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601.
无锡市酸雨变化特征及气象条件影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于无锡市2008~2011年酸雨观测资料,利用功率谱分析、后向轨迹和聚类分析方法,研究了无锡市酸雨的变化特征,分析了气象因素对酸雨的影响,探讨了1 500 m高度的气团移动路径特征。结果表明:2008~2011年,无锡市酸雨pH值呈现逐年递增趋势,而且酸雨逐月pH值、逐月弱酸雨和强酸雨频率分别存在不同的周期性变化;酸雨酸性随降水量增加表现为先增强后减弱,但夏季降水与酸雨pH值的相关性并不显著;春季相对湿度与酸雨pH值呈现显著负相关,夏季气温则与酸雨pH值呈显著正相关;各季节1 500 m高度的轨迹存在一定差异,春冬季无锡市受内陆气团影响为主,夏秋季西太平洋水汽输送作用明显。总体而言,江浙赣和西太平洋是无锡酸雨前体物的主要来源地 相似文献
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Based on a field investigation in the sample of an old growth subalpine coniferous forests in Qinling Mountains (China), we recognized the gap-forming processes in Larix chinensis forest for four representative patches (gap phases (G), building phases (B), mature phases (M) and degenerate phases (D)). The distribution pattern of four different patches and heterogeneity of the light and temperature were analyzed. The percentages of four different patch types (G, B, M and D) were 32.3%, 24.5%, 23.5% and 19.7%, respectively. The light and temperature had significant change among four patch types. From 6 to 20 o’clock, gap patch types changed more significantly than other three phases. The light and temperature regimes in mature patch type had a relatively mild change. Such micro-environmental heterogeneity among four different patches can lead to species niche partitioning, and some deterministic factors are benefit to the coexistence of various species with different characteristics within forest community. 相似文献
603.
Erhong Duan Dandan Zhang Long Shi Hua Sun Yanan Wang 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1393-1397
ABSTRACT To explore environmentally benign solvents for the absorption of NO and NO2, a series of caprolactam tetrabutyl ammonium halide ionic liquids were synthesized. The solubility of NO and NO2 was measured at temperatures ranging from 298.2 to 363.2 K and atmospheric pressure, and the following trend in the solubility of NO and NO2 in ionic liquids with various halide anions was observed, respectively: F > Br > Cl and Br > Cl > F. Moreover, as the temperature increased from 308.15 to 363.15 K and the mole ratio of caprolactam increased from 2:1 to 6:1, the solubility of NO increased. Alternatively, the solubility of NO2 decreased as the temperature increased from 298.15 to 363.15 K, and the mole ratio of caprolactam increased from 2:1 to 6:1. The absorption and desorption of NO and NO2 was practically reversible in the ionic liquids, which was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. The method, which is at least partially reversible, offers interesting possibilities for the removal of NO and NO2.
IMPLICATIONS Basic ionic liquids with amino groups were synthesized and used to capture CO2, SO2, and H2S, and to promote hydrogenation of CO2. In this paper, the authors used caprolactam tetrabutyl ammonium halide ionic liquid (IL) as absorbing medium in which NOx could be absorbed. NOx desorbed from the absorbent could be efficiently reduced by right catalysts at high temperature. The absorbed NO and NO2 gas could be desorbed at higher temperature, allowing the ionic liquids to be reused several times without loss of capability. It was believed that caprolactam tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (CPL-TBAB) ILs may be useful for NOx removal reagent for pollution control. 相似文献
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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) contained in household refrigerators consist mainly of CFC-11 and CFC-12, which will be eventually released into the environment. Consequentially, environmental releases of these refrigerants will lead to ozone depletion and contribute significantly to the greenhouse effect, if waste refrigerators are not disposed of properly. In the present paper, the potential release of residual CFCs and their substitutes from obsolete household refrigerators in China is examined, and their contributions to ozone depletion and greenhouse effect are compared with those of other recognized ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and greenhouse gases (GHGs). The results imply that annual potential amounts of released residual CFC-11 and CFC-12 will reach their maximums at 4600 and 2300 tons, respectively in 2011, and then decrease gradually to zero until 2020. Meanwhile, the amounts of their most widely used substitutes HCFC-141b and HFC-134a will keep increasing. Subsequently, the contribution ratio of these CFCs and their substitutes to ozone depletion will remain at 25% through 2011, and reach its peak value of 34% by 2018. The contribution to greenhouse effect will reach its peak value of 0.57% by 2010. Moreover, the contribution ratio of these CFCs to the total global release of CFCs will steadily increase, reaching its peak of 15% by 2018. Thus, this period from 2010 to 2018 is a crucial time during which residual CFCs and their substitutes from obsolete household refrigerators in China will contribute significantly to ozone depletion. 相似文献
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三峡库区土壤重金属污染评价及其来源 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
三峡库区由于特殊的地理位置及生态脆弱性,其重金属污染状况备受关注。以三峡库区重庆段为研究区域,利用多目标调查数据,在分析土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Hg、Pb和Zn等8种重金属积累特征的基础上,运用多元统计分析、污染指数法、潜在生态风险评估法以及层次分析法与加权平均评价模型法等方法进行了重金属来源分析和污染评价。研究结果表明: 三峡库区重庆段表层土壤中8种重金属的平均含量顺序为:Cr(8145 mg·kg-1)>Zn(716 mg·kg-1)>Ni(3154 mg·kg-1)>Pb(2527 mg·kg-1)>Cu(2353 mg·kg-1)>As(739 mg·kg-1)>Cd(021 mg·kg-1)>Hg(006 mg·kg-1);多元统计分析表明Cd和Cr含量主要受到人为活动的影响,Ni、Zn和Cu含量则主要受到区域地质背景的影响,Hg、Pb和As则受到两者的共同影响。各综合评价方法结果趋于一致,均表明大部分样品(>849%)的重金属污染水平属于清洁或轻度污染水平,只有少数样品(<151%)达到中度或重度污染水平,这些样品主要采集于巫山、涪陵、忠县境内。综合分析,认为忠县和涪陵境内土壤出现中度或重度重金属污染主要受其工业生产的影响,巫山境内则主要受到其成土母质的影响。研究结果可为三峡库区土地可持续利用和生态发展提供基础数据与理论依据 相似文献
610.
Yang Jianfeng Duan Yumin Yang Xiaoni Awasthi Mukesh Kumar Li Huike Zhang Linsen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(35):43439-43451
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The eddy covariance (EC) technique was used to measure variations of orchard-atmosphere CO2 exchange, as a function of meteorological variables in an... 相似文献