基于有限元法的双层底板立式储罐可靠性分析

针对双层底板结构储罐上层底板变形过大产生强度失效问题的隐患,通过对装满辛烷的储罐结构力学行为进行有限元分析,研究了不同底板支撑结构形式及不同格栅间距情况下,上层底板的挠度变形及储罐的应力分布情况.研究结果表明在双层底板立式储罐的设计过程中应注重罐壁底部位置加强措施.     

从内质网应激的角度探究微囊藻毒素-LR对斑马鱼离体肝细胞脂代谢的影响

为了探究微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)对斑马鱼离体肝细胞内质网应激(ERs)和脂质代谢的影响及机制,本实验以斑马鱼肝细胞系(ZFL)为实验材料,使用不同浓度梯度MC-LR(0、10、20、40、80和160 μg·mL^-1)分别进行24 h暴露,在明确细胞活力和半致死浓度(49.3 μg·mL^-1)的基础上,选定10 μg·mL^-1为暴露浓度,研究细胞中总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)的含量及ERs信号分子、下游因子以及与脂质代谢相关的基因表达情况,并利用ERs抑制剂牛磺熊去氧胆酸(TUDCA)进行机制验证。结果表明,和对照组相比,MC-LR(10 μg·mL^-1)暴露诱导TC、TG含量显著上升,未折叠蛋白反应(UPR)途径相关基因(包括atf6、eif2ak3、ern1和xbp1s)以及下游脂质代谢相关基因(srebf1、fasn、acaca、scd、srebf2、hmgcra和hmgcs1)的mRNA表达显著上调;而TUDCA处理导致TC、TG含量显著下降,且UPR和脂类合成途径相关基因表达水平显著性下调。相对地,在TUDCA预处理组中,TC、TG含量、UPR和脂类合成途径相关基因表达相对于MC-LR处理组显著下降,但和对照组相比无显著差异。上述结果表明,MC-LR可通过影响肝脏脂质合成相关基因表达对体外ZFL细胞脂质代谢产生影响,其机制是MC-LR会诱导ERs和固醇调控元件结合蛋白(SREBP)活化(srebf1和srebf2),进而驱动下游脂质和胆固醇代谢合成基因(fasn、acaca、scd、hmgcs1和hmgcra)的上调,最终导致肝脏脂质的蓄积。TUDCA预暴露组相应检测指标的恢复进一步验证了ERs在MC-LR引起的斑马鱼肝脏脂质代谢异常中的作用。本研究的发现为MC-LR肝毒性提供了机制上的见解,并由此可外推到MC对人健康的潜在影响。     

Assessment of soil and soil-gas radon activity using active and passive detecting methods in Korea

Radon ((222)Rn) is a carcinogenic gas produced by the radioactive decay of radium ((226)Ra). It has been reported that soil and soil-gas are primary factors that could cause indoor radon problems. Six sites were selected for this study--Sanbook, Gangcheon, Jikyeong, Choojung, Geumsung and Homyoung--each was classified according to bedrock type. In order to investigate soil-gas radon activities and radon emanating power, innovated active and passive detecting methods were developed and applied under both field and laboratory conditions. Statistical analysis of results confirmed that the radon activity values measured using either active or passive methods under field or laboratory conditions could be interchangeable with each other.     

Iron improving bio-char derived from microalgae on removal of tetracycline from aqueous system

Novel magnetic carbonaceous bio-char was hydrothermal prepared from microalgae under different loadings of iron and its structures and surface chemistry were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET). The morphology of bio-char changed from sheet to particle as iron loading increased and its surface area also increased. When 3.0 g of dried microalgae and 6.0 mmol iron salt ((NH₄)₂SO₄·FeSO₄·6H₂O) were mixed and treated, the obtained bio-char possessing the highest amount of oxygen-containing functional groups resulted in the best adsorption performance on tetracycline (TC). This adsorption process was fitted to Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was 95.86 mg/g, which is higher than other bio-char reported. The iron loading contributed to the higher adsorption capacity of bio-char, which may be due to three factors, the high surface area, more hydrogen bonding, and bridging effects of the structural Fe for TC. Our data suggest that bio-char may have more important role in stabilization of pollutants in the environment.     

US Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans health study: preliminary results

The long-term health consequences of exposure to phenoxyherbicides used in Vietnam has been a great concern to the veterans. In addition to the Air Force Ranch Hand personnel, Army Chemical Corps personnel who served in Vietnam are thought to have had some of the highest herbicide exposures. The Department of Veterans Affairs commenced a study of veterans who served in Vietnam as members of the Army Chemical Corps and a comparison cohort of Army Chemical Corps personnel who served elsewhere. A total of 2872 Vietnam veterans and 2737 non-Vietnam veterans who served in the Army Chemical Corps were identified for inclusion in a telephone health interview survey with a random 20% sample of veterans receiving serum dioxin and other congeners assessments. In a feasibility study which included 284 Vietnam veterans and 281 non-Vietnam veterans, 100 serum assessments were conducted of which 95 were included in the analysis. Vietnam veterans with a history of spraying herbicides were found to have a statistically significant elevation in their current serum 2,3,7,8-TCDD concentrations compared to non-Vietnam veterans without a spray history (P = 0.05). Other 2,3,7,8-substituted dioxins levels were comparable to the levels found in the non-Vietnam veterans. This feasibility study demonstrated that serum dioxin concentrations from a sample of the study participants can be used to identify exposure variables in the health survey that can serve as a surrogate measure of phenoxyherbicide exposure.     

新生态MnO2吸附剂对酸性媒介染料废水脱色特性研究

本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式