Rhizophagus irregularis influences As and P uptake by alfafa and the neighboring non-host pepperweed growing in an As-contaminated soil

It was documented that arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi(AMF) play an important role in protecting host plants against arsenic(As) contamination. However, most terrestrial ecosystems contain a considerable number of nonmycorrhizal plants. So far little information is available for the interaction of such non-host plants with AMF under As contaminations. By using a dual compartment cultivation system with a plastic board or a nylon mesh separating roots of non-host pepperweed from roots of the AM-host alfafa plants, avoiding direct root competition, the two plant species were grown separately or partially separated(with rhizosphere effects) in the presence or absence of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis in As-contaminated soil. The results indicated that mycorrhiza caused phosphorus(P) concentration decrease in the non-host pepperweed, but promoted the P concentration of the AM host alfafa. Mycorrhiza is potentially helpful for non-host pepperweed to adapt to As contamination by decreasing root As concentration and showing no suppressing effect on biomass production. The study provides further evidence for the protective effects of AMF on non-host plants against As contamination, and improved our understanding of the potential role of AMF for non-host plant adaptation to As contaminated soils.     

在低碳经济中中国发展物流业的途径研究

针对在低碳经济中中国发展物流业的途径研究,首先介绍了在低碳经济中中国物流业的发展现状,探讨了在低碳经济中中国物流业存在问题,主要包括:中国物流业成本问题、中国物流业信息化问题、中国物流设施和技术装备问题和中国第三方物流的发展问题,提出在低碳经济中中国物流业的发展途径是中国物流业信息化程度的发展、中国物流业效率的发展、第三方物流在中国的发展、物流业设施和技术装备发展和专业物流业人才的发展,为中国发展物流业奠定了基础。     

水环境非突发性风险浅析

对水环境中事实上存在但尚未引起人们足够重视的一类风险，非突发性风险，作了简要的概述。主要讨论了关于非突发性风险的发生、特征、影响因素及研究目的，并为考虑非突发性风险的水质规划提供了一个新的科学依据。     

Preparation of rare-earth metal complex oxide catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation

Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is one of the most promising technologies for pollution abatement. Developing catalysts with high activity and stability is crucial for the application of the CWAO process. The Mn/Ce complex oxide catalysts for CWAO of high concentration phenol-containing wastewater were prepared by coprecipitation. The catalyst preparation conditions were optimized by using an orthogonal layout method and single-factor experimental analysis. The Mn/Ce serial catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and the metal cation leaching was measured by inductively coupled plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that the catalysts have high catalytic activities even at a low temperature (80°C) and low oxygen partial pressure (0.5 MPa) in a batch reactor. The metallic ion leaching is comparatively low (Mn<6.577 mg/L and Ce<0.6910 mg/L, respectively) in the CWAO process. The phenol, COD_Cr, and TOC removal efficiencies in the solution exceed 98.5% using the optimal catalyst (named CSP). The new catalyst would have a promising application in CWAO treatment of high concentration organic wastewater.     

区域大气环境质量变化趋势研究

本文研究了城市及其开发区域大气环境质量变化趋势的计算方法，并对一城市开发区进行了实例研究，应用本文的方法可以对城市及其开发区进行多点源和的影响下大气环境质量模拟。预测，评价与规划。     

水体突发污染事件的在线生物监测技术研究进展

水体突发性污染事件的污染方式具有多样性,污染物种类具有复杂性。水体突发污染事件的特征决定在线生物监测的难度。结合受试生物种类和生物生理生态指标的不同,综合分析了已经报道的水体污染在线生物监测技术。根据统计分析结果,已经报道的水体突发性污染在线生物监测技术主要分为:基于生物行为变化的在线生物监测技术、基于生物生理变化的在线生物监测技术和基于综合生物指标的在线生物监测技术3类。在不同生物种类和生理生态指标分析基础上,对不同在线生物监测技术的基本原理和优缺点进行分析,也对不同在线生物监测技术存在的缺点提出解决的主要方案,为水体突发污染事件监测分析提供支持,以满足水体突发污染事件的在线监测和应急管理需求。     

改性天然沸石去除水中氨氮的研究

分别采用NaCl、KCl和CaCl2对黑龙江省某市天然沸石进行改性，考察了pH值、氨氮初始浓度以及温度对改性沸石交换性能的影响，并对改性沸石的交换动力学进行了研究。结果表明，NaCl和KCl改性对沸石原矿交换容量有不同程度提高，而KCl改性后容量有所降低。pH、NH4初始浓度以及温度对交换性能有明显影响，pH6．0附近沸石交换容量最大；NH4初始浓度越高，反应速度越快，相同初始浓度下，钾型沸石交换速度较快，而沸石原矿交换速度最慢。采用Langmuir型离子交换等温线进行非线性回归的结果显示，低温有利于交换反应的进行。溶液中NH4^＋在改性沸石上的离子交换反应可采用Vermeulen模型描述，沸石原矿拟合相关系数较差。改性沸石多次再生后，其交换容量均有所降低。     

软锰矿浆烟气脱硫动力学研究

研究了软锰矿浆烟气脱硫工艺SO2与软锰矿反应的动力学特征,考察了搅拌强度、温度和SO2浓度等因素对反应速率的影响,计算出反应活化能和反应级数,建立了揭示SO2与软锰矿反应动力学特征的锰浸出速率方程.     

华北山区大气气溶胶浓度及其尺度谱分布的研究

1980年3月,我们在北京北部山区,用光学粒子计数器观测了“干净”地区近地层大气气溶胶浓度与尺度谱分布。发现“有霾”大气气溶胶的浓度及其尺度谱分布的变化特征具有特殊性。计算表明,三参数谱模式的拟合效果较好。     

岳阳南湖水质变化趋势与保护措施研究

应用湖泊完全混合模型和狄龙模型，预测了岳阳经济技术开发区和南湖旅游度假区建成后对有水质的影响，结果表明南湖水质污染将会加剧。根据南湖污染源的情况，文中提出了相应的水质保护措施。