Scenarios of major terrestrial ecosystems in China

The spatial pattern and mean-center shift of major terrestrial ecosystems, termed Holdridge Life Zones (HLZ), during the periods from 1961 to 1990 (T1), from 2010 to 2039 (T2), from 2040 to 2069 (T3) and from 2070 to 2099 (T4) were analyzed by combining the zonal patterns of climatic change in China and the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3. The results showed that nival area would decrease rapidly with temperature increase in the future. HadCM2 and HadCM3 predicted that the nival areas might disappear in 552 years and 204 years, respectively. Using both HadCM2 and HadCM3, the five HLZ types with the largest areal extent are nival zone, cool temperate moist forest, warm temperate moist forest, subtropical moist forest and boreal wet forest, which collectively account for more than 50% of China's land mass. Among these five HLZ types, nival zone, warm temperate moist forest and boreal wet forest would decrease continuously, whereas subtropical moist forest and cool temperate forest would increase continuously during the four periods. HLZ diversity and patch connectivity would increase continuously in the 21st century. The shift distances of mean centers of HLZ types simulated using HadCM3 were markedly greater than those simulated using HadCM2, in general. The results from both HadCM2 and HadCM3 showed that boreal wet forest, subtropical moist forest, tropical dry forest, warm temperate moist forest and subtropical wet forest had bigger shift ranges, indicating that these HLZ types are more sensitive to the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3.     

城市垃圾焚烧主要工艺段捕集灰中二噁英的分布特征

采用同位素稀释法、高分辨气相色谱/质谱检测垃圾焚烧主要工艺段捕集灰中的二英.垃圾焚烧炉预热器、过热器和布袋除尘器捕集灰中二英(PCDD/Fs)的浓度分别为1025ng·g-1,1249ng·g-1和4670ng·g-1,毒性当量(ITEQ)为0073ng·g-1,0026ng·g-1和811ng·g-1.同时,分析了不同氯原子数取代的二英同系物在预热器、过热器、布袋除尘器捕集灰中的变化和对ITEQ值的贡献.     

我院会计档案管理电算化的思考

会计档案管理电算化是重要的会计基础工作,需要我院各部门相互协调、共同完成、规范管理、科学使用并及时维护计算机管理系统.做好会计档案管理电算化工作,有机地将会计核算、系统安全有效长期运行结合起来,充分发挥电算化会计档案快捷、方便的特点,才能确保我院内部信息资源的共享,使财会人员真正摆脱繁琐、单调、机械的手工操作,达到会计工作电算化、效率化、制度化、规范化.     

电催化氧化降解大气中甲醛的研究

将有机废气通过高效微孔曝气转移到液相,采用活性碳纤维作为电极,研究不同鼓气速率和不同电压对处理效果的影响.结果表明,本方法适用于低浓度高气量有机废气的处理.在实验范围内,当曝气速率为20L·h-1,外加电压为5V的条件下,处理速率最稳定.     

Metabolism of a nonylphenol isomer by Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3

For elucidation of the metabolism of the endocrine disruptor nonylphenol by Sphingomonas sp. strain TTNP3, the degradation of an isomer of nonylphenol, 4(2,6-dimethyl-2-heptyl)-phenol, has been studied. As in the case of 4(3,5-dimethyl-3-heptyl)-phenol, the metabolism of this nonylphenol isomer leads to the formation of the NIH-shifted product 2(2,6-dimethyl-2-heptyl)-1,4-benzenediol (NIH: National Institute of Health), but also to the alkoxy derivative 4(2,6-dimethylheptan-2-yloxy)phenol as additional metabolite. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the formation of alkoxyphenol as a degradation product of nonylphenol. Additionally, these results provide for the first time evidence for slight differences in the biodegradation of the isomers of nonylphenol.     

谷氨酸生产废水的治理工程实例

本文对谷氨酸生产废水和味精生产废水的性质作了简要介绍，针对该类废水提出了蒸发浓缩＋接触氧化为核心的治理工艺。结果表明，经该处理工艺，废水中的COD、BOD5、NH3-N等指标均能够达到《味精工业污染物排放标准》（GB19431—2004）中的标准要求。工艺流程简便可行，效果明显。在实际中有较大应用前景，具有显著的环境和经济效益。本文重点介绍了工程的实际运行情况和运行成本，并进行了简要分析。     

板料拉延成形中应力状态的研究

在采用Hill关于各向异性材料的修正屈服函数,并运用板块分析方法对板料轴对称成形进行数值模拟的基础上,着重分析了拉延成形中悬空区域材料的应力状态,提出了对该区域应力状态过渡点即周向应力为零的应力分界圆进行数值求解的公式及方法,同时对影响该分界圆位置的诸因素进行了细致分析.     

关于山东农村自然资源的条件分析及其合理开发利用对策研究

本文从宏观角度,在分析山东农村自然资源有利条件、不利因素及存在问题基础上,确定了山东农村发展的基本指导思想和步骤,提出了合理开发利用农村自然资源的主要战略对策。     

城市污水处理厂污泥资源化研究探讨

城市污水污泥产量巨大且成分复杂，如何对它进行合理利用已越来越受人们关注，若处置利用不当就不能够充分发挥其消除污染、保护环境的作用，也就明显地削弱了污水处理厂的净化功能。文章系统地综述了城市污泥处置与利用的现状和趋势，指出污泥资源化利用是今后污泥最终处置的根本方式，并就目前研究较多的污泥制作建筑材料、热解制油、制取燃料、堆肥利用、等资源化利用技术及前景进行了分析，为今后污泥的资源化利用提供参考。     

Regression modelling of hourly NOx and NO2 concentrations in urban air in London

Based on hourly measurements of NO_x NO₂ and O₃ and meteorological data, an ordinary least squares (OLS) model and a first-order autocorrelation (AR) model were developed to analyse the regression and prediction of NO_x and NO₂ concentrations in London. Primary emissions and wind speed are the most important factors influencing NO_x concentrations; in addition to these two, reaction of NO with O₃ is also a major factor influencing NO₂ concentrations. The AR model resulted in high correlation coefficients (R > 0.95) for the NO_x and NO₂ regression based on a whole year's data, and is capable of predicting NO₂ (R = 0.83) and NO_x (R = 0.65) concentrations when the explanatory variables were available. The analysis of the structure of regression models by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicates that the regression models are stable. The results of the OLS model indicate that there was an exceptional NO₂ source, other than primary emission and reaction of NO with O₃, in the air pollution episode in London in December 1991.