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991.
Soran Maria-Loredana Opriş Ocsana Lung Ildikó Kacso Irina Porav Alin S. Stan Manuela 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(19):16396-16406
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the recent years, residual antibiotics are considered to be emerging environmental pollutants due to their continuous input and persistence into... 相似文献
992.
Péter Avar Zita Zrínyi Gábor Maász Anikó Takátsy Sándor Lovas László G.-Tóth Zsolt Pirger 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(12):11630-11638
17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2), which are environmental estrogens, have been determined with LC-MS in freshwater. Their sensitive analysis needs derivatization and therefore is very hard to achieve in multiresidue screening. We analyzed samples from all the large and some small rivers (River Danube, Drava, Mur, Sava, Tisza, and Zala) of the Carpathian Basin and from Lake Balaton. Freshwater was extracted on solid phase and derivatized using dansyl chloride. Separation was performed on a Kinetex XB-C18 column. Detection was achieved with a benchtop orbitrap mass spectrometer using targeted MS analysis for quantification. Limits of quantification were 0.05 ng/L (MS1) and 0.1 ng/L (MS/MS) for E2, and 0.001 ng/L (MS1) and 0.2 ng/L (MS/MS) for EE2. River samples contained n.d.–5.2 ng/L E2 and n.d.–0.68 ng/L EE2. Average levels of E2 and EE2 were 0.61 and 0.084 ng/L, respectively, in rivers, water courses, and Lake Balaton together, but not counting city canal water. EE2 was less abundant, but it was still present in almost all of the samples. In beach water samples from Lake Balaton, we measured 0.076–0.233 E2 and n.d.–0.133 EE2. A relative high amount of EE2 was found in river Zala (0.68 ng/L) and in Hévíz-Páhoki canal (0.52 ng/L), which are both in the catchment area of Lake Balaton (Hungary). 相似文献
993.
Florencia Fernández Campón 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(3):279-289
In species with widespread distribution, populations found in markedly different environments can show differences in developmental
traits. This, in time, can have an effect on reproductive success. Sources of variation in developmental traits can be genetic
or environmentally induced. I examined the relationship between environmental and genetic influences on juvenile development
in populations of the colonial spider, Parawixia bistriata, located at sites with different moisture regimes and associated environmental variables (e.g., prey availability). It was
expected that individuals from different populations would show differences in developmental traits and that those differences
will be associated with lower reproductive success at dry sites. I recorded the phenology and developmental traits of native
and transplanted individuals in the field and estimated reproductive success based on clutch size. Colonies from wet versus
dry sites showed different phenologies, with individuals at dry sites maturing later. Transplant results suggest plasticity
in instar duration caused by environmental effects. Despite differences in resources and spider phenology, clutch sizes of
native dry and wet populations were similar. Transplanted individuals, however, were differentially affected. Transplants
from wet to dry sites (WD) showed lower growth rates and smaller clutches, whereas transplants from dry to wet sites had larger
clutch sizes than in native habitat. Delayed maturation and failure to reproduce in WD individuals is associated with a lower
tendency to capture prey in groups and less aggressive interactions during prey capture. Thus, despite negative environmental
effects on development, dry native individuals have evolved non-developmental traits that allow successful reproduction. 相似文献
994.
Eszter Szász László Zsolt Garamszegi Gergely Hegyi Eszter Szöllősi Gábor Markó János Török Balázs Rosivall 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2014,101(8):653-660
Brood sex ratio is often affected by parental or environmental quality, presumably in an adaptive manner that is the sex that confers higher fitness benefits to the mother is overproduced. So far, studies on the role of parental quality have focused on parental morphology and attractiveness. However, another aspect, the partner’s behavioral characteristics, may also be expected to play a role in brood sex ratio adjustment. To test this hypothesis, we investigated whether the proportion of sons in the brood is predicted by the level of territorial aggression displayed by the father, in the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis). The proportion of sons in the brood was higher in early broods and increased with paternal tarsus length. When controlling for breeding date and body size, we found a higher proportion of sons in the brood of less aggressive fathers. Male nestlings are more sensitive to the rearing environment, and the behavior of courting males may often be used by females to assess their future parental activity. Therefore, adjusting brood sex ratio to the level of male aggression could be adaptive. Our results indicate that the behavior of the partner could indeed be a significant determinant in brood sex ratio adjustment, which should not be overlooked in future studies. 相似文献
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996.
R P Pivelli W M R Günther G R Matté M T P Razzolini S A Cutolo S Martone-Rocha F A S Peternella M C O Dória M H Matté 《Water environment research》2008,80(3):205-211
Wastewater reuse has become an important alternative to agricultural irrigation; on the other hand, it poses concern with regard to public health. Total coliform and Escherichia coli concentration, presence of helminth eggs and Salmonella, and physical-chemical parameters were evaluated in raw and treated wastewater. Chemical and biochemical oxygen demand removal efficiency was 74.6 and 77.9%, respectively. As for organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids, total efficiency removal was 17.4, 12.5, and 32.9%, respectively. The average density of total coliforms and E. coli was 3.5 x 10(9) and 1.8 x 10(8) MPN/100 mL and 1.1 x 10(7) MPN/100 mL and 3.9 x 10(5) MPN/100 mL for raw and treated wastewater, respectively. Ascaris eggs were observed in 80.8% of the samples collected, and viable eggs in 42.3% of the samples. Salmonella was detected in 36.4% of the samples. The values observed in treated wastewater did not show the adequate bacteriological quality, as recommended by World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland). Therefore, additional measures should be taken to achieve an improved microbiological and parasitological quality. 相似文献
997.
Remei Aldrich F. Xavier Llauró Josep Puig Pere Mutjé M. Àngels Pèlach 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(9-10):1072-1079
The paper industry is responsible for a considerable amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mainly due to its intensive energy requirements. The production of heat and power streams in a cogeneration system, i.e., a combined heat and power (CHP) plant, releases considerable amounts of GHG emissions into the atmosphere. Such emissions are already subjected to legislation globally. The amount of GHG emissions is usually calculated from the product of the total amount of energy activity multiplied by an emission factor. However, each energy output stream should get a share of emissions responsibility. This fact could assist in assigning weights to the emissions generated for power and thermal purposes in a combined heat and power plant. However, developing a suitable method of allocating emissions in a cogeneration system is still a concern and a subject research for scientists, companies and policy makers. This paper exposes and evaluates different published allocation methods and applies them to a real case of a combined heat and power plant integrated in a paper mill and proposes a new allocation method. 相似文献
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