Porous Cd0.5Zn0.5S nanocages derived from ZIF-8: boosted photocatalytic performances under LED-visible light

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A facile strategy was adopted to prepare porous Cd0.5Zn0.5S (CZS-X) nanocages by sulfurizing the rhombic dodecahedral ZIF-8 as precursor with...     

Global progress in climate change adaptation policies and its implication for China

This paper reviews the progress in climate change adaptation (CCA) policies both under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and in major regions and countries, including the EU and its major member countries, the influential developed countries in the Asia-Pacific region, the emerging economies and the least developed countries (LDCs). The progress made in China in CCA policies is also reviewed and compared with that in other countries. Finally, good international practices are proposed for China’s policy development. It is found that adaptation has been given the same priority as mitigation since the twenty-first century with regard to climate change-related actions. The topics related to adaptation in the international climate change negotiations under the UNFCCC have evolved from mechanisms for finance and technology development and transfer exclusively in the early stages to implementation of practical adaptation programs and actions. Since 2006, major developed and developing countries have frequently set forward specific CCA policies or general climate change policies involving adaptation in the form of laws, frameworks, strategies, and plans. The LDCs have also been working on National Adaptation Programmes of Action and subsequent National Adaptation Plans with the support from the financial mechanisms under the UNFCCC. Therefore, globally, it has become a common practice to develop national or regional policies to plan and guide CCA actions. China has established climate change policies involving adaptation at the national, regional, and sectorial levels since 2007. However, these policies have strong limitations in their knowledge base, strategic positioning, contents, and implementation mechanisms, e.g. lack of a sound knowledge base, an international perspective, clear responsibilities for policy implementation, and appropriate monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. It is recommended that China should further strengthen its technical capabilities in climate change projections as well as impact, vulnerability, and risk assessment, and develop methodologies and techniques for the preparation, impact assessment and implementation of CCA policies. Furthermore, future CCA strategies or plans should be developed with an emphasis on China’s vision and strategic position on the world stage.     

风电场声环境影响探析——以望江屯风电场二期工程为例

风力发电具有公认的环保优势,但由此产生的风力发电工程对局部生态环境及噪声等影响日益受到人们的关注,主要体现在风轮机的视觉污染、噪音、鸟类安全及电磁干扰等方面。探索风电场污染途径,消除或减缓风电场给环境带来的不良影响,对风电行业可持续发展将具有十分重要意义。目前,鉴于有关风电场运营期声环境影响文献较少,本文基于望江屯风电场二期（49．5MW）工程建设,探析风力发电工程声环境影响,为风电场建设控制噪声污染提供理论依据。     

水资源规划优化技术研究进展及展望

文章针对水资源管理与规划的发展过程,详细论述了水资源系统管理与规划中常用优化技术的国内外研究成果及应用。根据是否考虑了模型参数或者模型结构的不确定性问题,将优化模型分为确定性优化模型和不确定性优化模型,同时对每种优化技术做了简要介绍,通过对不确定性优化模型的详细介绍指出了不确定性优化是当前水资源系统优化的热点;同时指出当前不确定性优化技术存在的问题,未来不确定性优化技术发展方向为多种不确定性以及多重效益的综合考虑等。     

泸州市纳溪区农村环境污染现状及治理对策研究

随着农村经济发展和现代化进程的加快,农村环境状况日益恶化,农村环境形势十分严峻。农村生态环境受到破坏,不仅给农民身体健康带来危害,还制约了农村经济社会的可持续发展。因此,在泸州市纳溪区新农村建设中,解决农村环境问题已经成为当务之急。文章介绍了纳溪区农村环境污染现状,指出存在的主要问题及成因,最后根据该地区的具体特点提出农村环境污染的对策建议。     

黄磷尾气生产甲酸中尾气净化试验研究

通过综合研究试验筛选,研发专门适用以黄磷生产中外排废尾气为原料,匹配当今较先进的甲酸甲酯水解法(改进工艺)生产具有广泛用途和良好市场前景的环保型有机强酸———甲酸,完全满足优级甲酸生产的气体净化、提纯、提浓工艺技术,且安全可靠,经济合理。     

Laboratory-scale column study for remediation of TCE-contaminated aquifers using three-section controlled-release potassium permanganate barriers

A laboratory-scale study with a sand column was designed to simulate trichloroethylene(TCE) pollution in the aquifer environment with three-section controlled-release potassium permanganate(CRP) barriers.The main objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of CRP barriers in remediation of TCE in aquifers in a long-term and controlled manner.CRP particles with a 1:3 molar ratio of KMnO 4 to stearic acid showed the best controlled-release properties in pure water,and the theoretical release time was 138.5 days.The results of TCE removal in the test column indicated that complete removal efficiency of TCE in a sand column by three-section CRP barriers could be reached within 15 days.The molar ratio of KMnO 4 to TCE in the three-section CRP barriers was 16:1,which was much lower than 82:1 as required when KMnO 4 solution is used directly to achieve complete destruction of TCE.This result revealed that the efficiency of CRP for remediation of TCE was highly improved after encapsulation.     

酒石酸钾钠对重金属絮凝剂MAMPAM除Cu2+性能的影响

镀铜废水中由于存在酒石酸钾钠可与Cu2+形成酒石酸钾钠铜配合物使Cu2+的处理变得困难,为提高镀铜废水中Cu2+的处理效果,文章以聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、甲醛、氢氧化钠、巯基乙酸(TGA)为原料,经羟甲基化反应和酰胺化反应制备出重金属絮凝剂巯基乙酰化羟甲基聚丙烯酰胺(MAMPAM).分别以单一含Cu2+水样以及含Cu2+、酒石酸钾钠的混合水样为考察对象,研究MAMPAM对水样中Cu2+的去除性能.通过正交实验得出絮凝最优水力条件:快搅时间1.0 min,快搅速度160 r/rmin,慢搅时间20 min,慢搅速度30 r/min.MAMPAM对Cu2+有较好的去除效果,对于单一含Cu2+水样中,当水样pH值为3.0～6.0时,Cu2+的去除率随着pH值的增加而升高,Cu2+的最高去除率为92.12％.酒石酸钾钠的存在对MAMPAM除Cu2+具有促进作用,当混合水样初始pH值为4.0～6.0时,随着pH值的增加,促进作用增强,MAMPAM对混合水样中Cu2+的最高去除率可达98.84％.絮体分形维数结果表明,单一水样和混合水样中螯合絮体MAMPAM-Cu的分形维数与Cu2+的去除率之间均呈正相关性.     

Occurrence, profiles, and ecotoxicity of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances and their alternatives in global apex predators: A critical review

Certain poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exhibit significant bioaccumulation/biomagnification behaviors in ecosystems. PFASs, such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and related precursors, have elicited attention from both public and national regulatory agencies, which has resulted in worldwide restrictions on their production and use. Apex predators occupy the top trophic positions in ecosystems and are most affected by the biomagnification behavior of PFASs. Meanwhile, the long lifespans of apex predators also lead to the high body burden of PFASs. The high body burden of PFASs might be linked to adverse health effects and even pose a potential threat to their reproduction. As seen in previous reviews of PFASs, knowledge is lacking between the current stage of the PFAS body burden and related effects in apex predators. This review summarized PFAS occurrence in global apex predators, including information on the geographic distribution, levels, profiles, and tissue distribution, and discussed the trophic transfer and ecotoxicity of PFASs. In the case where legacy PFASs were restricted under international convention, the occurrence of novel PFASs, such as 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA) and perfluoroethylcyclohexane sulfonate (PFECHS), in apex predators arose as an emerging issue. Future studies should develop an effective analytical method and focus on the toxicity and trophic transfer behavior of novel PFASs.