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771.
Shuting ZHANG Bo WEI Xin YU Bing LIU Zhuoying WU Li GU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(4):459-465
The biologic activated carbon (BAC) process is widely used in drinking water treatments. A comprehensive molecular analysis
of the microbial community structure provides very helpful data to improve the reactor performance. However, the bottleneck
of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction from BAC attached biofilm has to be solved since the conventional procedure was
unsuccessful due to firm biomass attachment and adsorption capacity of the BAC granules. In this study, five pretreatments
were compared, and adding skim milk followed by ultrasonic vibration was proven to be the optimal choice. This protocol was
further tested using the vertical BAC samples from the full-scale biofilter of Pinghu Water Plant. The results showed the
DNAyielded a range of 40 μg·g−1 BAC (dry weight) to over 100 μg·g−1 BAC (dry weight), which were consistent with the biomass distribution. All results suggested that the final protocol could
produce qualified genomic DNA as a template from the BAC filter for downstream molecular biology researches. 相似文献
772.
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774.
20世纪90年代以来,区域差异研究成为学术界和政府管理者关注的热点领域。长期以来学者们主要以单一经济指标或复合经济指标作为衡量因子,分析区域经济差异时空演变及差异背后的自然、社会、经济驱动机理。从可持续发展的角度看,区域发展不单是区域经济的发展,而应是社会、经济与资源环境三方面的协调。基于这一理解,从可持续协调发展入手,建立了区域发展综合评价指标体系,选取了表征社会进步、经济发展和资源环境支持3个方面的27个因素作为评价指标,分析了区域综合发展的测算方法,提出了综合发展指数和发展协调指数。在案例分析中运用所设计的测度方法对江苏省内县级行政单位的综合发展进行了评价和分析。 相似文献
775.
虎跳峡坝址为金沙江流域上下游鱼类的分界处,水生生境敏感而脆弱。科学预测水库蓄水对水温的影响,对于研究水库兴建对水生生物的影响,保护金沙江流域鱼类资源,探讨水库泄水对下游农田灌溉作物的影响具有重要意义。综合应用多种水库水温预测模型和方法,对虎跳峡水库蓄水后对库区和下游河道水温的影响进行了预测,并分析了水库泄水对下游灌溉作物的影响。结果表明,虎跳峡水库蓄水后库区水温比蓄水前明显升高,正常蓄水位1 950 m和2 010 m两个方案库区年均水温分别增加5.9℃和5.6℃,且6月~次年1月水温增幅较大;4~9月水库泄水水温比天然河段水温分别低3.5~6.2℃和3.3~7.1℃,两个方案都将对坝下采用干渠取水灌溉的农田作物带来一定的影响。 相似文献
776.
资源型城市接续主导产业的选择研究--以白银市为例 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文论述了资源型城市接续主导产业选择的重要性和选择原则,并以白银市为例,利用综合评价值法广告牌了白银市的主导产业和优势产业,然后用特尔斐法对白银市的接续主导产业进行了选择,选择结果比较符合白银市的实际情况。 相似文献
777.
前不久。美国加利福尼亚州能源委员会公共顾问玛格丽特.金女士来华参加有关环保与公众参与会议。会议期间。我刊记者对她进行了专访。就听证、公众参与及环境保护等一系列话题进行了深入探讨。金女士在委员会主要负责环境的决策。她曾负责起草环境影响评价的有关规章制度。[编者按] 相似文献
778.
本文把模糊线性规划方法引入灾害对策的研究当中。着重讨论了疏散人口和疏散地点间的关系,简单介绍了模糊疏散距离及其初步确定方法。 相似文献
779.
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) technology was applied as a pretreatment to disintegrate sewage sludge. The effects of homogenization pressure, homogenization cycle number, and total solid content on sludge disintegration were investigated. The sludge disintegration degree (DDCOD), protein concentration, and polysaccharide concentration increased with the increase of homogenization pressure and homogenization cycle number, and decreased with the increase of sludge total solid (TS) content. The maximum DDCOD of 43.94% was achieved at 80 MPa with four homogenization cycles for a 9.58 g/L TS sludge sample. A HPH sludge disintegration model of DDCOD= kNaPb was established by multivariable linear regression to quantify the effects of homogenization parameters. The homogenization cycle exponent a and homogenization pressure exponent b were 0.4763 and 0.7324 respectively, showing that the effect of homogenization pressure (P) was more significant than that of homogenization cycle number (N). The value of the rate constant k decreased with the increase of sludge total solid content. The specific energy consumption increased with the increment of sludge disintegration efficiency. Lower specific energy consumption was required for higher total solid content sludge. 相似文献
780.
Zhaohui Jiang Qingru Zeng Boqing Tie Bohan Liao Hejie Pi Xiaoyou Feng Yulin Sun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(1):177-181
Ammonia volatilization and the distribution of Cu and Zn were investigated in two types of soil treated with coated and uncoated urea. The rate of ammonia volatilization in two weeks after fertilizing with coated urea was 8% in soil 1 (soil derived from river alluvial deposits in Dongting Lake Plain) and 5.15% in soil 2 (red soil derived from quaternary red clay), about half the rates observed when fertilizing with common urea, implying that the hydrolysis speed of the coated urea was lower than for common urea, and that the coated urea can increase nitrogen use efficacy. As for the availability of Cu and Zn, their concentrations decreased in the first week after fertilization, and then increased, which was contrary to the effect of treatment on soil pH. For example, when the pH was 7.99, there was 0.79 mg/kg exchangeable Cu and 0.85 mg/kg exchangeable Zn in the soil derived from river alluvial deposits in Dongting Lake Plain. However, the concentrations of exchangeable Cu and Zn were generally lower for the common urea treatments than those with the coated urea because the peak pH for the common urea treatment was greater. The concentrations of these elements correlated well with pH in the range 4-8 in second order polynomial fits. 相似文献