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71.
Oliveira Maria Roniele Félix do Vale Abreu Katiany Romão Ana Lúcia Eufrázio Davi Dalila Maria Barbosa de Carvalho Magalhães Carlos Emanuel Carrilho Elma Neide Vasconcelos Martins Alves Carlucio Roberto 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(15):18941-18952
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plant-based biomass (CFB (carnauba fruit biomass)) obtained from the fruit exocarp of the species Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. Moore (carnauba)... 相似文献
72.
Godoy JM Carvalho ZL da Costa Fernandes F Danelon OM Ferreira AC Roldão LA 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2003,70(3):193-198
The present work presents the results of 137Cs concentration in seawater, fish and sediments samples collect in 11 sampling points, crossing the Brazilian Southeastern coastal region, from Vitória (ES) to Santos (SP), on a routine basis from 1997 to 2002. This monitoring program was carried out by the Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN/MCT), in cooperation with the Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira (IEAPM/Brazilian Navy), aiming at determining artificial radionuclides in marine samples. Additionally to the 137Cs results, 90Sr concentrations in fish samples from 1998 to 2002 are also reported.The 137Cs in seawater follows a lognormal distribution, with a geometric mean of 1.8 Bq m-3 and a geometric standard deviation of 1.4 (n=54), decay corrected to June/2002. For 137Cs levels in fish samples a geometric mean of 0.19 Bq kg−1 and a geometric standard deviation of 2.9 (n=39), decay corrected to June/2002, with a range of 0.03 to 1.7 Bq kg−1, were obtained. Based on the 137Cs mean concentration in fish as well as in seawater, a transfer factor of 1 × 102 was calculated, which is quite in agreement with the recommended value found in the Safety Report Serie 19. 相似文献
73.
Assessment of heavy metals in water samples and tissues of edible fish species from Awassa and Koka Rift Valley Lakes, Ethiopia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Larissa Dsikowitzky Mesfin Mengesha Elias Dadebo Carlos Eduardo Veiga de Carvalho Sven Sindern 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(4):3117-3131
The Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes host populations of edible fish species including Oreochromis niloticus, Labeobarbus intermedius and Clarias gariepinus, which are harvested also in other tropical countries. We investigated the occurrence of six heavy metals in tissues of these fish species as well as in the waters of Lake Koka and Lake Awassa. Both lakes are affected by industrial effluents in their catchments, making them ideal study sites. Mercury concentrations were very low in the water samples, but concentrations in the fish samples were relatively high, suggesting a particularly high bioaccumulation tendency as compared with the other investigated metals. Mercury was preferentially accumulated in the fish liver or muscle. It was the only metal with species-specific accumulation with highest levels found in the predatory species L. intermedius. Lower mercury concentrations in O. niloticus could be attributed to the lower trophic level, whereas mercury values in the predatory C. gariepinus were unexpectedly low. This probably relates to the high growth rate of this species resulting in biodilution of mercury. Accumulation of lead, selenium, chromium, arsenic and cadmium did not differ between species, indicating that these elements are not biomagnified in the food chain. Values of cadmium, selenium and arsenic were highest in fish livers, while lead and chromium levels were highest in the gills, which could be related to the uptake pathway. A significant impact of the industrial discharges on the occurrence of metals in the lakes could not be detected, and the respective concentrations in fish do not pose a public health hazard. 相似文献
74.
Mercia Barcellos da Costa Gabriela Carvalho Zamprogno Mariana Beatriz Paz Otegui Letícia de Morais Felipe Corteletti Pedruzzi Gabriel Bautz Dalbem Daniele Angeli da Silva Allana Cristini Borges Resende 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(12):650
This study represents the first use of Leucozonia nassa (Mollusca-Gastropoda) in a program of long-term monitoring. Specimens of L. nassa were collected between 2006 and 2014 and analyzed for the occurrence of imposex in two areas in Southeastern Brazil, one control area and another characterized by the presence of many ports and marinas. Imposex was evaluated in nine sites based on the percentage of females exhibiting imposex (I%), relative penis length index and vas deferens sequence index, classical indices to evaluate tributyltin (TBT) impacts. Moreover, this study uses for the first time in a tropical environment the ecological quality ratio (EQR), an approach to verify the imposex levels as an indicator of the impact by organotin compounds according to the EU Water Framework Directive. The results confirm the occurrence of high levels of imposex in L. nassa with all the indices evaluated. Furthermore, the results also indicate that, despite the international ban, antifouling paints based on TBT are still possibly used in Brazil. In addition, this study shows that L. nassa has the characteristics that make it a suitable bioindicator to monitor TBT pollution, and that the use of the EQR may create important data regarding this problem. 相似文献
75.
E.C. Oliveira‐Filho R.R. De‐Carvalho F.J.R. Paumgartten 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):289-303
Abstract The present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of biotic (snail size and presence of food during the test) and abiotic factors (temperature, water hardness and concentration of organic materials) on the molluscicidal activity of Euphorbia milii latex. Bioassays were conducted with B. glabrata (10 snails per concentration) and snail lethality was evaluated after 24 hr and 48 hr of exposure to lyophilized latex solutions. Neither the degree of water hardness, nor the presence of food during the test affected latex‐induced snail mortality. The snail size had a minor influence on E.milii‐induced snail lethality. Newly‐hatched (shell diameter ≤ 1mm) as well as young (3–8 mm) snails were slightly less susceptible than older (10–25 mm) mollusks. On the other hand, the molluscicidal effect of E.milii latex was modified by environmental factors such as temperature (i.e. LC50 and LC90 values were halved for every 10°C rise in temperature) and concentration of organic materials in the water (i.e. the higher the concentration of organic matter, the higher the LC50 value). The efficacy of E.milii latex as a molluscicide can be modified by factors such as water temperature and concentration of organic materials, and to a lesser extent by snail size. 相似文献
76.
Effects of solar radiation on the fluorescence properties and molecular weight of fulvic acids from pulp mill effluents 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The pulp and paper industry generates large volume of wastewater that adversely affects water resources. Lignin derived macromolecular compounds, similar to natural humic substances, are the main waste products in the pulp mill effluents. The UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopies were used to assess the effect of solar exposition on fulvic acids from a kraft pulp mill effluent. Solar irradiation of the solutions of these fulvic acids caused solution acidification and decay both in the UV-Vis absorbance and in the fluorescence. This decay was not the same for the whole spectra but pointed to the selective photodegradation of lignin typical structures. Furthermore, by sequential ultrafiltration it was found that during irradiation, the high-molecular weight fractions were destroyed and low-molecular-weight constituents, potentially more able to penetrate the cell membranes of living organisms were formed. Photodegradation of macromolecular organic matter from a kraft pulp mill effluent may be a key process occurring in natural waters that modifies the physicochemical properties of such effluents. 相似文献
77.
Recycling requires the separation of materials appearing in a mass of wastes of heterogeneous composition and characteristics, into single, almost pure, component/material flows. The separation of materials (e.g., some types of plastics) with similar physical properties (e.g., specific gravity) is often accomplished by human sorting. This is the case of the separation of packaging plastics in municipal solid wastes (MSW). The low cost of virgin plastics and low value of recycled plastics necessitate the utilization of low cost techniques and processes in the recycling of packaging plastics. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of production of a PET product, cleaned from PVC and PS, using a wet shaking table. The wet shaking table is an environmentally friendly process, widely used to separate minerals, which has low capital and operational costs. Some operational variables of the equipment, as well as different feed characteristics, were considered. The results show that the separation of these plastics is feasible although, similarly to the mineral field, in somewhat complex flow sheets. 相似文献
78.
Cristina Dutra Vieira Maria Auxiliadora Roque de Carvalho Noil Amorim de Menezes Cussiol Maria Eugênia Alvarez-Leite Simone Gonçalves dos Santos Renata Maria da Fonseca Gomes Marcos Xavier Silva Luiz de Macêdo Farias 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(4):1388-1391
When developing proper waste management strategies, it is essential to characterize the volume and composition of solid waste. The aim of this work was to evaluate the composition of dental waste produced by three dental health services in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Two universities, one public and one private, and one public dental health service were selected. Waste collection took place from March to November 2007. During this period, three samples were collected from each dental health service. The total amount of dental waste produced in one day of dental work was manually separated into three categories: infectious and potentially infectious waste, accounting for 24.3% of the total waste; non-infectious waste, accounting for 48.1%; and domestic-type waste, accounting for 27.6% (percentages are for mean weights of solid waste). Our results showed that most of the waste considered as biomedical may be misclassified, consequently making the infectious waste amount appear much larger. In addition, our results suggest that the best waste minimization method is recycling, and they help to define an appropriate waste management system in all three of the dental health services involved in this study. 相似文献
79.
Sandro Lemos Machado Mehran Karimpour-Fard Nader Shariatmadari Miriam Fatima Carvalho Julio C.F. do Nascimento 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(12):2579-2591
The characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) play a key role in many aspects of waste disposal facilities and landfills. Because most of a landfill is made up of MSW, the overall stability of the landfill slopes are governed by the strength parameters and physical properties of the MSW. These parameters are also important in interactions involving the waste body and the landfill structures: cover liner, leachate and gas collection systems. On the other hand, the composition of the waste, which affects the geotechnical behavior of the MSW, is dependent on a variety of factors such as climate, disposal technology, the culture and habits of the local community. It is therefore essential that the design and stability evaluations of landfills in each region be performed based on the local conditions and the geotechnical characteristic of the MSW. The Bandeirantes Landfill, BL, in São Paulo and the Metropolitan Center Landfill, MCL, in Salvador, are among the biggest landfills in Brazil. These two disposal facilities have been used for the development of research involving waste mechanics in recent years. Considerable work has been made in the laboratory and in the field to evaluate parameters such as water and organic contents, composition, permeability, and shear strength. This paper shows and analyzes the results of tests performed on these two landfills. The authors believe that these results could be a good reference for certain aspects and geotechnical properties of MSW materials in countries with similar conditions. 相似文献
80.
Márcia da Silva Carvalho Araceli Cristina de Sousa Ferreira 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):1030-1038
The Urban Cleaning Company of the City of Rio de Janeiro - COMLURB launched the Recycling Separation Center Project (Projeto Central de Separação de Recicláveis or CSR) in 2003. The objectives of the project were the adequate disposal of solid urban waste as well as the generation of employment and income. The COMLURB Project had economic, environmental and social facets, and the researchers sought to establish whether COMLURB had prepared reports that would enable evaluation of the investment made and the results obtained. In particular, the researchers sought to establish whether COMLURB financial statements set out the results of actions inherent to the CSR. We concluded from our analysis of the Project that the three elements of sustainability (social, environmental and economic), despite being fully present, were not adequately demonstrated. This study therefore proposes a model report with a view to enabling various information users to evaluate the results of the CSR Project. 相似文献