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291.
292.
Fengjiang is a large e-waste dismantling site located in southeast China. In this paper, apple snail and soil samples were collected from this e-waste dismantling site and 25 vicinal towns to investigate the contamination status, spatial distributions and congener patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Total PCB concentrations in apple snails (3.78-1812 ng g−1 dry weight (dw)) were significant higher than that in soil samples (0.48-90.1 ng g−1 dw). PBDE (excluding BDE 209) concentrations in apple snail and soil samples ranged from 0.09 to 27.7 ng g−1 dw and 0.06 to 31.2 ng g−1 dw, respectively. Concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs in snails and soils correlated negatively with the distance from Fengjiang. Both the concentrations and profiles of the pollutants were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) between the snail and soil samples, indicating the suitability of apple snail as a reliable bioindicator for PCBs and PBDEs contamination in this region. Relatively high concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs at locations far from e-waste dismantling sites implied that these pollutants have been transported to surrounding regions. 相似文献
293.
Jiang HJ Ma Y Qiu GJ Wu FL Chen SL 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2011,46(8):703-708
The nicotine-degrading bacterium HZN1 was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Shinella sp. based on its physiological characteristics and analysis of 16S rDNA gene. Strain HZN1 is capable of using nicotine as the sole carbon source in the mineral salts medium. The optimum temperature and pH for strain HZN1 growth and nicotine degradation were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. It could degrade approximately 100 % of 0.5 g L(-1) of nicotine within 9 h. Three intermediate metabolites were produced by the strain HZN1 and identified as cotinine, myosmine and nicotyrine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This is the first report of nicotine-degrading strain from the genus of Shinella. The results showed that strain HZN1 could be potentially employed in bioremediation of nicotine. Our findings would provide a new insight into the biodegradation of nicotine. 相似文献
294.
Xu H Jiang Y Al-Rasheid KA Al-Farraj SA Song W 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(7):1213-1221
Introduction
Ciliated protozoa play important roles in aquatic ecosystems especially regarding their functions in micro-food web and have many advantages in environmental assessment compared with most other eukaryotic organisms. The aims of this study were focused on analyzing the application of an indicator based on taxonomic relatedness of ciliated protozoan assemblages for marine environmental assessment. 相似文献295.
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and mercury in fish from lakes of the Tibetan Plateau 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
High mountains may act as cold traps for globally transported persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury (Hg). In the present study, 60 fish samples were collected from eight alpine lakes across the Tibetan Plateau. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), total mercury (HgT) and methyl mercury (MeHg) were quantified in the fish muscle tissues to improve the understanding of pollution status and factors regulating the transport and fate of these contaminants on the Plateau. The results showed that lake-averaged ∑14PBDEs concentration was between 0.09 ng g−1 dw and 4.32 ng g−1 dw, which was lower than those reported for European mountains. The total mercury concentration in individual fish ranged from 243 to 2384 ng g−1 dw, and that of MeHg from 131 to 1610 ng g−1 dw, which is much higher than those reported in other mountain fish. The spatial variation of PBDEs and mercury in the Plateau is largely controlled by the specific meteorological patterns. 相似文献
296.
Due to the wide occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment, it is much of importance to develop high throughput screening method for the analysis of this kind of pollutants. Using anion-exchange membrane chromatography, vitellogenin (VTG) from the plasma of 17β-estradiol (E2) treated Chinese rare minnow was rapidly purified within 15 min. Both polyclonal antibody (PcAb) and monoclonal antibody (McAb) against rare minnow VTG (R-VTG) were prepared in rabbit and Balb/c mice, respectively. The competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) based on either PcAb or McAb were developed to identify and quantify R-VTG in the plasma, and these two methods showed similar characteristics. The detection limits of both assays were lower than 3 ng mL−1 with the working ranges covering three magnitudes. The recovery efficiencies of PcAb and McAb based ELISA were 104.2% and 102.6%, respectively; and the intra-assay and inter-assay of these two assays were 6.2% and 9.2%, 8.6% and 12.8%, respectively. These results indicated that the described competitive ELISA methods were sensitive and valuable tools for quantifying vitellogenin in rare minnow plasma. These methods were then applied to measure R-VTG concentrations in plasma of male fish exposed to a series of E2 concentrations. When E2 levels were less than 10 ng L−1, R-VTG levels in plasma were comparable to that in solvent control, while R-VTG levels significantly increased 15-folds and 350-folds, respectively when E2 exposure concentrations were controlled at 10 and 50 ng L−1. The high sensitivity of Chinese rare minnow to E2 was demonstrated, making it a valuable model species to study environmental estrogens. 相似文献
297.
壳聚糖的物理/化学改性及其对含酚废水的处理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将壳聚糖物理改性为球形颗粒,然后在微波辐射下,球形壳聚糖与柠檬醛接枝反应,再与NaBH4还原反应,制备一种新型环保材料--物化改性壳聚糖.采用红外光谱仪(IR)、X衍射仪(XRD)、电子显微镜(SEM)和比表面测定及孔径分析仪(BET)结构表征改性壳聚糖.通过含酚制药废水的动态小柱吸附实验,研究了时间、柱高和出水流速等... 相似文献
298.
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300.
厌氧膨胀床处理低浓度污水的污泥颗粒和生物活性变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
污泥的聚集形态和活性,是影响厌氧反应器处理效率的关键因素。通过对厌氧膨胀床反应器(anaerobicex—pandedblanketreactor,AEBR)处理低浓度城镇污水在启动和稳定运行期的污泥活性研究,AEBR在启动运行期内,接种颗粒污泥为适应低浓度基质条件,污泥粒径经历从大变小,再重新颗粒化粒径变大的过程。在运行期第103天,粒径小于1000μm污泥的体积比达到44.7%,平均粒径为952μm,到运行期第173天,粒径小于1000μm污泥的体积比降为28%,平均粒径达1179μm,污泥重新颗粒化完成。颗粒污泥适应新的环境后,单位重量污泥的最大比产甲烷活性(specificmetha.nogensisactivity,SMA)值和胞外聚合物含量增加,分别达到112mLCH4/(gVSS·d)和215mg/gVSS。在处理实际城镇污水的AEBR反应器内,辅酶F420含量可以有效指示污泥样品的产甲烷活性,AEBR反应器不同高度位置的污泥活性不一样,反应器底部污泥活性低于中上部区域污泥的活性。 相似文献