几种粘土矿物对Pb~(2+)的吸附作用及其主要影响因素的探讨

对土壤中常见的三种粘土矿物对Pb2+的吸附作用及其主要影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明，三种粘土矿物对Pb2+的吸附能力顺序为：蒙脱石＞伊利石＞高岭石。蒙脱石对Pb2+的吸附受pH的强烈影响，pH高有利于对Pb2+的吸附。与蒙脱石形成复合体形式的有机化合物的存在不利于蒙脱石对Pb2+的吸附。     

化学氧化-混凝法处理废纸再生造纸废水动态实验

采用 70L/h的装置进行化学氧化法处理废纸造纸废水动态实验。结果表明 ,动态实验的处理效果和操作条件与静态实验基本相符。在KMnO4 加量为 10～ 13mg/L、氧化时间为 2 5min、混凝剂A加量为 16 0～ 2 5 0mg/L、混凝剂B为 5 7～ 6 2mg/L时 ,装置出水CODCr降至 6 0～ 70mg/L、CODCr去除率高达 90 5 %～ 93 6 % ,水质优于国家一级排放标准 (GB35 44 92 )。实验得到了废水在沉降器中的沉降曲线     

福建浦城一三都澳铜金银多金属成矿带成矿地球化学研究

本文校系统地研究了成矿元素及微星元素．稀土元素和铅、硫、氢、氧同位素等成矿地球化学特征．研究结果表明，研究区内成矿物质来源是多方面的；成矿过程中的介质水在成矿主要阶段是大气降水与再平衡岩浆水的混会，在成矿晚期则主要来自大气降水；成矿是多阶段的，可依据各阶段的矿化程度来确定今后应侧重的矿种．     

降解含酚工业废水微生物的筛选及生态学研究

本研究从含酚工业废水处理厂的活性污泥中分离出62株细菌和2株酵母菌,经过不同酚浓度的筛选,得到了9株抗高浓度酚的优良菌株.在人工模拟控制的条件下,对曝气法处理含酚废水的微生物动力学进行了研究,试验结果表明,在温度为35℃、pH 为5—6的条件下,这些微生物降解酚的效率最高.     

Rh-Al-MCM-41上NO选择性催化还原的原位红外研究

利用气-固相固定床反应装置考察了Rh交换的Al-MCM-41在高气体空速条件下对贫燃NOx的选择性催化还原活性,考察了氧含量对其的影响。结果表明,在200000h~(-1)的气体空速、O_2/C_3H_6=20、603K时,NO转化率为74.3％。利用原位FTIR技术研究了该催化剂的表面吸附物种及表面程序升温反应行为,并结合实验观察探讨了贫燃条件下Rh-Al-MCM-41催化剂上NO的选择性催化还原机理。     

Enhanced removal of lead(II) and cadmium(II) from water in alum coagulation by ferrate(VI) pretreatment.

A laboratory study demonstrated that ferrate pretreatment significantly enhanced lead and cadmium removal in alum coagulation, under the conditions of natural surface water. The enhancement of lead removal was approximately 21 to 37% by ferrate pretreatment at a dosage of 1 to 5 mg/L. The enhanced removal of cadmium by ferrate pretreatment at a dosage of 1 to 5 mg/L exceeded the removal by alum coagulation alone 2-to 12-fold. Cadmium is much more difficult to remove than lead in alum coagulation. The performance of ferrate in enhancing the removal of lead and cadmium in alum coagulation was better than that of ferric chloride. The removal of lead and cadmium was highly pH-dependent, following the general trend of higher pH being related to higher removal. Satisfactory removal of cadmium could be expected by ferrate pretreatment combined with adjusting the pH of the water.     

Effect of bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil on rice growth

A pot experiment was conducted to appraise the hazards of bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil at six levels (0, 0.050, 0.089, 0.158, 0.281, and 0.500 mg kg(-1)) to the growth of four rice varieties (Xiushui 63, Eryou 810, Liangyoupeijiu, and Zhenong 952). The morphological characteristics of rice roots like root number, total length, surface area of rice roots, and rice biomass were determined. The results showed that the bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil impacted the growth of rice. Root number, total length of roots, surface area of roots, and biomass were restrained by bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil. The inhibition rate of root growth increased from 69.46-81.32% to 85.18-95.97% with the increasing of levels of bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl from 0.05 mg kg(-1) to 0.50 mg kg(-1). The number of rice roots could be taken as a sensitive index to screen the rice varieties endurable to bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil and to predict the potential hazards of bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil to rice. The level of bound residues of metsulfuron-methyl in soil causing the root numbers decreased by 50% (IC50) followed the order of Xiushui 63 < Eryou 810 < Liangyoupeijiu < Zhenong 952.     

钛白副产硫酸亚铁的综合利用研究

以钛白副产硫酸亚铁、氯化钾和氨水为原料，采用硫酸钾铵法制取硫酸钾。实验结果表明，该工艺生产的产品，其质量达到ZBG-21006-89国家标准，且此工艺流程简单、操作方便、条件易控制，无二次污染。     

Leaching study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioavailability from a coal-derived solid product

The leaching behavior of selected four- to six-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from a tumorigenic coal-derived solid product was determined using three media to evaluate their potential bioavailabilities. Equilibrium PAH concentrations generally exceeded the aqueous solubilities after less than five days of leaching. PAH selectively accumulated in phospholipid vesicles at individual concentrations greater than 1 μg/g, which is ca. 100-fold over that in the bulk aqueous leachate. The results suggest that the PAH are quite bioavailable from the solid product, and that cell membranes can be exposed to considerable quantities of these PAH over an extended bioassay.     

How to accurately assay the algal toxicity of pesticides with low water solubility

A novel method for assaying and calculating the toxicity of water-insoluble pesticides to green algae has been put forward in this work. First, a solvent is selected for use in bioassays; there should be a detailed screening to identify a solvent with inherently low toxicity to the test organism. Second, the EC50 is determined for selected pesticides by measuring the toxicity of various concentrations of each of the selected pesticides in a fixed concentration of selected solvent. Third, concentrations of the selected solvent are varied and the EC50 of each pesticide tested is assayed at a fixed concentration. Fourth, several suitable groups of solvent concentrations are selected and the corresponding EC50 values of tested pesticides are considered to establish the linear regression equation. Letting the solvent concentration be zero, one calculates the corresponding EC50 value, which corresponds to the inherent toxicity of the tested pesticide.