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851.
生活垃圾加载介质层填埋法对初期渗滤液污染抑制效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以传统卫生填埋柱R2为对照,通过往生物反应器填埋柱R1内加载可渗透反应介质层1和2进行模拟试验,主要探讨了填埋柱R1垃圾渗滤液COD、总氮、氨氮及总磷的变化趋势,探索一种新型的加载介质层垃圾填埋处理方法。试验结果表明,填埋20周后, R1柱COD浓度基本维持在40 000~45 000 mg/L间,约为R2柱的20%~30%;第24周,R1柱总氮和氨氮分别为206.5 mg/L和167.3 mg/L,在16~24周内,R1总氮和氨氮分别约为R2的14.5%~17.5%和36.2%~43.6%;18周时,R1柱总磷达最大值1.704 mg/L,至第24周降为0.673 mg/L, 整个实验过程R1柱总磷约为R2的0.15%~0.56%。 相似文献
852.
垃圾填埋场微生物气溶胶粒径分布研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了了解垃圾填埋场微生物气溶胶粒径分布规律,在北京市某垃圾卫生填埋场填埋区、渗滤液处理区、生活区分别选定监测点,利用安德森六级微生物采样器,对填埋场空气微生物进行了系统的定点取样、测定和分析。研究结果表明,空气细菌粒径分布均为第Ⅰ级(>8.2 μm)最高,填埋区空气细菌粒径呈偏态分布,渗滤液处理区、生活区分别在第Ⅳ级和第Ⅲ级出现第2个峰值。携带细菌的可吸入微粒在渗滤液处理区比例最大。空气真菌与放线菌均在第Ⅳ级分布最高,携带真菌和放线菌的可吸入粒子的比例显著大于细菌(P<0.05)。填埋区不同作业时段空气微生物粒径在各级分布比例基本一致。填埋区细菌气溶胶中值直径为5.7 μm,渗滤液处理区为3.7 μm,生活区为5.3 μm,显著大于真菌气溶胶和放线菌气溶胶的中值直径(P<0.05)。 相似文献
853.
Epidemiological studies suggesting the possibility of harmful effects on human (specifically children’s leukaemia) due to
long-term exposure to magnetic fields of extremely low frequency (e.g. 50/60 Hz) and relatively low values (i.e. over the
microtesla range) have stirred high activity in the topic of magnetic field mitigation. To reduce these fields, it is common
to use passive metal screens (e.g. plates made of aluminium or steel). To design them, effective and fast numerical computations
are highly desirable. In this article, a method is presented, which computes various parameters of screens in a given shielding
problem and yields magnetic field distribution and shielding factors. The method takes into consideration the 3D field distribution
and is able to solve systems with large aspect ratios (thin thickness in comparison with its other dimensions); this is a
common problem where other methods such as finite elements often experience difficulties. The presented method computes separately
the field inside and outside the screens. Afterwards, the solutions are “stitched” together along the border of the subregions.
Two practical examples are given of the developed numerical method. 相似文献
854.
On experimental setup in bioelectromagnetics 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Bioeffects created by electromagnetic field (EMF) are the subject of intensive studies. This paper critically considers estimations
of exposure to EMF in bioelectromagnetic experiments. Results of calculations presented herein show the significant role of
the presence of conducting bodies (the exposure system) near an object under test on EMF energy absorption as well as mutual
interactions between simultaneously exposed objects. Our aims herein are twofold: firstly to find a way to refer measurement
results to free-space conditions in order to enable comparison of results obtained in different laboratories, and secondly
to show that EMF energy absorption in any exposed object is different and that this difference is a function of the size of
the exposure system, the number of exposed objects, and the particular properties (i.e., the electromagnetic structure) of
the objects. In the authors’ opinion the existence of interactions caused by the presence of the exposure system and other
exposed objects is a reason why remarkable differences are observed between experiments performed even under supposedly identical
conditions. The presented considerations and conclusion suggest wider participation of physicists and engineers in bioelectromagnetic
experiments in order to ensure the correctness of metrological aspects of these experiments. 相似文献
855.
Urbanization and its impact on groundwater: a remote sensing and GIS-based assessment approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The perils of unplanned urbanization and increasing pressure of human activities on hydro-geomorphologic system often result
in modification of the existing recharge mechanism, which leads to many environmental consequences. In the present research,
an attempt has been made to investigate the applicability of remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) in dealing
with spatial and temporal variability of dynamic phenomena, like urbanization and its impact on groundwater. This paper covers
primarily, quantitative and qualitative impacts of urban growth on the behavior of aquifer in Ajmer city (India). Urban growth
of the Ajmer city in last 17 years has been estimated from the satellite images. Database related to urbanization and groundwater
has been created in GIS. Groundwater recharge has been computed using a water balance approach known as Water Level Fluctuation
Methodology. Recharge estimation methodology has been implemented in GIS to introduce the spatial variability of hydro-geological
characteristics. Further, temporal and spatial variations in groundwater quality and quantity have been correlated with urban
growth using overlay analysis in GIS. The study reveals a general decline in water table and quality with urbanization. Further,
remote sensing and GIS technologies have been found useful in assessment of spatial and temporal phenomena of urbanization
and its impact on groundwater system. 相似文献
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微电解-催化氧化法处理高浓度甲醇废水 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
采用微电解一催化氧化法处理某化工厂的高浓度甲醇生产废水。实验结果表明:在进水pH为2.0、铁炭质量比为2、微电解时间为14h、空气流量为500mL/min的条件下,废水经微电解处理后,出水COD由原来的约7000mg/L降至约1000mg/L,COD去除率达85%以上;在过滤后微电解出水COD约为950mg/L、微电解出水pH为6.5、空气流量为300mL/min、催化氧化时间为3h时的条件下,经催化氧化处理后,出水COD降至100mg/L以下,出水水质达到GB8978--1996《污水综合排放标准》的二级标准。 相似文献