NiCeY改性沸石吸附燃料油中二苯并噻吩的研究

用NaY沸石制备了负载二元金属Ni和Ce的NiCeY燃料油脱硫吸附剂,并通过静态吸附实验考察了NiCeY沸石对模拟燃油中二苯并噻吩（DBT）的吸附性能。结果表明,在正辛烷/DBT体系中,NiCeY 对DBT的吸附平衡时间为2 h;剂油比对脱硫率有明显影响,剂油比为0.1 g/mL时脱硫率达100%。在正辛烷/DBT/环己烯体系中,吸附剂对DBT吸附量的大小顺序为：NaY＜NiY＜CeY相似文献   

粉煤灰/污泥烧结陶粒的研制与应用

以粉煤灰和工业污水处理站的剩余污泥为主要原材料,采用烧结法研制复合陶粒.分析了不同配方和不同烧结温度对陶粒性能的影响,以陶粒吸水率、容重为评价指标确定最佳配比和最佳烧结温度,并对陶粒用于铺设景观水底、治理城市水体进行了可行性分析.粉煤灰/污泥陶粒的容重为0.79～0.90 g/m3,吸水率为68.95%～80.01%.陶粒对水中氨氮和总磷吸附容量分别为0.03～0.05 mg/g和0.01～0.02 mg/g.     

电凝并式空气净化单元对颗粒物和甲醛净化效果的实验

研究一种新型电凝并式空气净化单元对室内空气中颗粒物和甲醛的净化效果.实验结果表明,高压高频(HV-HF)电凝并装置能促使小粒子相互凝并为较大的电中性的粒子团,这些具有较高比表面积的电中性粒子团进入室内空间,能继续粘附空气中及物体表面上的颗粒,形成更大的粒子团,从而易于被净化单元中的中效过滤器捕集,而且该净化单元对于大粒子(粒径＞0.7μm)浓度较高的场所净化效果更加明显.另外,室内空气中吸附在颗粒物表面的甲醛也随之被高效去除.该净化单元的投入使用,起到了提高过滤效率、去除气溶胶小粒子、降低能耗、进一步改善室内空气品质等多重功效.     

沸石生物联合吸附再生工艺参数优化研究

简述了沸石生物联合吸附再生工艺(ZCS工艺)的工艺原理,选取了影响沸石生物联合吸附再生工艺污水处理效果的影响因素,通过正交实验,优化了工艺的运行参数.在优化结果为泥龄(SRT)40 d、沸石投加量16.8 g/L、外回流比(R)1、内回流比(r)1、A池碳源投加比(m)0、吸附池溶解氧(DO吸)1 mh/L和O池溶解氧(DOO)2 mg/L的条件下稳定运行后,出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)中一级B标准的要求.     

Adapting the RUSLE and GIS to model soil erosion risk in a mountains karst watershed, Guizhou Province, China

Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem in Guizhou Province, which is located in the centre of the karst areas of southwestern China. Unfortunately, Guizhou Province suffers from a lack of financial resources to research, monitor and model soil erosion at large watershed. In order to assess the soil erosion risk, soil erosion modeling at the watershed scale are urgently needed to be undertaken. This study integrated the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to estimate soil loss and identify the risk erosion areas in the Maotiao River watershed, which is a typical rural watershed in Guizhou Province. All factors used in the RUSLE were calculated for the watershed using local data. It was classified into five categories ranging from minimal risk to extreme erosion risk depending on the calculated soil erosion amount. The soil erosion map was linked to land use, elevation and slope maps to explore the relationship between soil erosion and environmental factors and identify the areas of soil erosion risk. The results can be used to advice the local government in prioritizing the areas of immediate erosion mitigation. The integrated approach allows for relatively easy, fast, and cost-effective estimation of spatially distributed soil erosion. It thus indicates that RUSLE-GIS model is a useful and efficient tool for evaluating and mapping soil erosion risk at a large watershed scale in Guizhou Province.     

铜试剂分光光度法测定丁基黄原酸方法的优化研究

根据方法原理,调整分析步骤中试剂加入顺序进行方法优化。方法优化后,反应体系稳定性增强,检出限达到0.001mg/L。     

Occurrence, distribution and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in the Haihe River in China

The occurrence, distribution and bioaccumulation of 22 antibiotics, including eight fluoroquinolones (FQs), nine sulfonamides (SAs) and five macrolides (MLs), in the Haihe River were investigated. Surface water, sediment and fish samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. Ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, erythromycin and roxithromycin were found in all surface water samples. SAs were the predominant antibiotics in surface water samples in the mainstream of Haihe River, with the maximum concentration of 201 ng L(-1) for sulfamethoxazole. Compared with Haihe River, higher concentrations of antibiotics were found in the surface water samples in the Dagu and Chentaizi Drainage Rivers. The antibiotics pollution in the mainstream of Haihe River may derive from its tributaries, whereas the wastewater from fish ponds was not the main source of FQs, SAs and MLs in the river water. In sediment samples, FQs were the most frequently detected antibiotics and their concentrations were much higher than SAs and MLs. The high concentrations and detection frequencies of FQs in sediments indicate that sediments are an important reservoir for FQs as they are strongly adsorbed onto sediments. Ciprofloxacin and erythromycin exhibited potential bioaccumulation in crucian carp, with mean bioaccumulation factors of 3262 L kg(-1) and 4492 L kg(-1), respectively.     

Application of a DPSIR Modeling Framework to Assess Spatial–Temporal Differences of Water Poverty in China

Water shortage is a common problem around the world, especially in developing countries. Water shortage is closely linked to natural and social conditions, but the linkages between these natural and social conditions and their underlying temporal and spatial variation are less well explored. This paper details an application of the Driving‐Force‐Pressure‐State‐Impact‐Response (DPSIR) model, a holistic and sustainable tool for resources planning and management, and uses comprehensive weights to evaluate the water poverty (wp) in China from 1997 to 2014. This study applies the Kernel density estimation model to analyze the temporal variation trend and uses the least square error model to analyze the spatial pattern of wp. The results show the level of wp is gradually declining over time and the improvements in the coastal and inland wp situation are not spatially harmonious, and there are four primary types of wp in China based on drivers and causal mechanisms: D‐P‐I, D‐P‐I‐R, D‐P‐S‐I, and D‐P‐S‐I‐R. Furthermore, we analyze the main causes of spatial difference of wp and put forward corresponding countermeasures. The research findings are intended to provide a new insight for the evaluation of wp in the context of sustainable development, breaking past limitations that arise in simplified analyses using a single method, and to provide a strategy for regional water resources management to relieve wp.     

Review on the NO removal from flue gas by oxidation methods

Due to the increasingly strict emission standards of NOx on various industries, many traditional flue gas treatment methods have been gradually improved. Except for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) methods to remove NOx from flue gas, theoxidation method is paying more attention to NOx removal now because of the potential to simultaneously remove multiple pollutants from flue gas. This paper summarizes the efficiency, reaction conditions, effect factors, and reaction mechanism of NO oxidation from the aspects of liquid-phase oxidation, gas-phase oxidation, plasma technology, and catalytic oxidation. The effects of free radicals and active components of catalysts on NO oxidation and the combination of various oxidation methods are discussed in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of different oxidation methods are summarized, and the suggestions for future research on NO oxidation are put forward at the end. The review on the NO removal by oxidation methods can provide new ideas for future studies on the NO removal from flue gas.     

CTAC改性活性炭制备CDI电极性能

采用十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)改性粉末活性炭(PAC),来提高活性炭电极的电化学性能和电极对砷离子的吸附能力.以质量浓度为1 mmol·L~(-1)的CTAC改性粉末活性炭(PAC)12 h,并以此活性炭制备电极,电极的比电容为67 F·g~(-1),相比未改性PAC电极提升45%,电极扩散电阻稍有增加.通过优化电极制备成分配比,以CB∶PVDF∶CTAC-PAC=15∶5∶80比例制备的CTAC-PAC电极的比电容为112 F·g~(-1),相比未改性PAC电极提升143%,扩散电阻稍有增加.在100μg·L~(-1)砷溶液吸附实验中,优化制备条件后的CTAC-PAC电极,对砷离子吸附量相比未改性PAC电极提升32%,出水砷浓度为8μg·L~(-1).