人工湿地控制滇池面源水污染适用性研究

由于滇池面源污染主要发生在农村地区 ,而这些地区在水污染控制方面的资金投入和管理水平有限 ,所以应用于面源污染的水污染控制技术要求是低投入、易管理的工艺方法。而人工湿地是一种基建费用低 ,运行成本低 ,维护技术低的“三低”技术 ,氮磷去除效果显著 ,是一种适合应用于发生在农村地区的面源污染控制的工艺方法     

Rapid infiltration wastewater treatment for small communities in Beijing

This rapid infiltration (RI) system is proposed as the first one in China. The RI system treated 500 m3/d of municipal and industrial wastewater. About 0.36 ha of field was used. It has been evaluated that the RI system has an excellent ability to treat the wastewater. The infiltration rate was 50.3 m/a.     

莲花电站库区水污染防治对策研究

莲花电站位于牡丹江干流下游,是一座以发电为主,兼顾防洪、养鱼等综合利用的大型水利枢纽工程.近年来,随着地区经济的快速发展,莲花电站下游用水量逐年增加,需要莲花电站补充一定的水量,并对水库水质提出了更高的要求.同时,上游牡丹江市经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,导致进入莲花电站库区的污染物量增加,加剧了库区水体的污染程度.通过对水质现状分析,找出污染来源,提出莲花电站库区水污染防治对策.     

Renovated water reuse for rapid infiltration system

The renovated water in the rapid infiltration system (RI) as area for fish and duck farming is feasible. The flesh of fish and duck is edible. The farming of fish for 5 months and duck for 120 - 130 days can be accepted. It is beneficial to environment and economy, especially in developing countries. The production of fish and duck can make up for the cost of wastewater treatment.     

Changes of surface water pollution of Suzhou region:a case study in Taicang County, China

Environmental pollution is a by-product of industrialization when economy of a region is developing. China also suffers from such a problem, especially in the southern part like Suzhou region in Jiangsu Province. In this paper, data covering situations of surface water pollution and social and economic development showed that the surface water pollution in Taicang County, a typical economic zone of Suzhou region, is significantly correlated to the economic growth of this region.     

重金属复合污染对蚕豆性状影响的模糊聚类与性状代间分化的摄动分析

运用正交设计，经过４代的原位种植实验，获得了Ｐｂ~（２＋）、Ｃｄ~（２＋）、Ｈｇ~（２＋）、Ｚｎ~（２＋）复合污染对同一蚕豆（ＶｉｃｉａｆａｂａＬ．）种质在株高、首次开花时间、每株结豆荚数、单位豆荚豆粒数（每２０个豆荚）、种子的重量（５０粒）等数量性状的表型数据。利用模糊聚类和摄动分析方法，获得了２５种污染组合对蚕豆数量性状影响的聚类特征，考察了蚕豆代间分化的趋向。实验结果表明，重金属复会污染对蚕豆的毒害作用，不仅同元素的种类和各自的浓度有关，而且与金属离子相互之间的浓度比例密切相关；对于连续种植的蚕豆，其对金属污染的性状变化因世代条件不同而有差异，Ｐｂ~（２＋）、Ｃｄ~（２＋）、Ｈｇ~（２＋）污染条件下，随着代数的推移，性状逐步向正常条件下的数值方向恢复，而Ｚｎ~（２＋）仅在第二代时表现出毒害。本文还讨论了利用植物反应衡量污染物的毒性问题。     

Air quality impact of the coal-fired power plants in the northern passageway of the China West-East Power Transmission Project

This paper analyzes the air quality impacts of coal-fired power plants in the northern passageway of the West-East Power Transmission Project in China. A three-layer Lagrangian model called ATMOS, was used to simulate the spatial distribution of incremental sulfur dioxide (SO2) and coarse particulate matter (PM10) concentrations under different emission control scenarios. In the year 2005, the emissions from planned power plants mainly affected the air quality of Shanxi, Shaanxi, the common boundary of Inner Mongolia and Shanxi, and the area around the boundary between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia. In these areas, the annually averaged incremental SO2 and PM10 concentrations exceed 2 and 2.5 microg/m3, respectively. The maximum increases of the annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations are 8.3 and 7.2 microg/m3, respectively, which occur around Hancheng city, near the boundary of the Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces. After integrated control measures are considered, the maximum increases of annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations fall to 4.9 and 4 microg/m3, respectively. In the year 2010, the areas affected by planned power plants are mainly North Shaanxi, North Ningxia, and Northwest Shanxi. The maximum increases of the annually averaged SO2 and PM10, concentrations are, respectively, 6.3 and 5.6 microg/m3, occurring in Northwest Shanxi, which decline to 4.4 and 4.1 microg/m3 after the control measures are implemented. The results showed that the proposed power plants mainly affect the air quality of the region where the power plants are built, with little impact on East China where the electricity will be used. The influences of planned power plants on air quality will be decreased greatly by implementing integrated control measures.     

浙江省畜牧业发展的生态环境问题及其控制对策

系统地论述了浙江省畜牧业发展的生态环境问题,分析了畜禽污染的现状和趋势,提出了一整套消除畜牧公害,促进畜牧业可持续发展的对策和措施 。     

自控水力截齿增大块率的声发射实验研究

通过对岩石破裂过程中声发射活动的实验探测，证明自控水力截齿在一定的水力参数和截割条件下，对岩样的潜在损伤范围及实际破碎沟槽宽度都明显大于同样截割条件下的普通截齿，从而为采掘机械应用少截齿配置方案以提高块率提供了一条可行的技术途径。     

基于可靠度约束的高层建筑结构优化设计

本文以文献中提出的结构体系可靠度分析的最弱失效模式法为基础,充分考虑结构体系的造价和结构的损失期望与结构体系可靠度的关系,以及结构构件的可靠度约束,提出了结构体系目标可靠度的优化决策方法;基于优化决策的结果,提出了结构体系的最优设计准则;最后,依所提出的最优设计准则,实现了高层建筑基于构件和结构可靠度约束的结构优化设计。