A disappearance model for the prediction of trichlorophenol ozonation

The disappearance and modeling of the ozonation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) was studied under different initial TCP concentrations and initial pH levels. The ozonation of TCP was found to follow a pseudo-first-order reaction. The degradation rates increased with the initial pH, and decreased with initial TCP concentration. 2,6-Dichlorohydroquinone was identified as the major intermediate, indicating that dechlorination and hydroxylation co-occurred during TCP ozonation. A model was proposed to quantitatively predict the pseudo-first-order rate constants under different initial TCP concentration and different initial pH levels. The proposed model can successfully describe the reaction; therefore another practical equation was proposed to predict the TCP removal rate at any detention time, which has high potential for practical applications and reactor design.     

沿面放电臭氧发生器电极的研究

本文论述了电晕放电法产生臭氧的机理和沿面放电用电极的结构及影响因素 ,认为提高电介质的介电常数、表面电阻率和降低电介质的厚度可以提高臭氧发生器的效率。借助实验手段 ,作者还确定了以 0 .2 5～0 .4 mmα-Al2 O3 作为电介质 ,缠绕间距为 2～ 3mm的电极线 ,制成的管式臭氧电极单根臭氧浓度可以达到 1 2～ 1 3g/m3。     

高浓度有机化工废水处理新技术——催化氧化

提出了一种处理高浓度有机化工废水中COD、色度的新技术。该技术是用二氧化氯为氧化剂，在自制催化剂存在的条件下将废水中的有机物氧化分解，COD去除率≥70%，色度去除率≥95％，一般高浓度有机废水经该法处理后接续生化可以达标。     

油墨油脂废水生物接触氧化法研究

本文通过试验研究了油墨油脂废水用生物接触氧化处理的可行性，指出微生物必须要经过驯化过程，使其对该种废水有很好的适应性，才能保证处理稳定。     

Determination of ethanolamine,ethylene glycol and triethylene glycol by ion chromatography for laboratory and field biodegradation studies

The determination of alkanolamines and glycols in groundwater and subsurface environments is essential for environmental assessment, remediation and monitoring for selected industrial sites. Monoethanolamine (MEA), ammonium, sodium, magnesium and calcium detection was performed using cation exchange chromatography (IC) with suppressed conductivity detection. Acetate, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate and oxalate were monitored employing anion exchange chromatography with suppressed conductivity. Detection of ethylene glycol (MEG) and triethylene glycol (TEG) and ethanol was carried out using ion exclusion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Effective determination of MEA, MEG and TEG in complex groundwater matrices without compound transformation offered improved monitoring capabilities. This study presents robust analytical tools for MEA, MEG and TEG determination in biodegradation studies. Using ion chromatography offered significant advantages for the analyses of groundwater samples and laboratory bioreactor monitoring.     

基于在线监测的南京仙林PM2.5组分特征与来源解析

为了研究南京市PM_2.5的污染特征及来源贡献,于2018年3月至2019年2月在南京仙林地区进行PM_2.5组分的在线监测,运用PMF和CMB受体模型,开展PM_2.5的来源解析.结果表明,观测期间南京市PM_2.5平均质量浓度为54.3μg/m³,其中冬季平均浓度76.4μg/m³.PM_2.5的主要组分为NO₃^-（21.3%~30.8%）、SO₄^2-（18.9%~23.5%）、NH₄⁺（14.3%~16.2%）.从全年平均来看,PMF模型得到的PM_2.5解析结果为：二次无机气溶胶（54.9%）、燃煤源（17.4%）、二次有机气溶胶（7.4%）、机动车排放源（7.1%）、工业源（4.9%）、扬尘源（4.8%）、其他源（3.4%）;CMB模型得到的PM_2.5解析结果为：硝酸盐（33.0%）、硫酸盐（24.0%）、燃煤源（16.4%）、机动车排放源（8.4%）、二次有机气溶胶（7.1%）、扬尘源（5.7%）、其他源（2.9%）、工业源（2.4%）.不同季节PM_2.5来源有所差异,夏冬季二次无机气溶胶占比大于春秋季,春冬季燃煤占比最大,二次有机气溶胶在秋季占比最大.结合2017年南京市大气污染源排放清单,对二次气溶胶贡献进行再解析,得到南京仙林地区PM_2.5主要贡献来自燃煤源（PMF：34.14%,CMB：33.82%）,机动车排放源（PMF：27.33%,CMB：29.33%）以及工业源（PMF：26.76%,CMB：24.77%）.可见,影响南京仙林地区PM_2.5的污染源主要来自燃煤源、机动车排放源和工业源,基于在线组分监测、利用PMF和CMB模型得到的PM_2.5源解析结果具有较好的一致性.     

深层灰岩裂隙含水层的微生物种群特征及多样性分析

淄博深层灰岩裂隙含水层遭受石油污染已有30年,含水层中微生物降解对污染物的去除起到重要的作用,目前有关深层灰岩裂隙含水层中微生物群落结构和多样性的相关研究较少。本文采用高通量测序技术对研究区灰岩岩溶裂隙介质表面及地下水中的微生物种群结构进行了研究,对石油降解菌的种群特征及多样性进行了探讨,并利用RDA对典型石油降解菌与理化因子的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,含水层中的菌群主要属于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和子囊菌门(Ascomycota),且地下水比灰岩岩溶裂隙介质表面呈现出更高的生物多样性;含水层中石油降解细菌主要属于脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、类诺卡氏菌属(Nocardioides)、假黄色单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas)等,石油降解真菌主要来自煤炱目(Capnodiales)、座囊菌目(Dothideales)、银耳目(Tremellales)中的菌种;地下水中的石油降解细菌、真菌与总石油烃(TPH)、全磷(TP)和全氮(TN)的相关性比灰岩岩溶裂隙介质更高。     

Optimal water resources allocation in transboundary river basins according to hydropolitical consideration

Environment, Development and Sustainability - Water resources allocation policies can create cooperation or tension among different stakeholders in a large basin. Thus, integrated water resources...     

Distinct potential aerosol masses under different scenarios of transport at a suburban site of Beijing

In order to evaluate the secondary aerosol formation potential at a suburban site of Beijing,in situ perturbation experiments in a potential aerosol mass(PAM) reactor were carried out in the winter of 2014.The variations of secondary aerosol formation as a function of time,OH exposure,and the concentrations of gas phase pollutants and particles were reported in this study.Two periods with distinct secondary aerosol formation potentials,marked as Period Ⅰ and Period Ⅱ,were identified during the observation.In Period Ⅰ,the secondary aerosol formation potential was high,and correlated well to the air pollutants,i.e.,SO_2,NO_2,and CO.The maximal secondary aerosol formation was observed with an aging time equivalent to about 3 days of atmospheric oxidation.In period Ⅱ,the secondary aerosol formation potential was low,with no obvious correlation with the air pollutants.Meanwhile,the aerosol mass decreased,instead of showing a peak,with increasing aging time.Backward trajectory analysis during the two periods confirmed that the air mass in Period Ⅰwas mainly from local sources,while it was attributed mostly to long distance transport in Period Ⅱ.The air lost its reactivity during the long transport and the particles became highly aged,resulting in a low secondary aerosol formation potential.Our experimental results indicated that the in situ measurement of the secondary aerosol formation potential could provide important information for evaluating the contributions of local emission and long distance transport to the aerosol pollution.     

固定化厌氧微生物多孔囊状聚酰胺载体的研制

采用界面聚合方法制备出固定化厌氧微生物多孔囊状聚酰胺载体。该载体壁薄,内外表面粗糙多孔,具有典型的囊状空间、较高的孔体积和比表面积。将该载体用于厌氧法处理人工合成废水,同一时间的沼气产量高于使用基体型多孔聚合物载体和未使用载体时的沼气产量,在3种情况下的36d累积沼气产量分别为1430,1210,875mL。使用电子扫描电镜观察固定化微生物载体,发现有大量的厌氧菌群生长在载体内外表面。实验结果表明,该载体固定厌氧微生物的性能良好。