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911.
S. A. Murzina N. N. Nemova Z. A. Nefedova S. Falk-Petersen 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2010,41(1):51-54
A comparative study on the lipid composition of the liver and muscles has been performed in daubed shanny caught in summer
(July) in Arctic waters at three different sites (biotopes) along the north-western coast of Spitsbergen. In marine organisms
living at high latitudes, lipids play an especially important role, primarily as reserve substances and as a factor influencing
adaptation to severe environmental conditions. Since the ecology of daubed shanny is poorly known, the data obtained may be
considered novel. 相似文献
912.
The limited water resources of Egypt lead to widespread water-stress. Consequently, the use of marginal water sources, such as agricultural drainage waters, provides one of the national feasible solutions to the problem. However, the marginal quality of the drainage waters may restrict their use.The objective of this research is to develop a tool for planning and managing the reuse of agricultural drainage water for irrigation in the Nile Delta. This is achieved by classifying the pollution levels of drainage water into several categories using a statistical clustering approach that may ensure simple but accurate information about the pollution levels and water characteristics at any point within the drainage system.The derived clusters are then visualized by using a Geographical Information System (GIS) to draw thematic maps based on the entire Nile Delta, thus making GIS as a decision support system. The obtained maps may assist the decision makers in managing and controlling pollution in the Nile Delta regions. The clustering process also provides an effective overview of those spots in the Nile Delta where intensified monitoring activities are required. Consequently, the obtained results make a major contribution to the assessment and redesign of the Egyptian national water quality monitoring network. 相似文献
913.
It is well recognised that local ecological knowledge is an important facet of natural resource management in rural regions of the developing world. However, techniques to assess levels and to integrate it into formal or informal management approaches require further development. In particular, quantitative tools are missing, which would allow more robust analysis of the factors that positively or negatively affect local ecological knowledge and vice versa. This paper reports on a quick assessment approach that provides a quantitative score of generalist local ecological knowledge at the household level. It does so by comparing responses to the knowledge of local people identified as experts within the community. In this way it is both locally constructed and contextualized, and thereby avoids pitfalls of trying to score local ecological knowledge relative to conventional scientific knowledge which frequently cannot account for local constructs. The approach is applied at eight villages throughout the savanna biome in South Africa. 相似文献
914.
Kosheleva Ramonna I. Mitropoulos Athanasios C. Kyzas George Z. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(1):429-438
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Activated carbon is a material for many adsorption applications, combining low-cost and high-quality properties. Many sources of activated carbon have... 相似文献
915.
916.
Su Z. Qi Xiao F. Chen Yong Liu Jia Z. Jiang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):456-462
Tebuconazole is a chiral triazole fungicide used as raceme in a variety of agricultural applications. Earlier studies showed that tebuconazole is toxic to many non-target aquatic organisms but relative data for tebuconazole enantiomers are lacking. Thus, goal of this study was to evaluate and compare the toxicity of rac- and S-tebuconazole with Daphnia magna at both acute and chronic levels according to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines 202 and 211 respectively, to provide some guidelines for optimizing chiral pesticides application and management. The exposure concentrations were 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10 mg L?1 for both rac- and S-tebuconazole and their 48-h EC50 values to D. magna were 3.53 (3.32–3.78) and 2.74 (2.33–3.10) mg L?1 respectively, indicating that these both are medium toxic to D. magna with no significant toxicity difference at acute level. In chronic test, <24-h old D. magna were exposed to 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40 mg L?1 of rac- and S-tebuconazole with one blank and one solvent control for 21 days according to OECD guideline 211. Four developmental (molting rate, days to the 1st and 3rd brood, and body length) and five reproductive (size of the 1st and 3rd brood, number of broods, and number of neonates) parameters for each D. magna were determined. Results showed that both rac- and S-tebuconazole significantly reduced the reproduction and impacted the development of D. magna at concentrations of 0.05 mg L?1 or higher. Furthermore, S-tebuconazole was more toxic than raceme, and the difference between effects on the same parameters induced by rac- and S-tebuconazole was statistically significant. These results demonstrated that the chronic toxicity of S-tebuconazole might be underestimated in general use, and further studies should focus more on the biological behaviors of enantiomers and not just the raceme of tebuconazole and other chiral pesticides in the environment. 相似文献
917.
Kayleigh Brown Avik J. Ghoshdastidar Jillian Hanmore James Frazee Anthony Z. Tong 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(11):2188-2194
Compost leachate forms during the composting process of organic material. It is rich in oxidizable organics, ammonia and metals, which pose a risk to the environment if released without proper treatment. An innovative method based on the membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was developed to treat compost leachate over 39 days. Water quality parameters, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were measured daily. Concentrations of caffeine and metals were measured over the course of the experiment using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) respectively. A decrease of more than 99% was achieved for a COD of 116 g/L in the initial leachate. Ammonia was decreased from 2720 mg/L to 0.046 mg/L, while the nitrate concentration in the effluent rose to 710 mg/L. The bacteria in the MBR system adjusted to the presence of the leachate, and increased 4 orders of magnitude. Heavy metals were removed by at least 82.7% except copper. These successful results demonstrated the membrane bioreactor technology is feasible, efficient method for the treatment of compost leachate. 相似文献
918.
S. Ostojić M. Pavlović M. Živić Z. Filipović S. Gorjanović S. Hranisavljević M. Dojčinović 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2005,3(1):29-32
An investigation carried out in 11 dairies in Serbia has shows that 78.75 % of whey, a by-product of cheese industry, is emitted into river systems, thus contributing to the organic pollution of the environment. This pollution can be avoided by processing of whey into food and pharmaceuticals. It is shown that low-temperature regime of whey concentration and fractionation, based on vacuum concentration and diafiltration, preserves whey proteins undenaturated, as proved by differential scanning calorimetry method. Functional native whey proteins based food products, with potentially high immunomodulatory activity, are obtained. 相似文献
919.
Z. Milán E. Sánchez R. Borja K. Ilangovan A. Pellón N. Rovirosa 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):305-332
Abstract This study was carried out in a pilot plant for the treatment of anaerobic cattle manure waste. The pilot plant consisted of a semicontinous anaerobic reactor, a settling tank, a filtration process and an ionic exchange column. The study was focused on the filtration process, with natural zeolite as filtering material. In the filtration process different media sizes of natural zeolites packed in columns were tested. The ranges of media size were 0.4 ‐ 1.0, 1.0 ‐ 3.0 and 3.0 ‐ 5.0 mm. Filtration systems operated by gravity flow from 2 to 10 m3m‐2h‐1. The process control was done by assays of solids, turbidity, total and soluble COD, ammonium and orthophosphate. The results showed a better behaviour in the filters packed with a media size range between 1.0 and 3.0 mm, operating at 7 m3m‐2h‐1, principally when effluent gross particles were previously retained in an Heterogeneous Media Filter, operating at 4 m3m‐2h‐1. The head losses diagrams in the filter runs were obtained, at each operational conditions. The hydraulic behaviour of traditional silica sand and natural zeolite beds were compared at the same operational conditions. 相似文献
920.
G.R. Tortella R.A. Mella-Herrera D.Z. Sousa O. Rubilar G. Briceño L. Parra M.C. Diez 《Chemosphere》2013
The impact of repeated carbendazim (CARB) applications on the extent of CARB dissipation, the microbial diversity, the community level physiological profile (CLPP), and the enzymatic activity within the biomixture of an on-farm biopurification system was evaluated. After three successive CARB applications, the CARB dissipation efficiency was high; the efficiency of dissipation was 87%, 94% and 96% after each application, respectively. Although microbial enzymatic activity was affected significantly by CARB application, it could recover after each CARB pulse. Likewise, the numbers of cultivable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes (as measured in CFUs) were slightly affected by the addition of CARB, but the inhibitory effect of the pesticide application was temporary. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and Biolog Ecoplate assays demonstrated that the microbial populations remained relatively stable over time when compared to the control. The results obtained herein therefore demonstrate the high dissipation capacity of this biomixture and highlight the microbiological robustness of this biological system. 相似文献