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31.
Conti Marcelo Enrique Astolfi Maria Luisa Finoia Maria Grazia Massimi Lorenzo Canepari Silvia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):36057-36074
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we determined the levels of elements (i.e. As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, U, and Zn) in bees and edible beehive products (honey, wax,... 相似文献
32.
Andrea Amaroli Maria Grazia Aluigi Carla Falugi Maria Giovanna Chessa 《Chemosphere》2013,90(7):2115-2122
Studies by researchers worldwide have revealed that, even in industrialised nations, people, infants and the aged in particular, are even more exposed to neurotoxic drugs as a consequence of the increased quantity of pesticide residues in food. This phenomenon, as underlined by The Worldwatch Institute (2006), is linked to the exponential increase in the use of these toxic compounds over the last 40 years, up from 0.49 kg per hectare in 1961 to 2 kg in 2004, with the result that these substances are found in the daily diet.Many studies have demonstrated how the assumption of pesticides in the neonatal period and early infancy can alter the development and function of the nervous, immune, endocrine and reproductive apparatuses. Moreover, the unequivocal relationship between brain tumours, infant leukemia and pesticides are well recognised.On the basis of the above information, the effects of the neurotoxic thionophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) have been tested, considering biomarkers of toxicity and toxicity endpoint, on the biological models Dictyostelium discoideum, Paracentrotus lividus, and NTera2 Cells, as they are compatible with the 3Rs strategy (Reduction, Replacement, and Refinement in animal experiments). Our results have revealed that developing organisms are particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of CPF. 相似文献
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Vera Camacho-Valdez Arturo Ruiz-Luna Andrea Ghermandi César A. Berlanga-Robles Paulo A. L. D. Nunes 《Environmental management》2014,54(4):852-864
Changes in the coastal landscape of Southern Sinaloa (Mexico), between 2000 and 2010, were analyzed to relate spatial variations in wetlands extent with the provision and economic value of the ecosystem services (ES). Remote sensing techniques applied to Landsat TM imagery were used to evaluate land use/land cover changes while the value transfer method was used to assess the value of ES by land cover category. Five wetland types and other four land covers were found as representative of the coastal landscape. Findings reveal a 14 % decrease in the saltmarsh/forested mangrove area and a 12 % increase in the area of shrimp pond aquaculture (artificial wetland) during the study period. ES valuation shows that the total value flow increased by 9 % from $215 to $233 million (2007 USD) during the 10-year period. This increase is explained as result of the high value worldwide assigned to saltmarsh. We recognize limitations in the transfer-based approach in quantifying and mapping ES values in the region, but this method provides with value estimates spatially defined, and also provides some guidance in the preliminary screening of policies and projected development in the context of data-scarce regions. 相似文献
34.
In this paper we analyse an ordination method in which spatial contiguity information is included. The original method, proposed by Ver Hoef and Glenn-Lewin (1989), is extended, using graphs to describe spatial contiguity for several sampling schemes where locations are given. Extensions for two dimensional grids and for the case of discrete measures of abundance are analysed. Applications to simulated transect frequency data and real data collected on a regular grid are reported. 相似文献
35.
Professor Umberto Nicolini Alessandra Kustermann Beatrice Tassis Roberto Fogliani Andrea Galimberti Elena Percivalle Maria Grazia Revello Giuseppe Gerna 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(10):903-906
Fifteen fetuses at risk of congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection underwent prenatal diagnosis at 16–30 weeks' gestation by a combination of amniocentesis and fetal blood sampling. HCMV was isolated from the amniotic fluid in six patients, but HCMV-specific IgM was detected in only three of them. Two of the nine neonates, who were delivered following a negative prenatal diagnosis, had congenital HCMV infection diagnosed by virus isolation in the urine. The interval from infection to prenatal testing was 3 and 4 weeks in the two false-negative cases and ⩾ 7 weeks in the true-positive cases. Although timely testing for HCMV infection allows the option of termination of pregnancy, it may be flawed by false-negative results. 相似文献
36.
Liver of blue shark (Prionace glauca) specimens from the South-Eastern Mediterranean Sea were analyzed for the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), including coplanar congeners, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). PCBs were the dominant chemicals, followed by PCDFs and PCDDs. The pattern of PCB congener concentrations in the hepatic tissue was dominated by higher chlorinated compounds. The specific profile of toxic PCDD/F congeners was characterized mainly by 2,3,7,8-TCDF and 2,3,7,8-TCDD, followed by 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD and 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF. The total 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalent (TEQs) was 149 pg g−1 lipid wt. The profile of TEQ shows that PCDDs present the greatest risk to this species contributing to total toxicity with a percentage approximately of 60%, while the contribution of PCDFs and DL-PCBs is almost the same being 22.4% and 21.6%, respectively. Further investigations are urgently needed to characterize the PCDD/Fs contamination levels not only in elasmobranch fish but in all Mediterranean marine biota. 相似文献
37.
Conti ME Finoia MG Bocca B Mele G Alimonti A Pino A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(1):527-538
Lichen, Usnea barbata, transplants taken from Tierra del Fuego (south Patagonia, Argentina) were tested as potential biomonitors of atmospheric
airborne deposition in an apparently pristine environment. In 2005, lichens were sampled in a reference site (n = 31) and transplanted in the northern Region of Tierra del Fuego. After, respectively, 1 month and 1 year of exposure, we
collected them. The aim of the study was to determine the bioaccumulation of 26 elements in order to evaluate the background
levels in the selected area. Samples were analyzed by the sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Discriminant
analysis on principal component analysis factors was applied in order to explore the relationship among the different elements
as far as time and spatial variation in transplants regards. The analysis was tested by Monte Carlo test based on 999 replicates.
The most important contamination source resulted to be the atmospheric soil particle deposition. Furthermore, the results
were compared with those obtained from the lichens collected in central and southern Tierra del Fuego. This study confirms
the ability of U. barbata to reflect the background levels of the 26 elements in that environment. Compared with other background sites in the world,
we did confirm that Tierra del Fuego lichens have a low content of the studied elements. Tierra del Fuego turned out not to
be a pristine environment as supposed, but it can be considered as a reference basal ecosystem for useful comparisons among
different geographical areas. These findings can be very relevant and useful for environmental conservation programs. 相似文献
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Cecilia Vecoli Luigi Montano Maria Grazia Andreassi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(23):23339-23348
About a quarter of the human diseases occurs for exposure to air pollution. The male reproductive system, and especially spermatogenesis, seems to be particularly sensitive. As result, male infertility is increasing in industrial countries becoming a top priority for public health. In addition to psychological distress and economic constraints, poorer semen quality may have trans-generational effects including congenital malformations in the offspring and predispose to later onset adult diseases. Genetic and epigenetic alterations are involved in the failure of spermatogenesis. In this paper, we reviewed the major evidences of the effects of air pollutants on male infertility as well as the role of sperm DNA damage and epigenetic changes in affecting spermatogenesis. A better knowledge on the effects of air contaminants on the molecular mechanisms leading to infertility is of huge importance to help clinicians in identifying the cause of infertility but above all, in defining preventive and therapeutic protocols. 相似文献
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