丙烯酸柱撑类水滑石的制备及其对Cu2+的吸附性能

以Zn-Al-NO3--类水滑石为前体,采用返混沉淀法制备了丙烯酸柱撑类水滑石,将其用于吸附废水中的Cu2+.实验结果表明:当初始Cu2+质量浓度为80 mg/L、丙烯酸柱撑类水滑石加入量为40 g/L、废水pH为6、吸附时间为2.0 h时,丙烯酸柱撑类水滑石对Cu2+有较好的吸附效果,在此条件下废水中Cu2+的吸附率高达95.31％;丙烯酸柱撑类水滑石对Cu2+的吸附符合Freundlich等温吸附模型.     

Analysis of a broad range of perfluoroalkyl acids in accipiter feathers: method optimization and their occurrence in Nam Co Basin,Tibetan Plateau

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are ubiquitous in the environment. They are prone to accumulate in organisms and have raised public attention in recent decades. Feather samples have been successfully applied as nondestructive indicators for several contaminants. However, a sophisticated analytical method for determining PFAAs in feathers is still lacking. In the present study, a series of conditions, such as the use of the solid-phase extraction cartridge type and extraction/digestion methods, were optimized for the analysis of 13 PFAAs in feathers. According to the spiked recoveries, a weak-anion exchange cartridge was chosen and the methanol was selected as the extraction solvent. In the present study, an optimized pretreatment procedure combined with high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC–ESI–MS/MS) method was established for the determination of PFAAs in feathers. The recoveries and method detection limits of the PFAAs ranged from 71 to 120% and 0.16 to 0.54 ng/g, respectively. Finally, 13 PFAAs in four accipiter feather samples from Nam Co Basin, Tibetan Plateau, were analyzed, indicating that PFOS was the predominant PFAA in accipiter feathers, with an average of 4.67 ng/g, followed by the short-chain PFAAs, PFBS and PFBA, with averages of 1.91 and 1.39 ng/g, respectively. These results partly indicated the current situation of PFAA pollution in the Nam Co Basin, especially the existence of short-chain PFAAs in this region.     

长江三角洲地区耕地数量变化及保护对策——以吴江市为例

长江三角洲是我国经济最发达的地区之一 ,但在经济发展的同时 ,耕地资源却日益减少 ,这将严重影响到我国未来的粮食安全问题。吴江市位于长江三角洲中心位置 ,强大的经济基础和有利的区位条件使土地资源得以高速地开发利用 ,它是长江三角洲地区在耕地数量变化上一个较典型的地区 ,在土地整理方面也进行了成功的尝试。以吴江市为例 ,定性和定量地对耕地数量变化的人文驱动力进行分析 ,得出影响本地耕地数量变化的主要驱动因素为 :工业发展 ,固定资产投资规模扩大和农业产业结构调整。随着经济的发展 ,在这些驱动因素的影响下 ,必然会造成耕地数量的进一步减少。如何保护长江三角洲地区现有的有限的耕地资源 ,实现国家新的《土地管理法》中所要求的耕地总量动态平衡是本地区面临的一个严峻问题。在进行保护对策研究时 ,除了采用通常各地已采取的一些措施外 ,还做了进一步的思考 ,对本地区在实施耕地总量动态平衡过程中、农业产业结构调整存在的问题及本地区如何面对WTO的挑战提出建议     

环渤海地区碳排放影响因素分解及其差异研究

在Kaya公式的基础上对环渤海地区碳排放影响因素进行了分解,并对各省市碳排放状况进行了对比分析。结果发现,环渤海地区碳排放量大致呈现持续均匀的增长趋势。其碳排放主要受能源结构、碳排放系数、能源强度、产业结构、经济规模5个因素影响。各省市碳排放量均呈加速增长趋势,能源结构仍以煤炭为主,产业结构有待优化。结合研究结果,从加强低碳技术创新、优化能源消费结构、开发绿色能源、宣传低碳观念角度提出了相关碳减排建议。     

浅谈防止海上油田地质性溢油的几个因素

油田在注水开发过程中由于注水工艺不完善、注水水质不达标、注采比不合理、井控措施无效等因素会导致地质性溢油事故的发生。文章主要针对注水性油田在开发过程中可能会导致地质性溢油的几个关键因素进行探讨,为注水性油田开发风险防范和环境保护提供参考。     

Assessing the Effects of Management Alternatives on Habitat Suitability in a Forested Landscape of Northeastern China

Forest management often has cumulative, long-lasting effects on wildlife habitat suitability and the effects may be impractical to evaluate using landscape-scale field experiments. To understand such effects, we linked a spatially explicit landscape disturbance and succession model (LANDIS) with habitat suitability index (HSI) models to assess the effects of management alternatives on habitat suitability in a forested landscape of northeastern China. LANDIS was applied to simulate future forest landscape changes under four management alternatives (no cutting, clearcutting, selective cutting I and II) over a 200-year horizon. The simulation outputs were linked with HSI models for three wildlife species, the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), the red deer (Cervus elaphus) and the hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia). These species are chosen because they represent numerous species that have distinct habitat requirements in our study area. We assessed their habitat suitability based on the mean HSI values, which is a measure of the average habitat quality. Our simulation results showed that no one management scenario was the best for all species and various forest management scenarios would lead to conflicting wildlife habitat outcomes. How to choose a scenario is dependent on the trade-off of economical, ecological and social goals. Our modeling effort could provide decision makers with relative comparisons among management scenarios from the perspective of biodiversity conservation. The general simulation results were expected based on our knowledge of forest management and habitat relationships of the species, which confirmed that the coupled modeling approach correctly simulated the assumed relationships between the wildlife, forest composition, age structure, and spatial configuration of habitat. However, several emergent results revealed the unexpected outcomes that a management scenario may lead to.     

Application of two modified kaolin materials in removing micro-plastics from water

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Some modified kaolin materials have the potential as adsorbents for the removal of numerous pollutants. In view of this, we developed two modified...     

Analysis on asymptotic stabilization of eco-compensation program for forest ecotourism stakeholders

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nowadays, many countries in the world have paid attention to the issue of improving the eco-compensation program for their forest ecotourism systems...