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易燃液体燃烧痕迹识别对助燃剂放火火灾调查至关重要。选用丙纶地毯和PVC地板革作为纤维和塑料地板的代表,以工业酒精作为易挥发助燃剂的代表,研究酒精用量、灭火方式等对燃烧痕迹形成及痕迹稳定性的影响。通过与未加载酒精的痕迹对比,发现丙纶地毯因热稳定性较差,燃烧后往往能形成烧坑或烧洞,其燃烧轮廓以典型的灰化形式存在,加载酒精的部位熔融严重,与地面紧紧粘连在一起;PVC地板革因为表面光滑,酒精在其表面不断流淌,燃烧后会留下清晰的轮廓,类似于细线状的印痕,而地板革本身基本不会燃烧。燃烧熄灭的方式也会对其炭化程度、燃烧图痕、残余形状产生影响。 相似文献
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分析呼吸防护面具研究领域在呼吸阻力方面的研究情况,提出基于计算流体力学分析的呼吸防护面具罩体设计方案,在设计过程中添加以计算流体力学分析为手段的有限元模拟仿真模块。通过ANSYS产品ICEM CFD与CFX对设计模型进行网格划分与流体分析,根据仿真结果对初步设计的模型进行结构优化再设计。 相似文献
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景美波 《安全.健康和环境》2021,21(6):41-44
目的调查长输管道典型输气站场职业病危害及周围环境对健康的影响,提出防护建议。方法调查输气站场职业病危害程度及周围环境因素(污染物排放、生物因素)影响,综合分析作业人员健康防护要点。结果日常作业属于低风险,非正常(周边企业事故、污染物排放)状态下作业过程属于高风险(急性中毒);有毒动物(毒蛇等)、地方病等存在潜在健康危害。结论影响长输管道作业人员健康的主要因素包括职业性急性中毒、有毒动物咬伤和血吸虫病等。 相似文献
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Fourier transform infrared microscope and confocal Raman spectroscope were employed in this study to investigate four kinds of biodegradable plastics: poly(lactic acid),poly(butylenes adipate-co-terephthalate), poly(butylenes succinate) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate), which are used more and more popularly in everyday life but can not be identified easily with other instruments. Infrared and Raman spectra of the plastics were tentatively interpreted. The indicative peaks to characterize the four polymers were also summarized. The result in this study can help the forensic scientists discriminate the plastics accurately when they occurred as trace evidences in cases, it also offers the producer and environment scientists an effective, non-invasive and fast method to characterize and identify these four polymers. 相似文献
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Radon exhalation from building materials for decorative use 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jing Chen Naureen M. Rahman Ibrahim Abu Atiya 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2010,101(4):317-322
Long-term exposure to radon increases the risk of developing lung cancer. There is considerable public concern about radon exhalation from building materials and the contribution to indoor radon levels. To address this concern, radon exhalation rates were determined for 53 different samples of drywall, tile and granite available on the Canadian market for interior home decoration. The radon exhalation rates ranged from non-detectable to 312 Bq m−2 d−1. Slate tiles and granite slabs had relatively higher radon exhalation rates than other decorative materials, such as ceramic or porcelain tiles. The average radon exhalation rates were 30 Bq m−2 d−1 for slate tiles and 42 Bq m−2 d−1 for granite slabs of various types and origins. Analysis showed that even if an entire floor was covered with a material having a radon exhalation rate of 300 Bq m−2 d−1, it would contribute only 18 Bq m−3 to a tightly sealed house with an air exchange rate of 0.3 per hour. Generally speaking, building materials used in home decoration make no significant contribution to indoor radon for a house with adequate air exchange. 相似文献
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Cai Kui Du Juan Dai Cong Hu Huabin . Center for Rural Development Studies Yunnan University Kunming Yunnan China . Institute of Ethnology Yunnan Academy of Social Science Kunming Yunnan China . Institute of Economics Yunnan Academy of Social Science Kunming Yunnan China . Xishuangbanna Tropical Botany Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunan China 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,5(2):78-83
A three-year study over the Bai, Jingpo and Huayaodai communities in Yunnan Province reveals that the community development is significantly influenced in various ways by such cultural factors as the concepts of development; concepts and traditions of inter-community relationships, consumption, mar- riage and gender; patterns of decision-making and production, resource and income allocation; as well as the role of information dissemination systems, religion and ritual. Based on the analysis over the interactive relevance between each factor and community development, some strategies and methods for dealing with such a cultural relevance in development projects are recommended. 相似文献