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61.
Tankoua OF Buffet PE Amiard JC Amiard-Triquet C Mouneyrac C Berthet B 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(8):1253-1263
Introduction
To use biomarkers in monitoring programmes, potential confounding factors must be considered. In the clam Scrobicularia plana, the influence of size and salinity on biomarkers at different levels of biological organisation has been examined. 相似文献62.
Jean-Claude Dutay Julien Emile-Geay Daniele Iudicone Philippe Jean-Baptiste Gurvan Madec Claire Carouge 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2010,10(1-2):257-273
There is ongoing controversy as to the dynamical significance of geothermal heat flow in shaping the abyssal circulation. In this paper, we gauge the impact of geothermal heating and vertical mixing parameterizations in the general circulation model OPA. The experiments are evaluated by comparing simulated mantle 3He with observations collected during the GEOSECS and WOCE programs. This tracer is particularly adapted to the validation of our numerical simulations because its injection into the ocean interior is tightly linked to geothermal processes. In agreement with previous studies, the model circulation is found very sensitive to the parameterization of the vertical mixing. The meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is globally intensified when moving from a constant mixing to a version with enhanced mixing near the ocean bottom, with the most drastic variation observed for AABW (+ 50%). Adding the geothermal heat flux mainly affects AABW circulation in the model, enhancing it all the more as the meridional circulation is slow (low vertical mixing), but proportionally less so when it is more vigorous (enhanced vertical mixing). This can be understood from the requirement of the abyssal ocean to maintain heat balance. The evaluation with mantle 3He simulations reveals that the version with low vertical mixing, with its sluggish circulation, produces unrealistically high a 3He isotopic composition. However, with a vertical mixing that is enhanced at depth, the 3He distribution falls within an acceptable range of values in the deep ocean. Finally, adding the geothermal heating to this enhanced mixing case provides a substantial improvement of the simulation of AABW in all basins but the Indian Ocean. 3He isotopic composition is then in good agreement with the observations. Taken jointly with observational estimates of the MOC intensity, these independent isotopic constraints suggest that both geothermal heating and enhanced diapycnal mixing at depth are key ingredients in the realistic simulation of abyssal circulation. 相似文献
63.
Doumas Patrick Munoz Marguerite Banni Mohamed Becerra Sylvia Bruneel Odile Casiot Corinne Cleyet-Marel Jean-Claude Gardon Jacques Noack Yves Sappin-Didier Valérie 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(3):677-692
Regional Environmental Change - Abandoned mines are a recurrent problem for nearby communities in Mediterranean regions because mine tailings represent a major source of polymetallic contamination.... 相似文献
64.
Evelyne Aré Jean-Claude Fouron MD Manon Lessard Jacques Boisvert Andrée Grignon Nicolaas H. Van Doesburg 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(9):719-724
A case of right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia was detected at 33 weeks of gestation. Fetal echocardiography revealed the presence of an intrapericardial mass (3.5 × 3 cm) localized at the right of the heart and surrounded by a massive pericardial effusion. This mass had the same echogenicity as the liver, with which it shared vascular channels. The diagnosis of right diaphragmatic hernia with protrusion of hepatic tissue into the pericardial sac and secondary pericardial effusion was made and confirmed after birth. In utero diagnosis of this anomaly enabled correct assessment of perinatal risk, and optimal fetal and infant management. 相似文献
65.
We investigated quantitatively the sensitivity of plant species response curves to sampling characteristics (number of plots, occurrence and frequency of species), along a simulated pH gradient. We defined 54 theoretical unimodal response curves, issued from combinations of six values for optimum (opt = 3, 4, …, 8), three values for tolerance (tol = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5, sensu ter Braak and Looman [ter Braak, C.J.F., Looman, C.W.N., 1986. Weighted averaging, logistic regression and the Gaussian response model. Vegetatio 65, 3–11]), and three values for maximum probability of presence (pmax = 0.05, 0.20, and 0.50). For each of these 54 theoretical response curves, we built artificial binary data sets (presence/absence) to test the influence of species occurrence, frequency, or number of available plots. With real data extracted from EcoPlant, a phytoecological database for French forests [Gégout, J.-C., Coudun, Ch., Bailly, G., Jabiol, B., 2005. EcoPlant: a forest sites database linking floristic data with soil characteristics and climatic conditions. J. Veg. Sci. 16, 257–260], we compared the ecological response of 50 plant species to soil pH, based first on a small data set (100 randomly sampled plots), and then based on the whole data set available (3810 plots). 相似文献
66.
Pascal?Laurent Jean-Claude?Braekman Désiré?Daloze Jacques?M.?PasteelsEmail author 《Chemoecology》2003,13(3):109-111
Summary. 22-Acetyl-20-hydroxyecdysone was identified
as a major component in the secretion of elytral and pronotal
glands of Chrysolina carnifex, at an estimated concentration
of 1.5 x 10-1 M. This unexpected high concentration
of an ecdysteroid in an exocrine secretion of an insect is
discussed in terms of its potential defensive function, and in
the light of steroid production in similar glands of closely
related leaf beetles. 相似文献
67.
S. Sauvage H. Plaisance N. Locoge A. Wroblewski P. Coddeville J.C. Galloo 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(15):2430-2441
Since 1990, the MERA (MEsure des Retombées Atmosphériques, French acronym for background air pollution monitoring) network has been focused on the composition of the lower troposphere within the EMEP program. In particular, 46 non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC) concentrations have been measured between 1997 and 2006 at three MERA sites.The analysis of temporal trends using Mann-Kendall and Sen methods showed a global decrease of anthropogenic NMHC. These results are in accordance with the trends observed on other sites in Europe and follow the decrease of VOCs emissions in France. Nevertheless the concentrations of long-life species like ethane seem to remain steady showing the growing influence of most distant source areas. In addition isoprene concentrations are typically higher in France than in other countries in Europe and slightly rising. Data analysis was performed using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Five similar PMF factors are identified as aged profiles for the three sites. The examination of factor contributions made it possible to determine a hierarchy in source influence. A higher contribution of evaporative sources was observed on the southern site while residential heating was the main factor for the other two. This work was completed by a clustering analysis (K-means) of air mass trajectories in order to apportion source contribution depending on air mass origins. Two main groups have been distinguished: (1) older and diluted air masses from an oceanic origin; and (2) anthropogenic and closer sources indicating continental influence. 相似文献
68.
69.
70.
Durou C Poirier L Amiard JC Budzinski H Gnassia-Barelli M Lemenach K Peluhet L Mouneyrac C Roméo M Amiard-Triquet C 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,148(2):445-458
Relationships between biochemical and physiological biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase [AChE], catalase, and glutathione S-transferase [GST] activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glycogen, lipids and proteins) and accumulated concentrations of contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals) were examined in the keystone species Nereis diversicolor. The chemical analyses of worms and sediments allowed the designation of the Seine estuary and the Authie estuary as a polluted and relatively clean site respectively. Worms from the Seine estuary exhibited higher GST and lower AChE activities. Generally, larger worms had higher concentrations of energy reserves. Principal component analyses clearly highlighted intersite differences: in the first plan, GST activities and chemical concentrations were inversely related to concentrations of energy reserves; in the second one, PCB concentrations and AChE activity were inversely related. Depleted levels of energy reserves could be a consequence of combating toxicants and might predict effects at higher levels of biological organization. The use of GST and AChE activities and energy reserve concentrations as biomarkers is validated in the field in this keystone species. 相似文献