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371.
The loss of phosphorous (P) from the landscape is commonly viewed as deleterious for surface water quality. However, the quantities lost and the impact this can have on surface waters depends on numerous mechanisms that occur whilst en route. The aim of this review is to give an outline of these mechanisms and thus how sources of P in the agricultural landscape are connected to the impairment of surface water quality. Processes are dealt with by examining the potential for P loss from the landscape and its availability to aquatic plants during flow overland and subsurface flow and once in streamflow or a lake or reservoir. By examining the connectivity between P loss and the impact on surface water quality, potential mitigation and management of P losses are discussed for various aquatic systems. 相似文献
372.
Hieu M. Dang Ngan T. T. Nguyen Yoshihiko Inagaki Jarkko Akkanen Yutaka Sakakibara 《毒物与环境化学》2019,101(7-8):420-432
AbstractThe lakes of Hanoi are important water resources for urban agriculture. The concentrations of 17α-ethinylestradiol in the water of three major lakes were found to range from 0.1 to 9.1?ng/L, peaking during the rainy season. Effects at levels from 1?ng/L to 1?µg/L on the germination of mung bean (Vigna radiata) and bok choy (Brassica rapa) were studied. Soaking the seeds in solutions containing 17α-ethinylestradiol at 10?ng/L and higher increased the germination rate of mung bean but not of bok choy. For the latter, irrigation after sowing with solutions containing 17α-ethinylestradiol at 10?ng/L and higher accelerated germination. Abbreviations: MNRE: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; PE60: Population equivalent; USGS: U.S. Geological Survey; SPE: Solid phase extraction; EDTA: Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; HPLC: High performance liquid chromatography; ELISA: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; DOM: Dissolved organic matter; EEQ: Estradiol equivalent 相似文献
373.
Nguyen Thi Yen N. T. K. Oanh Lars Baetz Reutergardh Donald L. Wise Nguyen Thi Thu Lan 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》1996,18(1-4)
An integrated investigation on wastewater characterization and the environmental effects from the COGIDO pulp and paper mill in Bien Hoa Industrial Estate, Vietnam, a chlorine bleached soda integrated pulp and paper mill operating without a chemical recovery system, on the receiving water body was conducted during the rainy and dry seasons in 1993 and 1995. The pollution load from the mill was very high in terms of BOD, COD and SS (CODm: 58.7 t/d; BOD: 33.3 t/d and SS: 25.1 t/d). The effluent toxicity was determined using four toxicity tests: the green micro-alga, Selenastrum capricornutum, Microtox (marine bacteria: Photobacterium phosphoreum), the duckweed, Lemna aequinoctialis, and fish (silver barb: Puntius gonionotus, and Tilapia: Tilapia nilotica). Selenastrum capricornutum was the most sensitive among the tested organisms. The mill toxicity emission rate (TER) was as high as 338 610 (Selenastrum test). The bleaching-pulp and semi-chemical pulp plants which contributed the largest pollution load to the total COGIDO effluent, therefore, were targeted for abatement measures. Physico-chemical parameters as well as qualitative and quantitative aquatic organism composition for the river water were established. The BOD5 and COD values exceeded the potable surface water standard by a factor of 2 to 4. The species diversity and abundance of the phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos were found to be lower (20–40%) than that of unpolluted rivers in Vietnam, whereas pollution-indicator species increased up to four times during the dry season 1995. 相似文献
374.
375.
376.
Human activities generate waste and the amounts tend to increase as the demand for quality of life increases. Today’s rate in the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEANs) is alarming, posing a challenge to governments regarding environmental pollution in the recent years. The expectation is that eventually waste treatment and waste prevention approaches will develop towards sustainable waste management solutions. This expectation is for instance reflected in the term ‘zero emission systems’. The concept of zero emissions can be applied successfully with today’s technical possibilities in the agro-based processing industry. First, the state-of-the-art of waste management in Southeast Asian countries will be outlined in this paper, followed by waste generation rates, sources, and composition, as well as future trends of waste. Further on, solutions for solid waste management will be reviewed in the discussions of sustainable waste management. The paper emphasizes the concept of waste prevention through utilization of all wastes as process inputs, leading to the possibility of creating an ecosystem in a loop of materials. Also, a case study, focusing on the citrus processing industry, is displayed to illustrate the application of the aggregated material input–output model in a widespread processing industry in ASEAN. The model can be shown as a closed cluster, which permits an identification of opportunities for reducing environmental impacts at the process level in the food processing industry. Throughout the discussion in this paper, the utilization of renewable energy and economic aspects are considered to adapt to environmental and economic issues and the aim of eco-efficiency. Additionally, the opportunities and constraints of waste management will be discussed. 相似文献
377.
Thuan Huu Vo Omar Okasha Haider Al-Hello Aleksandra Polkowska Sirpa Räsänen Merja Bojang J. Pekka Nuorti Katri Jalava 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(3):174-179
On January 29, 2015, the city of Tampere environmental health officers were informed of a possible foodborne outbreak among customers who had eaten lunch in restaurant X. Employees of electric companies A and B had a sudden onset of gastrointestinal symptoms. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify the vehicle, source, and causative agent of the outbreak. A case was defined as an employee of companies A or B with diarrhea and/or vomiting who ate lunch at Restaurant X on January 26, 2015. All employees of the companies attending the implicated lunch were invited to participate in the cohort study. Environmental investigation was conducted. Twenty-one responders were included in statistical analysis, of which 11 met with the case definition. Of the 15 food items consumed by participants, four food items were associated with gastroenteritis. Of four kitchen staff, three tested positive for norovirus GIP7, the strain was found earlier in the community. No patient samples were obtained. Level of hygiene in the kitchen was inadequate. Infected kitchen staff probably transmitted norovirus by inadequate hygiene practices. No new cases associated with Restaurant X were reported after the hygiene practices were improved. 相似文献
378.
Anastopoulos Ioannis Robalds Artis Tran Hai Nguyen Mitrogiannis Dimitris Giannakoudakis Dimitrios A. Hosseini-Bandegharaei Ahmad Dotto Guilherme L. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(2):755-766
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Among various remediation technologies, biosorption is promising for the removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater, since in many cases, it is fast,... 相似文献
379.
Christine C. Nguyen Cody N. Hugie Molly L. Kile Tala Navab-Daneshmand 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(3):46
380.
Water-dissolved oxygen was supplied into anaerobic aquifer , which oxidized Fe(II), Mn(II) and trivalent arsenic and changed
them into undissolved solid matter through hydrolysis, precipitation, co-precipitation and adsorption processes. The experiment
was carried out on the column imitated a bore core of anaerobic aquifer with water phase containing Fe(II), Mn(II), As(III)
concentration of 45.12 mg/L, 14.52 mg/L, 219.4 μg/L, respectively and other ions similarly composition in groundwater. After
6 days of air supply, concentration of iron reduced to 0.38 mg/L, manganese to 0.4 mg/L, arsenic to 9.8 μg/L (equivalent 99.16%
of iron, 97.25% of manganese and 95.53% of arsenic fixed), and for other ions, the concentration changed almost according
to general principles. Ion phosphate and silicate strongly influenced on arsenic removal but supported iron and manganese
precipitation from water phase. Based on the experimental results, new model of groundwater exploitation was proposed. 相似文献