生物滴滤塔处理模拟印刷有机废气

选取甲苯、乙酸乙酯为目标污染物模拟印刷有机废气,采用生物滴滤塔对其进行处理。从某污水处理厂曝气池活性污泥中筛选出3株能够高效降解甲苯、乙酸乙酯的优势菌种,经鉴定分别为枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）、蜡状芽胞杆菌（Bacillus cereus）和嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌（Stenotrophomonas maltophilia）。实验结果表明：增大乙酸乙酯配比对VOCs去除率影响不大,而增大甲苯配比导致VOCs去除率下降明显;在进气VOCs质量浓度为约800 mg/m³（甲苯与乙酸乙酯的体积比1∶1）、气体空床接触时间为300 s、菌液喷淋量为800 L/h、菌液温度为25 ℃的条件下,VOCs去除率可达约99%。生物滴滤塔运行一段时间后,对菌种进行再鉴定,结果与处理前一致。     

长江三角洲典型城市工业用地价格偏离时空差异及影响因素研究

以长江三角洲地区典型城市为例,采用引入土地要素的C D生产函数模型估算不同城市的工业用地要素价格,深入探讨不同地区工业用地价格偏离情况的时空差异与影响因素。研究表明：（1）2009~2013年长江三角洲地区工业经济增长和生产结构主要依靠大量的资本投入,劳动要素投入的边际生产率最小;（2）长江三角洲地区工业用地价格偏离水平时空差异显著。近年来工业用地价格偏离总体水平逐渐提高,由东部地区至西部地区,工业用地价格的低估程度不断加大,分为轻微偏离区域、普通偏离区域、严重偏离区域这3种类型,且不同类别城市的工业用地价格偏离变化趋势分化明显;（3）经济发展水平、工业用地稀缺性、工业化程度、市场化程度对地区工业用地现实价格的低估现象有着明显的抑制效应,而工业行业规模和招商引资行为对地区工业用地现实价格的低估现象有着明显的促进效应。     

The use of spatial autocorrelation analysis to identify PAHs pollution hotspots at an industrially contaminated site

The identification of contamination “hotspots” are an important indicator of the degree of contamination in localized areas, which can contribute towards the re-sampling and remedial strategies used in the seriously contaminated areas. Accordingly, 114 surface samples, collected from an industrially contaminated site in northern China, were assessed for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and were analyzed using multivariate statistical and spatial autocorrelation techniques. The results showed that the PCA leads to a reduction in the initial dimension of the dataset to two components, dominated by Chr, Bbf&Bkf, Inp, Daa, Bgp, and Nap were good representations of the 16 original PAHs; Global Moran’s I statistics indicated that the significant autocorrelations were detected and the autocorrelation distances of six indicator PAHs were 750, 850, 1,200, 850, 750, and 1,200 m, respectively; there were visible high–high values (hotspots) clustered in the mid-bottom part of the site through the Local Moran’s I index analysis. Hotspot identification and spatial distribution results can play a key role in contaminated site investigation and management.     

湿式消解法对冷原子吸收测定生物样品中汞产生的干扰

用不同的湿式消解法对多种生物样品的进行消解测定,分析了实验的干扰因素,并推荐了比较适宜的消解方法。     

Environmental management zoning for coal mining in mainland China based on ecological and resources conditions

The purpose of this research is to establish an environmental management zoning for coal mining industry which is served as a basis for making environmental management policies. Based on the specific impacts of coal mining and regional characteristics of environment and resources, the ecological impact, water resources impact, and arable land impact are chose as the zoning indexes to construct the index system. The ecological sensitivity is graded into three levels of low, medium, and high according to analytical hierarchy processes and gray fixed weight clustering analysis, and the water resources sensitivity is divided into five levels of lower, low, medium, high, and higher according to the weighted sum of sub-indexes, while only the arable land sensitive zone was extracted on the basis of the ratio of arable land to the county or city. By combining the ecological sensitivity zoning and the water resources sensitive zoning and then overlapping the arable-sensitive areas, the mainland China is classified into six types of environmental management zones for coal mining except to the forbidden exploitation areas.     

从微生物指标中看我国肉类食品安全状况

从食品微生物指标：菌落总数、大肠菌群和致病菌三项入手,对我国肉类食品的微生物指标检测情况及其产品质量进行分析。在我国政府的有力监管下,肉类食品产品质量与安全有了大幅度提高。由此展望,21世纪,绿色肉类产品由于其健康、质量、安全、方便将成为消费主流和今后的发展趋势。     

畜禽废水处理技术及其应用进展

针对我国养殖业废水污染日益严重的现状,介绍了畜禽废水还田利用、自然处理以及工业化处理的优缺点、国内外应用现状以及研究的重点,并结合我国的实际情况,提出现阶段我国养殖业废水应重点发展还田利用技术与自然处理技术,并及时建立畜禽废水处理设计数据库以及编写设计规范。     

关于完善中国战略环境影响评价制度的探讨

虽然中国已经将规划环境影响评价纳入法律要求,并开始尝试更高层次的战略环境影响评价,但由于没有实施细则,战略环境影响评价制度并不完善.主要存在规则筛选程序不清晰、评价深度缺乏规范要求、审查主体的权威性不足、公众参与质量不高及评价对象的层次较低等问题.在分析上述问题的基础上,提出完善战略环境影响评价制度,提高其有效性的对策建议.     

Measurement and modeling of O3 variability in Shanghai,China: Application of the WRF-Chem model

Since 2005, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau (SMB) has established an observational network for measuring VOC, NO_x, O₃ and aerosols in the Shanghai region. In this study, a rapid O₃ changes from Aug/02/2007 to Aug/11/2007 was observed in the region. During this 10 day period, the noontime O₃ maximum decreased from 100 to 130 ppbv to about 20–30 ppbv. In order to analyze the processes in controlling this rapid change of O₃ during this short period, a newly developed regional chemical/dynamical model (WRF-Chem) is applied to study O₃ variability in the Shanghai region. The model performances are evaluated by comparing the model calculation to the measurement. The result shows that the calculated magnitudes and diurnal variations of O₃ are close to the measured results in city sites, but are underestimated at a rural petroleum industrial site, suggesting that the emissions from petroleum factories around this rural site are significantly underestimated and need to be improved. The calculated rapid changes of O₃ concentrations, O₃ precursors, and aerosols are consistent with the measured results, suggesting that the model is suitable to study the causes of this rapid O₃ change. The model analysis indicates that weather conditions play important roles in controlling the surface O₃ in the Shanghai region. During summer, there is a persistent sub-tropical high pressure system (SUBH) in southeast of Shanghai over Pacific Ocean. During the earlier time of the period (Aug/02–Aug/05), the SUBH system was weak, resulting in weak surface winds. With the calm winds, a noticeable noontime sea-breeze produced an inflow from ocean to land, generating a cycling pattern of wind directions. As a result, the high O₃ concentrations were trapped in the Shanghai region, with a maximum concentration of 100–130 ppbv. By contrast, during the later time of the period (Aug/06–Aug/11), the SUBH was enhanced, resulting in strong surface winds. The high O₃ concentrations formed in the city were rapidly transported to the downwind region of the city, resulting in low O₃ concentrations in the Shanghai region. This study illustrates that the WRF-Chem model is a useful tool for studying the high variability of O₃ concentrations in Shanghai, which has important implication for the prediction of high O₃ concentration events in the city.     

PCB边角料的成分与热重-差热分析研究

在温度为380℃、N₂∶O₂=7∶3（体积比）的条件下,对PCB边角料进行的化学成分分析实验结果表明：4种PCB边角料中SiO₂+CaO+Al₂O₃大约在32%～38%之间,金属含量在22%～28%之间,其余为树脂,大约为45%左右;热重差热分析在氮气气氛、升温速率为20℃/min的条件下进行,其结果为：失重在12%～36%之间,热值在13～19 MJ/kg左右,失重主要发生在300～400℃之间,约占总失重的70%～90%,300℃以下质量基本上没有变化,400～1 200℃之间,质量约占10%～30%：并分析了TG-DTA曲线的影响因素,为工业回收废弃PCB提供了有价值的基础数据。