全文获取类型
收费全文 | 555篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
国内免费 | 35篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 24篇 |
废物处理 | 23篇 |
环保管理 | 56篇 |
综合类 | 94篇 |
基础理论 | 63篇 |
污染及防治 | 241篇 |
评价与监测 | 52篇 |
社会与环境 | 40篇 |
灾害及防治 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 18篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 14篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 15篇 |
2011年 | 39篇 |
2010年 | 22篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 33篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 20篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有596条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
141.
Rachael E. Bonoan Rhyan R. Goldman Peter Y. Wong Philip T. Starks 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2014,101(6):459-465
Eusocial insects are distinguished by their elaborate cooperative behavior and are sometimes defined as superorganisms. As a nest-bound superorganism, individuals work together to maintain favorable nest conditions. Residing in temperate environments, honey bees (Apis mellifera) work especially hard to maintain brood comb temperature between 32 and 36 °C. Heat shielding is a social homeostatic mechanism employed to combat local heat stress. Workers press the ventral side of their bodies against heated surfaces, absorb heat, and thus protect developing brood. While the absorption of heat has been characterized, the dissipation of absorbed heat has not. Our study characterized both how effectively worker bees absorb heat during heat shielding, and where worker bees dissipate absorbed heat. Hives were experimentally heated for 15 min during which internal temperatures and heat shielder counts were taken. Once the heat source was removed, hives were photographed with a thermal imaging camera for 15 min. Thermal images allowed for spatial tracking of heat flow as cooling occurred. Data indicate that honey bee workers collectively minimize heat gain during heating and accelerate heat loss during cooling. Thermal images show that heated areas temporarily increase in size in all directions and then rapidly decrease to safe levels (<37 °C). As such, heat shielding is reminiscent of bioheat removal via the cardiovascular system of mammals. 相似文献
142.
During composting the humification of organic matter will have a significant effect on the physicochemical form of existence of heavy metals. Therefore the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of co-composting sewage sludge with lime on heavy metal speciation and the changes in DTPA extractable metals. Metal speciation was conducted to evaluate the redistribution of Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in sewage sludge composted with lime. Sewage sludge was mixed with sawdust in 2:1 (w/w fresh weight) and then composted with lime at 0%, 0.63%, 1% or 1.63% (dry weight) for 100 days. The lime addition did not cause any changes in the different forms of Cu and Mn, but the composting process caused transformations of residual form of Cu and Mn into oxidizable and reducible form, respectively. For Ni, the reducible form was mainly transformed into residual form and lime addition decreased this transformation. Major transformation of different forms of Pb was not found, however the residual form of Pb increased with lime addition. The predominant residual form of Zn was mainly transformed into oxidizable form and the lime addition reduced this transformation. Addition of lime to sewage sludge during composting resulted in lower DTPA extractable metal contents. Therefore, lime is a suitable material to co-compost with sewage sludge to reduce the availability of heavy metals. 相似文献
143.
Residues of organochlorine pesticides in Hong Kong soils 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
It was short of research on the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in the soils of Hong Kong. Sixty-six representative soil samples were collected from the 46 sites covering five types of land uses in Hong Kong. Hexachlorohexanes (HCH) and 7 Stockholm Convention OCPs were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a Nickel 63 electronic capture detector (muECD). The results presented that HCH and 5 Stockholm Convention pesticides were detected in Hong Kong soils although the detectable ratio varies to a great extent. The concentration sequence of the five detectable OCPs was HCH > dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) > hexachlorobenzene (HCB) approximately = Endrin > alpha-endosulfan. Among the OCPs and their homologues or isomers, beta-HCH and p,p'-DDE were the two predominant substances according to the concentrations and detectable ratios, concentrations of which in soils were averagely 6.12 microg kg(-1) and 0.41 microg kg(-1) respectively. Soil horizon samples of 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm and >30 cm depth were selected from nine soil profiles to demonstrate the depth distributions of DDT and HCH in soil profiles. Concentrations of HCH tended to increase gradually from the topsoil to bottom layer while the lowest concentration of DDT is usually found in the subsoil (10-30 cm) in most sampling sites. In addition, close correlations of pH(KCl) and total organic carbon (TOC) with HCH indicated an effect on the residues of HCH caused by these two soils properties, but such relationships were not found with DDT or other OCPs. 相似文献
144.
dos Santos IR Silva-Filho EV Schaefer C Maria Sella S Silva CA Gomes V Passos MJ Van Ngan P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,140(2):304-311
This paper provides the first quantitative information on mercury in soil, coastal sediment, and in characteristic organisms of terrestrial and shallow coastal marine ecosystems from Admiralty Bay (King George Island, Antarctica). As expected for a remote area, mercury content is low in abiotic components of the ecosystem, and probably similar to natural levels. Mercury also occurs in very low concentrations in the vegetation, invertebrates and fish. These low mercury levels may be due to sulphide formation in reducing sediments of this environment. Higher concentrations of mercury occurred in bird feathers and mammal hair, indicating biomagnification. This was not found for Zinc. These results may be useful as a reference background to detect future inputs of trace elements in this remote area of the earth. Terrestrial vegetation and bird feathers are suggested as target regional biomonitors. 相似文献
145.
Distributions and concentrations of PAHs in Hong Kong soils 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Zhang HB Luo YM Wong MH Zhao QG Zhang GL 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,141(1):107-114
Surface soil (0-10 cm) samples from 53 sampling sites including rural and urban areas of Hong Kong were collected and analyzed for 16 EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Total PAH concentrations were in the range of 7.0-410 microg kg(-1) (dry wt), with higher concentrations in urban soils than that in rural soils. The three predominant PAHs were Fluoranthene, Naphthalene and Pyrene in rural soils, while Fluoranthene, Naphthalene and Benzo(b + k)fluoranthene dominated the PAHs of urban soils. The values of PAHs isomer indicated that biomass burning might be the major origin of PAHs in rural soils, but vehicular emission around the heavy traffic roads might contribute to the soil PAHs in urban areas. A cluster analysis was performed and grouped the detectable PAHs under 4 clusters, which could be indicative of the PAHs with different origins and PAHs affected by soil organic carbon contents respectively. 相似文献
146.
Effects of inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on metal uptake by Brassica juncea 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
A greenhouse study was carried out with Brassica juncea to critically evaluate effects of bacterial inoculation on the uptake of heavy metals from Pb-Zn mine tailings by plants. Application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate and potassium solubilizers, might play an important role in the further development of phytoremediation techniques. The presence of these beneficial bacteria stimulated plant growth and protected the plant from metal toxicity. Inoculation with rhizobacteria had little influence on the metal concentrations in plant tissues, but produced a much larger above-ground biomass and altered metal bioavailability in the soil. As a consequence, higher efficiency of phytoextraction was obtained compared with control treatments. 相似文献
147.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of earthworm density on the availability of nutrients and heavy metals in metal contaminated soils. Pb/Zn mine tailings were mixed throughly with a red yellow podzolic soil at the ratio (w/w) of 75:25. Earthworms (Pheretima sp.) were introduced to the mixture at four different densities, zero, three, six and nine individuals per pot planted with ryegrass (Loliun multiflorum). The results indicated that earthworm activity significantly enhanced ryegrass shoot biomass. However, as denser earthworm population was introduced, shoot biomass tended to decrease. Earthworm activity significantly increased soil pH and availability of N, P and K in the tailings and soil mixture. There was a general tendency that uptake of Zn by ryegrass increased after earthworm inoculation, although the increase in extractable Zn in tailings and soil mixture was not significant. On the contrary, there seemed to be a lower uptake of Pb by ryegrass under earthworm inoclation, despite the fact that higher extractable Pb concentrations were observed. The present project indicated that the improved growth of ryegrass was due to improved nutrient availability and other soil conditions, by inoculation of earthworms at an appropriate rate. Further studies are needed to illustrate the relationship between metal availability and earthworm activity in the field. 相似文献
148.
As marine disposal of sewage sludge and dredged sediments may impose serious adverse effects to marine ecosystems, landfilling seems to be the most feasible method for the final disposal of these wastes. A batch experiment was conducted to study waste degradation and gas production after sewage sludge and marine dredgings were mixed with municipal refuse at 13 different ratios for 36 days. The addition of sludge and dredgings to municipal refuse enhanced gas production, compared with the degradation of refuse or sludge alone. A proper mixing ratio of wastes can also shorten the time to reach the final phase of anaerobiosis. The highest gas production was obtained from the ratio of 75-20-5 (refuse-sludge-dredgings) (wet weight basis). Its average daily gas production rate was 1.42 l kg(-1) waste mixture; methane content was 68.3%. The results indicated that codisposal of the three wastes would be beneficial for energy recovery from landfill gas. 相似文献
149.
Isaac Yomtovian 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1979,15(3):628-643
ABSTRACT: Frequent high quantity overflows of combined sewage entering the Mississippi River near the city of Red Wing, Minnesota, have degraded water quality and caused concern among federal and state environmental agencies. The city of Red Wing was required to conduct a comprehensive waste control study, as part of the sewer system Construction Grant (Section 201 of PL 92–500), to identify alternative waste control and treatment measures and to recommend the optimum combination of alternatives in terms of both cost and waste control effectiveness. The study involved these basic steps: determination of present and future (year 2020) sanitary flow rates and volumes, storm runoff discharges, frequencies and volumes, and combined sewage bypass volumes; identification of alternative waste control measures; elimination of unfeasible alternatives; detailed analysis of the hydrologic, economic, and waste control feasibility of the promising alternatives; selection of the optimum combination of alternative waste control measures to satisfy the study objectives, and determination of construction priorities for the optimum control measures. Because of an uncertain budget and undetermined conditions of state and federal assistance, the city has not yet selected the optimum waste control measure for its needs. When the decisionmaking process between representatives of the city and the state commences, the optimum combination of waste control alternatives can be easily identified using the results of this study. 相似文献
150.
The separate collection of waste, and especially of recyclables with specific collection systems, would not be possible without
the involvement of the users. Apart from the physical installations such as collection containers, collection points, etc.,
the motivation of the users is an essential component. Motivation can be reinforced through public relations work. In addition
to the underlying technical considerations, this paper describes the difference between communication in general and public
relations and specifically examines public involvement in recycling. Through the use of examples, we look at the targeted
users and typical media employed. Furthermore, we analyzes the development of public involvement. The examples show that public
relations for recycling strategies relies to a great extent on attitudes, habits, and access to the target group. Thus, standardized
procedures cannot be developed. For these reasons, public relation activities must be planned carefully and professionally
and include an analysis of the target group, choice of media, and verification of success. 相似文献