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111.
Ambaye Teklit Gebregiorgis Vaccari Mentore Prasad Shiv Rtimi Sami 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(39):58429-58429
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 相似文献
112.
Kumar Peeyush Mishra Sapna Kumar Atul Kumar Sanjeev Prasad Chandra Shekhar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(27):21948-21959
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Contamination of environment and food from the prevalent spores and mycotoxins of Aspergillus niger has led to several diseases in humans and other... 相似文献
113.
Modeling Changes to Streamflow,Sediment, and Nutrient Loading from Land Use Changes Due to Potential Natural Gas Development 下载免费PDF全文
Lars Hanson Steven Habicht Prasad Daggupati Raghavan Srinivasan Paul Faeth 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2017,53(6):1293-1312
Natural gas development using hydraulic fracturing has many potential environmental impacts, but among the most certain is the land disturbance required to build the well pads and other infrastructure required to drill and extract the gas. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to investigate how natural gas development could impact streamflow and sediment, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP) loadings in the upper Delaware River Basin (DRB), a relatively undeveloped watershed of 7,950 km2 that lies above the Marcellus Shale formation. If gas development was permitted, our projections show the DRB could experience development of over 600 well pads to extract natural gas at build out, which, with supporting infrastructure (roads, gathering pipelines), could convert over 5,000 ha from existing land uses in the study area. In subbasins with development activity we found sediment, TN, and TP yields could increase by an average of 15, 0.08, and 0.03 kg/ha/yr, respectively (an increase of 2, 3, and 15%, respectively) for each one percent of subbasin land area converted into natural gas infrastructure. At the study area outlet on the Delaware River at Port Jervis, New York, we found increases in the annual average streamflow and sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus loads of up to 0.01, 0.2, 0.2, and 1%, respectively, for a rapid development year, and 0.08, 1.3, 2.0, and 11%, respectively, for the full development scenario. Editor's note : This paper is part of the featured series on SWAT Applications for Emerging Hydrologic and Water Quality Challenges. See the February 2017 issue for the introduction and background to the series. 相似文献
114.
Huma Siddiqui Mohammad Ashquin Rajendra Prasad Jamal Mohammad Arif Trushakant N. Patil Iqbal Ahmad 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,176(1-4):213-223
A large variety of ornamental and decorative items are manufactured from bone waste by various unorganized sectors in India. An initial survey indicated that workers were exposed at various phases of final product. The subjects (12 industrial units) were tested for total suspended particulate matter (TSPM), particulate matter <10 $\upmu $ m (PM10), and particulate matter <2.5 $\upmu $ m (PM2.5). Prevalent levels of TSPM ranged between 2.90 and 5.89 mg m???3. Respirable fractions of occupational dust as PM10 and PM2.5 were found in the range of 0.30?C2.08 and 0.26?C0.50 mg m???3, respectively. Cytotoxicity study was conducted using hemolysis as a sensitive marker. In an in vitro study, rat RBCs were exposed to the concentration of 25?C1,000 $\upmu $ g/ml for 15?C120 min. A considerable variation was observed in the hemolytic activity of samples collected from different areas. At 500 $\upmu $ g/ml concentration, the hemolytic activity (12 h) was found to be in the range of 18?C25%. Due to limitation in sample mass of respirable fractions, only one concentration (100 $\upmu $ g/ml/2 h) was used for comparative study on hemolysis of RBCs caused by PM10 and PM2.5. Interestingly, the hemolytic activity was more at PM2.5 than PM10 and TSPM. These results suggest that the respirable particles are capable of reaching deep into the respiratory system. The finding is significant notably when there are no standards available in occupationally exposed populations. This is the first such study. Data could be of importance to policy makers and regulators. 相似文献
115.
Distribution and solid-phase speciation of toxic heavy metals of bed sediments of Bharali tributary of Brahmaputra River 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Raza Rafiqul Hoque K. G. Goswami B. C. Kusre K. P. Sarma 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,177(1-4):457-466
Heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd) concentrations and their chemical speciations were investigated for the first time in bed sediments of Bharali River, a major tributary of the Brahmaputra River of the Eastern Himalayas. Levels of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Cd in the bed sediments were much below the average Indian rivers; however, Cu and Zn exhibit levels on the higher side. Enrichment factors (EF) of all metals was greater than 1 and a higher trend of EF was seen in the abandoned channel for most metals. Pb showed maximum EF of 32 at site near an urban center. The geoaccumulation indices indicate that Bharali river is moderately polluted. The metals speciations, done by a sequential extraction regime, show that Cd, Cu, and Pb exhibit considerable presence in the exchangeable and carbonate fraction, thereby showing higher mobility and bioavailability. On the other hand, Ni, Mn, and Fe exhibit greater presence in the residual fraction and Zn was dominant in the Fe?CMn oxide phase. Inter-species correlations at three sites did not show similar trends for metal pairs indicating potential variations in the contributing sources. 相似文献
116.
Pathak H Bhatia A Prasad S Singh S Kumar S Jain MC Kumar U 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,77(2):163-178
Nitrous oxide (N2O) accounts for 5%of the total enhanced greenhouse effect and responsiblefor the destruction of the stratospheric ozone. The rice-wheat cropping system occupying 26 million ha ofproductive land in Asia could be a major source ofN2O as most of the fertilizer N in this region isconsumed by this system. Emission of N2O asinfluenced by application of urea, urea plus farm yardmanure (FYM), and urea plus dicyandiamide (DCD), anitrification inhibitor, was studied in rice-wheatsystems of Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Total emissionof N2O-N from the rice-wheat systems varied between654 g ha-1 in unfertilized plots and 1570 g ha-1 in urea fertilized plots. Application of FYM and DCDreduced emission of N2O-N in rice. The magnitude ofreduction was higher with DCD. In wheat also N2O-Nemission was reduced by DCD. FYM applied in rice had noresidual effect on N2O-N emission in wheat. In riceintermittent wetting and drying condition of soilresulted in higher N2O-N emission than that ofsaturated soil condition. Treatments with 5 irrigationsgave higher emissions in wheat than those with 3irrigations. In rice-wheat system, typical of a farmer'sfield in Indo-Gangetic plains, where 240 kg N isgenerally applied through urea, N2O-N emission is1570 g ha-1 (0.38% of applied N) and application ofFYM and DCD reduced it to 1415 and 1096 g ha-1,respectively. 相似文献
117.
Dipa Ray Papri Roy Suparna Sengupta Siba Prasad Sengupta Amar K. Mohanty Manjusri Misra 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2009,17(1):49-55
Starch/Poly(vinylalcohol) blends in two different ratios (60:40 and 50:50) were prepared with glycerol as a plasticizer. Films
were cast by a solution casting method. One set of films were filled with 10 wt% of bentonite clay and another set of films
were crosslinked with epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium. The prepared film samples were characterized with dynamic mechanical
analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The presence of clay and crosslinking with epichlorohydrin was found
to have considerable effect on the dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability of the films. Intercomponent H-bonding
between starch, Poly(vinylalcohol) and glycerol enhanced the thermal stability of the films. But incorporation of clay and
crosslinking with epichlorohydrin enhanced the steric crowding and lowered the thermal stability of the films. 相似文献
118.
Sheo Mohan Prasad 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(6):543-555
This present study deals with the growth, photosynthesis, oxidative stress and phytoremediation character of Azolla pinnata L. exposed to different levels (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg·L?1) of cadmium (Cd). Significant accumulation of Cd in Azolla fronds was noticed after 24 and 96 h of exposure and the accumulation rate was dose and time dependent. Growth of A. pinnata increased significantly after both exposure times with and without metal. At lower Cd doses (0.05 and 0.1 mg·L?1), growth and photosynthesis of A. pinnata showed a marginal increase over the respective control, however, at higher Cd doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg·L?1), a decreasing trend was noticed. At lower doses, Azolla fronds could counterbalance the negative effect of enhanced levels of superoxide radicals (SOR) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through the greater activity of antioxidative enzymes. The decaresing trends in catalase and peroxidase activity at higher Cd doses suggest that Azolla fronds were not able to mitigate the negative effects of H2O2, hence an increase in malondialdehyde content was noticed. The study concludes that up to 0.1 ,mg·L?1 Cd, A. pinnata can flourish and be used as biofertiliser and for phytoremedial purposes in Cd-contaminated fields; beyond this concentration poor growth may restrict its application. 相似文献
119.
Gama-Flores JL Huidobro-Salas ME Sarma SS Nandini S 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(4):489-495
We quantified the combined effects of three food levels (0.01 x 10(6), 0.1 x 10(6) and 1.0 x 10(6) cells ml(-1)) and three temperature levels (15, 20 and 25 degrees C) on the somatic and the clonal population growth of two cladocerans Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia pulex for 24 to 42 days. The somatic growth data showed that both the cladoceran species began to increase their body size within 3 days and remained stable beyond a week. Food density had a significant effect on the body size of C. dubia while for D. pulex, food level and temperature as well as their interaction had significant effect on the body size. The population growth of both the cladoceran species was affected by temperature. At 15 degrees C, C. dubia showed little growth at the highest food density, while at low food level, there was some increase in the population abundances, especially after a long lag phase of about 2 weeks. At 15 degrees C and under the lowest tested food level, the population of D. pulex did not increase beyond the inoculation density. Optimal population growth of D. pulex was observed at intermediate temperature and at 1.0 x 10(6) cells ml(-1) of food level while for C. dubia 25 degrees C and the highest food level yielded highest growth. At low food level and low temperature, the rate of population increase (r) of C. dubia was much lower than that of D. pulex at comparable conditions. On the hand, at higher food levels and temperature regimes, the r of D. pulex was much higher than that of C.dubia. Regardless of the food levels and temperature, the r of C. dubia varied from 0.03 to 0.07 while that of D. pulex varied from 0.01 to 0.08 day(1). 相似文献
120.
Assessment of temporal variation in water quality of some important rivers in middle Gangetic plains, India 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nipunika Rani Ravindra Kumar Sinha Kriteshwar Prasad Dilip Kumar Kedia 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,174(1-4):401-415
The study explains water quality of three important tributaries of the Ganga River in the middle Gangetic plains in India. Seasonal changes in the water quality of the studied rivers: Gandak, Ghaghra, and Sone were observed. During monsoon, several water quality parameters show considerable changes due to increased runoff from the catchments and other seasonal factors. Multivariate discriminant analysis delineated a few parameters responsible for temporal variation in water quality. Seasonal variation in water quality of the Gandak River was rendered by seven parameters??turbidity, sulfate, pH, phosphate, water temperature, total alkalinity, and sodium, while total alkalinity and water temperature were responsible for seasonal discrimination in water quality of Ghaghra River. Water temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, calcium, and phosphate were important for seasonal discrimination in water quality of Sone River. The seasonal changes in water quality of the rivers were due to seasonal effects and catchment characteristics. The discriminant functions classified most of the cases correctly. 相似文献