全文获取类型
收费全文 | 222篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 4篇 |
废物处理 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 26篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
基础理论 | 103篇 |
污染及防治 | 60篇 |
评价与监测 | 13篇 |
社会与环境 | 8篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 21篇 |
2012年 | 3篇 |
2011年 | 12篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 7篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有228条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
201.
Regurgitated food samples were collected from 18 species of seabirds on 8 of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands between February 1978 and February 1981. Sea-skaters (Halobates sericeus) was found in the diets of 9 species, but can be considered to be an important food item for only 4 species: the blue-gray noddy Procelsterna cerulea; the Bonin petrel Pterodroma hypoleuca; the gray-backed tern Sterna lunata; and Bulwer's petrel, Bulweria bulwerii. The blue-gray noddy, by far the most important avian predator of Halobates spp., may at times feed exclusively on this food item and may appreciably reduce the populations of sea-skaters within their foraging territories. 相似文献
202.
Perceptions of Species Abundance,Distribution, and Diversity: Lessons from Four Decades of Sampling on a Government-Managed Reserve 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J. Whitfield Gibbons
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Vincent J. Burke Jeffrey E. Lovich Raymond D. Semlitsch Tracey D. Tuberville J. Russell Bodie Judith L. Greene Peter H. Niewiarowski Howard H. Whiteman David E. Scott Joseph H. K. Pechmann Christopher R. Harrison Stephen H. Bennett John D. Krenz Mark S. Mills Kurt A. Buhlmann John R. Lee Richard A. Seigel Anton D. Tucker Tony M. Mills Trip Lamb Michael E. Dorcas Justin D. Congdon Michael H. Smith David H. Nelson M. Barbara Dietsch Hugh G. Hanlin Jeannine A. Ott Deno J. Karapatakis 《Environmental management》1997,21(2):259-268
/ We examined data relative to species abundance, distribution, anddiversity patterns of reptiles and amphibians to determine how perceptionschange over time and with level of sampling effort. Location data werecompiled on more than one million individual captures or observations of 98species during a 44-year study period on the US Department of Energy's(DOE) Savannah River Site National Environmental Research Park (SRS-NERP) inSouth Carolina. We suggest that perceptions of herpetofaunal speciesdiversity are strongly dependent on level of effort and that land managementdecisions based on short-term data bases for some faunal groups could resultin serious errors in environmental management. We provide evidence thatacquiring information on biodiversity distribution patterns is compatiblewith multiyear spatially extensive research programs and also provide aperspective of what might be achieved if long-term, coordinated researchefforts were instituted nationwide.To conduct biotic surveys on government-managed lands, we recommend revisionsin the methods used by government agencies to acquire and report biodiversitydata. We suggest that government and industry employees engaged inbiodiversity survey efforts develop proficiency in field identification forone or more major taxonomic groups and be encouraged to measure the status ofpopulations quantitatively with consistent and reliable methodologies. Wealso suggest that widespread academic cooperation in the dissemination ofinformation on regional patterns of biodiversity could result byestablishment of a peer-reviewed, scientifically rigorous journal concernedwith status and trends of the biota of the United States. KEY WORDS: Abundance; Amphibian; Biodiversity; Distribution; Landmanagement; Reptile 相似文献
203.
Harrison KW Dumas RD Barlaz MA Nishtala SR 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2000,50(6):993-1003
Evaluation of alternate strategies for municipal solid waste (MSW) management requires models to calculate environmental emissions as a function of both waste quantity and composition. A methodology to calculate waste component-specific emissions associated with MSW combustion is presented here. The methodology considers emissions at a combustion facility as well as those avoided at an electrical energy facility because of energy recovered from waste combustion. Emission factors, in units of kg pollutant per metric ton MSW entering the combustion facility, are calculated for CO2-biomass, CO2-fossil, SOx, HCl, NOx, dioxins/furans, PM, CO, and 11 metals. Water emissions associated with electrical energy offsets are also considered. Reductions in environmental emissions for a 500-metric-ton-per-day combustion facility that recovers energy are calculated. 相似文献
204.
Alan M. Jones Roy M. Harrison 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2006,40(40):7733-7741
Proposals from the European Commission have raised the possibility that Member States may be able to subtract the concentrations of natural components of airborne particulate matter from measured concentrations when evaluating compliance with EU Limit Values. By applying the pragmatic mass closure model [Harrison et al., 2003. A pragmatic mass closure model for airborne particulate matter at urban background and roadside sites. Atmospheric Environment 37, 4927–4933] to chemical composition data for PM10, it has been possible to estimate the concentrations of natural sea salt, strongly bound water and secondary organic carbon (which is assumed wholly biogenic) to the measured mass of PM10. Because of the difficulty in distinguishing between natural and anthropogenic crustal dusts, the contribution of natural windblown dust and soil has not been accounted for. When the natural components are estimated for two urban and one rural site in the UK, the long-term mean PM10 concentration is reduced by between 5.2 and 7.3 μg m−3. The number of exceedences of the 50 μg m−3 24-h limit value falls dramatically from 54 to 21 (from a total of 291 days) at an urban street canyon site, 7 to 3 (n=292 days) at an urban background site and from 8 to 0 (n=241 days) at a rural site when using gravimetric PM10 concentrations. The calculations have also been performed using PM10 concentrations measured by TEOM increased by a factor of 1.3 as recommended by the European Commission as an interim means of estimating gravimetric equivalency, and the number of exceedences of the 24-h limit value fell from 92 to 47 (from a total of 291 days) at the urban street canyon site, from 11 to 3 (n=292 days) at the urban background site and from 6 to 3 (n=241) at the rural site. Clearly, therefore, application of this proposed measure would make a very major difference to the likelihood of compliance or otherwise with the 24-h limit value for PM10. 相似文献
205.
Demokritou P Kavouras IG Harrison D Koutrakis P 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2001,51(4):514-523
A conventional impactor for a particle speciation sampler was developed and validated through laboratory and field tests. The speciation sampler consists of the following components: a PM2.5 conventional impactor that removes particles larger than 2.5 microns, an all-glass, coated honeycomb diffusion denuder, and a 47-mm filter pack. The speciation sampler can operate at two different sampling rates: 10 and 16.7 L/min. An experimental characterization of the impactor's performance was conducted. The impactor's collection efficiency was examined as a function of critical design parameters such as Reynolds number, the distance from the nozzle exit to the impaction plate, and the impaction substrate coating method. The bounce of particles larger than the cut point was successfully minimized by using a greased surface as the impaction substrate. Additionally, a series of field intercomparison experiments were conducted at both 10 and 16.7 L/min airflow. PM2.5 mass and SO4(2-) concentrations were measured and compared with the Federal Reference Method (FRM) and found to be in good agreement. Results of the laboratory chamber tests also indicated that the impactor's performance was in good agreement with the FRM. 相似文献
206.
Rose M Harrison N Greaves A Dowding A Runacres S Gem M Fernandes A White S Duff M Costley C Leon I Petch RS Holland J Chapman A 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(4):378-383
To control the outbreak of foot and mouth disease, which occurred in the UK in early 2001, a large number of farm animals were slaughtered. Where it was not possible to render or landfill the carcasses, they were destroyed by burning on open pyres, with wood, coal and other materials. Uncontrolled combustion such as this is known to produce small quantities of dioxins and an investigation was made into whether, as a result of the burning, there was an elevation in the concentrations of these compounds in food produced in the areas close to the pyres. With few exceptions, concentrations of PCDD/Fs and PCBs were within the expected ranges as predicted by reference data. No accumulation over time was evident from a repeat milk sampling exercise. Where elevated concentrations of PCDD/Fs and PCBs were found in chickens and eggs, they were in samples not destined for the food chain. Elevated levels in some samples of milk from Dumfries and Galloway were not found in earlier or later samples and may have been found as a result of a temporary feeding regime. Elevated concentrations in lamb from Carmarthenshire were from very young animals which would not have entered the food chain. There was no evidence of any significant increase in dietary exposure to PCDD/Fs and PCBs as a result of the FMD pyres. 相似文献
207.
A comparison between the diacetyl monoxime and urease methods for measuring dissolved concentrations of urea in seawater was conducted in artificial seawater, phytoplankton-culture filtrate and both natural and ureaspiked field samples from coastal and oceanic enviroments during 1984. The urease technique underestimated urea concentrations in unbuffered photoplankton-culture filtrate as a result of the inhibition of the urease enzyme, causing the incomplete hydrolysis of urea in these samples. Factors responsible for inhibiting urease included pH, seawater ions, and possibly extracellular metabolites produced in unialgal cultures. Seawater type and time of sample collection were important variables affecting urea measurement by the urease method, and recovery of internal standards ranged from 40 to 100%. Increasing the heating time of the urease assay, or the concentration of urease added to the seawater samples increased the amount of urea determined by the urease method. However, measured values were still less than the concentration of the urea internal standards. The diacetyl monoxime method was suitable for urea determinations in all the seawater samples we examined; it was easily automated, and the results were accurate and reproducible. This modified technique is recommended for measuring disolved concentrations of urea in seawater. 相似文献
208.
A water-soluble fraction of green leaves of Zostera marina L. decreased carbon uptake rates in diatoms found as epiphytes at Roberts Bank (Lat 49°2N; Long. 123°8W) on the west coast of Canada. Extract concentrations of 11 to 1 g dry leaf ml-1, added immediately before 14C-uptake was measured over a 3-h period, reduced uptake to 36 to 80% of controls, respectively. A lower concentration (0.6 g dry leaf ml-1) reduced uptake significantly in only one of four cultures. Addition of the whole extract 3 d before carbon uptake was measured or in one-third doses, 0, 1, and 2 d before, resulted in inhibition similar to that observed when the whole extract was added immediately before the 14C. 相似文献
209.
Species of neritic eukaryotic marine phytoplankton were investigated during 1982 for hydroxamate-type siderophore production under iron-sufficient and iron-deficient culture conditions. Three of the 5 Prorocentrum species examined produced siderophores. Prorocentrin, the extracellular hydroxamate-type siderophore isolated from P. minimum, was also produced by P. mariae-lebouriae and P. gracile. P. maximum and P. micans grew poorly in iron-deficient medium and did not produce intracellular or extracellular hydroxamate-type siderophores. Thalassiosira pseudonana and Dunaliella tertiolecta produced extracellular siderophores under iron-deficient conditions, but siderophore production was not detected in the other two species, Skeletonema costatum and Olisthodiscus luteus. Each species which produced extracellular Csaky-positive hydroxamate showed a similar pattern of production. Under iron-sufficient conditions there was no measurable siderophore found either intracellularly or extracellularly. Under iron-deficient culture conditions hydroxamate-type siderophore was produced 1 to 2 d after the cessation of growth in the stationary phase. Production was over a short period of time (1 to 2 d) and the siderophore did not remain in the medium. The rate of siderophore disappearance from the medium was similar to the rate of production. Each species which produced siderophores showed an increase in in vivo fluorescence coincidental with the disappearance of the extracellular siderophore from the culture medium. There was no corresponding increase in in vivo fluorescence in iron-sufficient cultures. It is suggested that in vivo fluorescence may be used as a screening procedure for determining hydroxamate-type siderophore production in eukaryotic phytoplankton. An hypothesis on the iron uptake mechanism is proposed. 相似文献
210.
The resistance of a nutrient cycling system to a disturbance that alters the flow rates, measured by the displacement of the nutrient levels while the disturbance continues, is as important an aspect of stability as the rate of return to equilibrium after the disturbance ends. Two important characteristics of the resistance of a system are the ultimate displacement that would occur if the disturbance lasted indefinitely, and the rate at which the system approaches the ultimate displacement.The mathematical theory is worked out for linear systems and applied to a group of eight nutrient cycling models. The relative resistance of individual compartments of different systems depends heavily on the period of interest, because of the wide range of magnitudes of the eigenvalues, which determine the response times. However, when measuring the change in total nutrients in a system with small exterior flows compared with the amount of internal cycling, only the critical root is significant in determining the response rate. 相似文献