Agro-climatic classification systems for estimating the global distribution of livestock numbers and commodities.

Investment in agricultural research in developing countries is being increasingly targeted at those agro-climatic zones and issues where the economic and environmental benefits may be expected to be greatest. This first requires that the zones themselves be defined, along with information on domestic livestock numbers and commodity output within agro-climatic zones in different countries. Different methods for classifying agro-climatic zones were compared. These included methods based on estimated length of growing period (LGP) using rainfall and temperature data, the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration (PET), and on more detailed agronomic models, remote sensing data and land use information. Zonation based on LGP has already been linked to existing national livestock data. By defining agro-climatic zones and relating concentrations of livestock populations to those of humans, it is possible to make realistic estimates of livestock populations and the production of livestock commodities for most developing countries. Detailed agro-climatic analyses of Mainland East Asia and Sri Lanka have recently been undertaken using the GROWEST agronomic model. Using this model as the basis of agro-climatic classification appears to be significantly superior, particularly in temperate environments, to approaches based solely on LGP. Different ways of subdividing countries and continents into agro-climatic or agro-ecological zones (AEZs) are reviewed in this paper. In addition, we show how the numbers of production and commodities from domestic livestock can be allocated to such zones. We also indicate how some of this information can be applied.     

Fully-automated SPE coupled to UHPLC-MS/MS method for multiresidue analysis of 26 trace antibiotics in environmental waters: SPE optimization and method validation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Achieving simultaneous determination of antibiotic multiresidues in environmental waters by solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with...     

A survey and analysis on public awareness and performance for promoting circular economy in China: A case study from Tianjin

The main objective of this study is to create a better understanding of public awareness and performance in the promotion of a Circular Economy (CE) in Tianjin, China. The data and information used in this paper were collected by distributing questionnaires randomly in 6 urban districts and interviewing 600 respondents. The results indicate that the residents have limited awareness and a poor understanding about the CE program. However, they hold a positive attitude toward garbage sorting while most of the residents simply classify the garbage into categories that can be sold, reused or exchanged for new ones. People's awareness of the CE program has a positive correlation to their educational level, whereas their pro-environmental and resource conservation behavior has a positive correlation to the age of the respondents.     

IT公司员工薪酬激励方案

王燕是某IT公司信息产品事业部的人力资源经理,最近有件事令她比较头疼：公司里已有好几个业务骨干纷纷跳槽到了其他公司,公司员工之间私下也传,有几个能力比较强的员工也不太稳定,准备走人.     

Effects of phosphorus sources on volatile organic compound emissions from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Microcystis flos</Emphasis>-<Emphasis Type="Italic">aquae</Emphasis> and their toxic effects on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</Emphasis>

There is diverse phosphorus (P) in eutrophicated waters, but it is considered as a crucial nutrient for cyanobacteria growth due to its easy precipitation as insoluble salts. To uncover the effects of complex P nutrients on the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from cyanobacteria and their toxic effects on other algae, the VOCs from Microcystis flos-aquae supplied with different types and amount of P nutrients were analyzed, and the effects of VOCs and their two main compounds on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth were investigated. When M. flos-aquae cells were supplied with K₂HPO₄, sodium pyrophosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate as the sole P source, 27, 23 and 29 compounds were found, respectively, including furans, sulfocompounds, terpenoids, benzenes, aldehydes, hydrocarbons and esters. With K₂HPO₄ as the sole P source, the VOC emission increased with reducing P amount, and the maximum emission was found under Non-P condition. In the treatments of M. flos-aquae VOCs under Non-P condition and two main terpenoids (eucalyptol and limonene) in the VOCs, remarkable decreases were found in C. reinhardtii cell growth, photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic abilities. Therefore, we deduce that multiple P nutrients in eutrophicated waters induce different VOC emissions from cyanobacteria, and P amount reduction caused by natural precipitation and algal massive growth results in more VOC emissions. These VOCs play toxic roles in cyanobacteria becoming dominant species, and eucalyptol and limonene are two toxic agents.     

浅谈风力发电项目生态恢复环境监理

低山丘陵区风力发电场项目建设对生态的破坏日益明显,开展风电场施工期环境监理具有重要意义。通过对低山丘陵区风电项目施工期环境监理经验的总结,阐述了铁岭市风电场生态恢复的现状及开展生态恢复环境监理的重要作用,并对施工期的合理安排、原生植被的保护与利用、监理关键技术及环境监理人员的素质要求等相关生态恢复环境监理问题进行了探讨。     

UV／H2O2／GAC与GAC处理微污染水的研究

文章进行了UV／H2O2／GAC和GAC系统用于微污染水深度处理的试验研究,结果表明：UV／H2O2／GAC对uV篮;和TOC均有良好的去除效果,当H2O2投量3．0mg／L,UV／H2O2反应器停留时间20min时,系统的COD和UV254去除率为44．6％和72．8％。UV／H2O2主要作用在于改善了GAC对有机物的吸附,产生了羟基自由基,从而提高了去除效果。     

某边坡地震工况下的稳定性数值模拟分析

地震是引起边坡失稳的重要因素之一,文章以怒江上游干流左岸一边坡为例,利用Flac3D软件对其在地震工况下的稳定性进行了数值模拟分析。通过对比得出:在天然工况下,边坡塑性区域分布范围较小且零星,剪应变增量和位移场分布均合理分布,边坡处于稳定状态;在地震工况下,塑性区域形成贯通面,剪应力增量集中分布在基岩与变形带分界面,并且位移大幅增加,此时边坡处于失稳破坏状态。文章对揭示边坡在地震作用下失稳机制提供有益参考。     

Modulation of the DNA repair system and ATR-p53 mediated apoptosis is relevant for tributyltininduced genotoxic effects in human hepatoma G2 cells

The toxic effects of tributyltin (TBT) have been extensively documented in several types of cells, but the molecular mechanisms related to the genotoxic effects of TBT have still not been fully elucidated. Our study showed that exposure of human hepatoma G2 cells to 1-4 μmol/L TBT for 3 hr caused severe DNA damage in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression levels of key DNA damage sensor genes such as the replication factor C, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 were inhabited in a concentration-dependent manner. We further demonstrated that TBT induced cell apoptosis via the p53-mediated pathway, which was most likely activated by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated and rad-3 related (ATR) protein kinase. The results also showed that cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and the B-cell lymphoma 2 were involved in this process. Taken together, we demonstrated for the first time that the inhibition of the DNA repair system might be more responsible for TBT-induced genotoxic effects in cells. Then the generated DNA damage induced by TBT initiated ATR-p53-mediated apoptosis.     

牡丹江市土壤重金属污染状况调查及评价

为调查研究牡丹江市一些重点功能区的土壤重金属污染状况,在东宁县、林口县、绥芬河市、海林市、宁安市、穆棱市6个县(市)典型的耕地、林地、草地选择采集了60个土壤样本。以《土壤环境质量标准》GB15168-1995为评价标准,对牡丹江市土壤重金属As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Zn的污染状况作了初步评价。研究发现,牡丹江地区各县市主要以Cd、Mn、Ni、V为主,并针对污染状况提出了防治对策及措施。