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721.
722.
在实际工程应用中,对于结构复杂安全等级高的核电水工结构,相关的通用设计软件尚未形成。利用ANSYS二次开发工具APDL、UIDL以及Tcl/Tk可视化工具命令语言,针对核电站取水构筑物开发了一整套程序,包括了建模、计算以及后处理,后处理部分为内力计算和配筋可视化程序,简化了操作流程。算例表明,内力提取程序运算结果精度良好,可以用于配筋设计,利用配筋可视化程序对工程实例进行的配筋及裂缝验算,结果符合工程要求,针对配筋结果提出了墙体优化设计的建议。通过在ANSYS中实现内力计算和可视化配筋程序,可用于解决核电水工结构设计问题,有良好的工程适用性。 相似文献
723.
AbstractThe uptake and distribution of phenanthrene, a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, in plant tissues of Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina and the relationship with nutrient (nitrate, ammonium, and soluble reactive phosphorus) availability were investigated. After 12?h of exposure, enhancements in the concentration of nitrate and soluble reactive phosphorus markedly decreased the residual level of phenanthrene in roots, while the addition of ammonium significantly increased the residual concentration. Due to the similar enzymatic degradation potential between treatment groups, the variation of phenanthrene concentration in mangrove roots may result from the H+/phenanthrene cotransport at the root surface that was influenced by nutrient uptake. Moreover, both nitrate and soluble reactive phosphorus amendments significantly increased translocation of phenanthrene from roots to leaves, which likely resulted from the change of hydraulic conductivity in mangrove plants triggered by different nutrient availability. 相似文献
724.
This paper aims to identify the land-use factors benefiting sustainable land management in terms of environmental conservation. For evaluating the impacts of land use on the environment, the following parameters were used: chemical fertiliser and pesticide use, land-use structure and diversity. The farmers' income, land tenure and farming scale were selected for their influence on agricultural sustainability. The analysis shows a rapid increase in use of chemical fertiliser and pesticide in the past 40 years, and an observable increase in land-use diversity. The amount of chemical fertiliser used per unit area in large-scale farming was lower than that at small scales, but large-scale farming consumes more pesticide than small-scale farming. A significant negative correlation was observed between the proportions of the holdings possessing land and the holdings using the chemical fertiliser. In order to achieve sustainable agriculture, it is necessary to manage crop systems and land use towards selecting new strains and varieties of crops and fruits with a lower demand for chemical fertiliser and a higher resistance to disease and pests, balancing large- and small-scale farming, and ensuring land tenure and economic incentives. 相似文献
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A detailed nitrogen (N) budget has been developed for an urban ecosystem based on the method of material flow analysis. How increased human activity and urbanisation influences N cycling have also been analysed. Total N input and output in the urban ecosystem of Zhengzhou City (ZUE) was calculated at 304.8?Gg was 275.3?Gg year?1, resulting in an N accumulation of 29.5?Gg year?1. Industry and human life activities, which respectively accounted for 43.8% and 34.2% of total N inputs and 52.6% and 29.1% of total N outputs, were the core of N flow in the urban ecosystem. Humans activities mediated more than 98% N inputs into the ZUE, 73.2% of N was released into the atmosphere and 11.7% into hydrosphere. This very large volume of released N could contribute to regional problems. High energy consumption, insufficient wastewater treatment facility practices, and low N use efficiency are the primary causes of pollution. The major challenge ahead for the urban ecosystem is how to manage high-intensity N pollutant inputs to the urban ecosystems coupled with incomplete N cycling and removal. Based on the analysis of the N budget and loading, this study also proposes an N management strategy for the ZUE. 相似文献
729.
Shuang Liu Yang Zhang Hua Jiang Xiaoyu Wang Tianmeng Zhang Yuan Yao 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(2):605-614
Climate change has become increasingly serious due to the greenhouse effect. It is therefore necessary to control the content of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, using, for instance, CO2-adsorbing materials. Here, we synthesized ultra-lightweight and spherical cellulose nanofibres aerogels by a suspension titration method using an efficient amination process. These functional materials with high porosity, higher than 96.54%, and three-dimensional network structure, were prepared by freeze-drying spherical cellulose nanofibres hydrogel. Their maximum CO2 adsorption capacity reaches 1.78 mmol/g, and they show excellent regeneration, of more than 10 cycles. This synthesis of bioaerogels represents a new method for the preparation of bio-CO2 adsorbents. 相似文献
730.
Anomalous solute transport in porous media is an important issue in groundwater research. In this paper, we explore the relationship between the anomalous solute transport and the volume fractions of different grains in the porous media. Via simulation, we find that there is a maximum and a minimum in the degree of anomalous transport when changing the volume fractions of different grains. Moreover, the characteristic volume fractions corresponding to the anomalous transport maximum and minimum vary little with the flow field and diffusion coefficient of the solute. We also find that the volume fraction corresponding to the most anomalous dispersion is close to the threshold of the site percolation for simple-cubic networks. 相似文献