Toxicological assessment of TiO2 nanoparticles by recombinant Escherichia coli bacteria

Rapid and efficient methods to assess nanoparticle toxicity are desired in current research. Here we showed that Escherichia coli labeled by green fluorescent protein can be a good model bacterium for assessing acute toxicity of TiO(2) (about 50% inhibition ratios after 135 min exposure). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that TiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) can influence certain protein expression in the recombinant bacterium, and the obvious effects in repressed expression and elevated expression were observed in 30/40, 10/20 μg mL(-1) treated cells, respectively. However, the GFP expression (27 kD) was not influenced by introduced TiO(2) NPs. The change of the fluorescence intensity may be caused by the damage in folding and chromophore formation of the GFP post-translational modification due to generated reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, TiO(2) NPs at higher concentrations decreased their toxicity because of aggregation. 20 μg mL(-1) humic acid (HA) introduced to the medium can decrease the fluorescent inhibition owing to the barrier of steric hindrance it provides between NPs and cells.     

Perfluoroalkyl acids in blood serum samples from children in Taiwan

Severe perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) contamination resulting from the fast-growing semiconductor, electrochemical, and optoelectronic industries has been determined in the river water in the vicinity of the Taipei area, Taiwan, during recent years. However, little is known about body burdens of the PFAA contaminations in local residents, especially children living in the Taipei area recently. In this study, ten target PFAA analytes consisted of three perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs) and seven perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) in the blood serum samples, collected from 225 healthy children with an average age of 13.6 years in the Taipei area from 2009 to 2010, were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). As the dominant PFAA contaminant in the blood serum samples from Taiwanese children, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) contributed 86 % of all the target PFAA analytes, while the other nine analytes contributed less than 5 % individually. PFOS showed the highest median up to 29 ng/mL, ranging from 0.03 to 148 ng/mL, which was higher than that observed in the serum samples collected from Taiwanese children between 2006 and 2008. Statistically, serum concentrations of perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) had significantly positive correlations with ages of children (p?<?0.05). Furthermore, serum PFBS, PFHxS, and PFOA concentrations in the male children were considerably higher than those in the female children (p?=?0.049, p?=?0.000, p?=?0.000).     

无机离子对石墨烯/TiO2纳米管阵列光电极光催化性能影响

采用原位阳极氧化法制备二氧化钛纳米管阵列(TNAs)光电极,并采用电沉积工艺对其进行石墨烯修饰。以罗丹明B(Rh.B)为目标污染物,考察了染料溶液中主要无机离子对光电极光催化降解Rh.B的影响。实验结果表明,150W氙灯照射1 h,石墨烯/TNAs对Rh.B光催化降解率达到75%,是TNAs光电极的1.45倍。溶液中NO-3,Ca2+和Mg2+促进光电极对Rh.B的光催化降解,而SO2-4,Cl-和F-则会抑制对Rh.B的降解。     

贵州某磷化工企业污染地块土壤污染状况调查案例分析

随着城市化进程加速和产业结构调整,传统磷化工企业由于搬迁、改造或关闭而遗留大量的污染地块.污染场地不仅危害区域环境、影响居民身体健康,还严重影响地块的再开发利用,因此需要对其进行土壤污染状况调查,为后续地块的环境管理提供依据.本文以贵州某磷化工企业地块为例,通过地块污染调查,摸清了地块污染特征、污染范围和分布,可作为示...     

Significance of dredging on sediment denitrification in Meiliang Bay, China： A year long simulation study

An experiment for studying the effects of sediment dredging on denitrification in sediments was carried out through a one-year incubation of undredged (control) and dredged cores in laboratory. Dredging the upper 30 cm of sediment can significantly affect physico-chemical characteristics of sediments. Less degradation of organic matter in the dredged sediments was found during the experiment. Denitrification rates in the sediments were estimated by the acetylene blockage technique, and ranged from 21.6 to 102.7 nmol N2/(g dry weight (dw)·hr) for the undredged sediment and from 6.9 to 26.9 nmol N2/(g dw·hr) for dredged sediments. The denitrification rates in the undredged sediments were markedly higher (p0.05) than those in the dredged sediments throughout the incubation, with the exception of February 2006. The importance of various environmental factors on denitrification was assessed, which indicated that denitrification was regulated by temperature. Nitrate was probably the key factor limiting denitrification in both undredged and dredged sediments. Organic carbon played some role in determining the denitrification rates in the dredged sediments, but not in the undredged sediments. Sediment dredging influenced the mineralization of organic matter and denitrification in the sediment; and therefore changed the pattern of inherent cycling of nitrogen.     

论城市规划与环境规划的隔阂与合力

文章通过分析城市规划与环境规划的在起源、价值观、技术方法和工作流程中的联系,论述了二者在理想状态下相互促进、形成合力的可能性;通过分析实践中可能存在缺位错位的环节和深层的思想、制度根源,指出城市规划和环境规划出现隔阂甚至对立的症结,并着重就做好规划环评、重新定义各类规划角色地位、城市规划自身的全面生态化三方面寻求解决途径。     

电动单梁起重机检验过程中的问题

电动单梁起重机被广泛应用于国民经济建设的各个领域和部门,是现代大工业生产中不可缺少的重要设备。由于电动单梁起重机的使用环境复杂,在使用过程中一旦发生事故,会造成机毁人亡。下面对电动单梁起重机的几个常见问题进行探讨。     

Radiation induced decomposition of a refractory cefathiamidine intermediate

Diisopropylthiourea（DPT）, an intermediate of a widely used cephalosporin, has been found to be one of the most refractory components in cephalosporin synthesis wastewater.This compound cannot be completely removed by conventional biological processes due to its antimicrobial property. Ionizing radiation has been applied in the decomposition of refractory pollutants in recent years and has proved effective. Therefore, the decomposition of DPT by γ-irradiation was studied. The compound was irradiated at the dose of 150–2000 Gy before a change of concentration and UV absorption of the solutions was detected.Furthermore, the decomposition kinetics and radiation yield（G-value） of DPT was investigated. The results of radiation experiments on DPT-containing aqueous showed that the DPT can be effectively degraded by γ-radiation. DPT concentration decreased with increasing absorbed doses. G-values of radiolytic decomposition for DPT（20 mg/L） were 1.04 and 0.47 for absorbed doses of 150 and 2000 Gy, respectively. The initial concentration and p H of the solutions affected the degradation. As the concentration of substrate increased,the decomposition was reduced. The decrease of removal rate and radiation efficacy under alkaline condition suggested that lower p H values benefit the γ-induced degradation. UV absorption from 190 to 250 nm decreased after radiation while that from 250 to 300 nm increased, indicating the formation of by-products.     

天然气生产井井喷抢险演练新方法

分析了采气井井喷抢险演练存在的问题,提出了一种天然气生产井井喷抢险演练的新方法,实践效果较好,达到模拟井喷时的现场状况的目的,能够在井控应急预案培训中起到锻炼抢险队伍的作用。     

经济发达区域生态化发展研究——以张家港经济技术开发区为例

中国苏南地区经济基础雄厚,生态环境良好,但区域生态化发展仍面临着产业亟需转型升级、自主研发能力不足和土地资源紧缺等制约.优化发展方式,实现生态化改造是经济发达地区进一步发展的必然选择.文章以张家港经济技术开发区为研究对象,在对其存在问题进行分析的基础上,从企业、园区和区域三个层次提出了生态化发展的途径,并从产业改造和结构提升、积极发展低碳经济和加强产城共建等方面加以展开,可为张家港经济技术开发区的建设提供科学决策的依据.