):58685-58697
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cement production emits a significant carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, dramatically influencing the environment. Furthermore, a large amount of energy is... 相似文献
109.
Najmi Arsalan Kanapathy Kanagi Aziz Azmin Azliza 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(1):410-424
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The pandemic of COVID-19 has disrupted every human life by putting the global activities at halt. In such a situation, people while staying at home... 相似文献
110.
Mustafa Shaymaa Bahar Arifah Aziz Zainal Abdul Darwish Mohamad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(58):87114-87131
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Modeling three-dimensional contaminant transport released from arbitrary shape source geometries is useful in hydrological and environmental sciences.... 相似文献